The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society (Vol. I)

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Title: The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society (Vol. I)
Author: Various
Language: English
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[Illustration:

REAR-ADMIRAL RICHARD WORSAM MEADE

FIRST PRESIDENT-GENERAL
]

THE JOURNAL

OF THE

AMERICAN-IRISH
HISTORICAL SOCIETY

EDITED BY

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY
_Secretary-General_

AND

THOMAS BONAVENTURE LAWLER
_Librarian-Archivist_

VOLUME I

BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
MDCCCXCVIII

------------------------------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

The American-Irish Historical Society was founded, as its constitution
declares, for “the study of American history generally; to investigate
specially the immigration of the people of Ireland to this country,
determine its numbers, examine the sources, learn the places of its
settlement; to examine records of every character wherever found; to
endeavor to correct erroneous, distorted, and false views of history in
relation to the Irish race in America; to encourage and assist the
formation of local societies; to promote and foster an honorable and
national spirit of patriotism; to place the result of its historical
investigations and researches in acceptable literary form; to print,
publish, and distribute its documents; to sift and discriminate every
paper, sketch, document bearing on the society’s line of work, before
the same is accepted and given official sanction.” The work was
inaugurated by the issuance of the following invitation to prominent men
throughout the country:

A CALL FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF AN AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY WHOSE
SPECIAL LINE OF RESEARCH SHALL BE THE HISTORY OF THE IRISH ELEMENT
IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.

DEAR SIR,—A number of gentlemen, interested in the part taken in
American history by people of Irish birth or lineage, are about to
organize themselves into an historical society for the purpose of
investigating and recording the influence of that element in the
up-building of the nation.

People of Irish blood have been coming to this continent,
voluntarily and otherwise, since the date of its earliest
settlement. While they have been a valuable addition to colony and
republic in all departments of human activity, their work and
contributions have received but scant recognition from chroniclers
of American history.

Whether this omission springs from carelessness, ignorance,
indifference, or design, is now of little moment. The fact that such
a condition does exist makes it imperative that it should be
remedied not only in the interest of historical truth, but of racial
fair play. Certain elements in the make-up of the American people
have not hesitated on occasion to masquerade, at the expense of the
Irish, in borrowed plumes, and to pose under plundered laurels. It
is the duty of honest historians to look after the rights of the
lawful owners.

The history of Irish immigration to this country is of profound
interest. The motive that inspired this sturdy people in coming to
these shores was largely the one that animated and inspired all
immigration—discontent with the existing home conditions, civil,
religious, political, industrial, and the hope of living under
better and nobler conditions here.

The American of English stock has his historical society; the
descendants of the Dutch, Huguenot, and Spaniard have associations
which specialize the historical work of the bodies they represent;
and we feel that the story of the Irish element should be told
before the mass of legend and fiction now flooding the country under
misleading designations has completely submerged historic facts.

The work of our projected society will be influenced by no religious
or political divisions, for with us the race stands first, its
qualifying incidents afterwards. It matters little where the people
came from, whether from the north, the south, the east, or the west
of Ireland. It is of minor importance in what church they worshiped;
we wish merely to concern ourselves with the work done by them here;
to record the story of their settlement; to state the extent of
their participation in the civil, military, and political activities
of the land, and to try truthfully and fearlessly to record their
achievements.

The society now in process of formation must, we believe, be made up
of men who have the patience to search, the knowledge and wisdom to
sift and discriminate, and the ability to place the results in
acceptable literary form. Lastly, the character of the membership
must be such that it will command the respect and attention of the
community, so that its work will be accepted as having a definite
historical value which can be used in general works treating of the
growth of the republic by historians of a future date. This, in
brief, is the project; it is ambitious, but it is worthy; it is
absolutely necessary if the good name and influence of an essential,
but much neglected, chapter in American history shall be
perpetuated.

To place the Irish element in its true light in American history, to
secure its correct perspective in relation to historic events on
this soil, is the final aim of the new society. Its primal object
will be to ascertain the facts, weigh them in relation to
contemporary events, and estimate their historical value, avoiding
in this process the exaggeration and extravagance of poorly informed
writers on the one hand and the prejudice and misrepresentation of
hostile writers on the other.

The organization will be constructed on a broad and liberal plan. It
will be non-political, and no religious test will be required for
admission to membership or the holding of office. Being an American
organization in spirit and principle, the society will welcome to
its ranks Americans of whatever race descent who evince an interest
in the special line of research for which the society is organized.

Some of the projectors belong to other historical bodies, and it was
at first believed that the work for which this new society is to be
formed could better be done through the medium of those bodies and
without the necessity of a separate organization. Experience,
however, has led to the conclusion that this is not so. Hence the
resolve to form a distinct body, with its own special object,
program, and mode of procedure.

There is a place for such a society in the community; its purposes
are honorable and useful, and its work should begin while yet
documents, records, and historical material are available. We feel
that such a work will be valuable not only to the Irish race, but to
the American race also, to whose fiber this element has contributed
its share.

We will be glad to have your good wishes and coöperation in the
work.

The meeting for organizing the society will be held at the Revere
House in Boston, Mass., on Wednesday, Jan. 20, 1897, at 6.30 P.M.
Introductory to the proceedings, a dinner will be served.

Very respectfully,

JOHN C. LINEHAN,
State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.

JOSEPH SMITH,
Secretary, Board of Police, Lowell, Mass.

ROBERT ELLIS THOMPSON,
President, Central High School, Philadelphia, Pa.

JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE,
Editor, _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.

THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
New York City.

THOMAS J. GARGAN,
Boston, Mass.

PATRICK WALSH,
Ex-U. S. Senator; publisher, _The Chronicle_, Augusta, Ga.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
Editor, _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass.

THOMAS A. E. WEADOCK,
Member of the LII.d and of the LIII.d Congress, Detroit, Mich.

JOHN J. PHELAN,
Late Secretary of State, Connecticut, Bridgeport, Ct.

EDWARD A. HALL,
Member, Connecticut Valley Historical Society, Springfield, Mass.

HUGH J. CARROLL,
Late a Member of the Rhode Island General Assembly; Ex-Mayor
of the city of Pawtucket, R. I.

J. D. O’CONNELL,
Bureau of Statistics, Treasury Department, Washington, D. C.

WALTER LECKY,
Redwood, Jefferson County, N. Y.

J. W. FOGARTY,
Assessors Department, City Hall, Boston, Mass.; Secretary,
Charitable Irish Society (instituted 1737).

THOMAS ADDIS EMMET,
New York City.

DENNIS HARVEY SHEAHAN,
Ex-Reading Clerk, Rhode Island House of Representatives,
Providence, R. I.

M. J. HARSON,
Founder, Phi Kappa Sigma, Brown University, Providence, R. I.

JAMES R. O’BEIRNE,
Late Brevet Brigadier-General of Volunteers; Ex-Commander, U. S.
Medal of Honor Legion, New York City.

ST. CLAIR A. MULHOLLAND,
Brevet Major-General of Volunteers; commanded Fourth Brigade,
First Division, Second Corps, Philadelphia, Pa.

REV. THOMAS J. CONATY, D.D.,
Rector, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

REV. GEORGE C. BETTS,
Rector, St. James Protestant Episcopal Church, Goshen, N. Y.

REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER,
(Methodist), Cleveland, Ohio.

REV. ANDREW MORRISSEY, C. S. C.,
President, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind.

OSBORNE HOWES,
(Eighth American generation), Secretary, Board of Fire
Underwriters, Boston, Mass.

HENRY STODDARD RUGGLES,
(Ninth American generation), Member, Sons of the Revolution and
Sons of the American Revolution, Wakefield, Mass.

HENRY G. CROWELL,
(A descendant of David O’Killia, who was a settler in Plymouth
Colony as early as 1657), South Yarmouth, Mass.

RICHARD W. MEADE,
Rear Admiral, U, S. N.

JOHN COCHRANE,
President of the N. Y. Society of the Cincinnati, New York City.

MATTHEW CALBRAITHE BUTLER,
Late a Senator of the United States, Edgefield, S. C.

_Issued at Boston, Mass.,
Dec. 26, 1896._

In response to this call, fifty gentlemen met at the Revere House on
Wednesday, January 20, and organized the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL
SOCIETY by signing the following agreement:

“We, the undersigned, by our subscription herewith, agree with the
other subscribers hereto to organize ourselves into a body to be
known as the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY of the United States,
whose object shall be the study of American history and whose
special line of work shall be the history of the Irish element in
the composition of the American people, and the investigation,
record and publication of the influence of that element in the
up-building of the nation.”

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, Lawrence, Mass.
JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE, Boston, Mass.
JOSEPH SMITH, Lowell, Mass.
EDWARD A. HALL, Springfield, Mass.
BERNARD E. DONIGAN, Lawrence, Mass.
TIMOTHY P. SULLIVAN, Concord, N. H.
JAMES F. BRENNAN, Peterboro, N. H.
HUGH J. CARROLL, Pawtucket, R. I.
BERNARD MCCAUGHEY, Pawtucket, R. I.
EDWARD F. RADIKIN, Pawtucket, R. I.
PETER J. HEFFERN, Pawtucket, R. I.
WILLIAM FARRELL, Pawtucket, R. I.
M. W. KELLIHER, M. D., Pawtucket, R. I.
JOHN C. LINEHAN, Penacook, N. H.
REV. TIMOTHY P. LINEHAN, Biddeford, Me.
REV. M. H. EGAN, Lebanon, N. H.
JAMES CUNNINGHAM, Portland, Me.
M. A. TOLAND, Boston, Mass.
GEORGE H. MOSES, Concord, N. H.
THOMAS B. SMITH, Lowell, Mass.
P. J. FLATLEY, Boston, Mass.
T. CARL O’BRIEN, Boston, Mass.
JOHN A. O’KEEFE, Lynn, Mass.
DANIEL DONOVAN, Lynn, Mass.
W. J. AHERN, Concord, N. H.
DAVID E. MURPHY, Concord, N. H.
MICHAEL J. MCNEIRNY, Gloucester, Mass.
JAS. H. CARMICHAEL, Lowell, Mass.
GEO. C. DEMPSEY, Lowell, Mass.
THOS. F. HARRINGTON, M. D., Lowell, Mass.
DR. PHILIP KILROY, Springfield, Mass.
THOMAS B. LAWLER, Worcester, Mass.
REV. JOHN J. MCCOY, Chicopee, Mass.
DR. PATRICK J. TIMMINS, South Boston, Mass.
J. W. FOGARTY, Roxbury, Mass.
JOHN E. LYNCH, Worcester, Mass.
FRANCIS P. MCKEON, Worcester, Mass.
M. J. HARSON, Providence, R. I.

[Illustration:

EDWARD A. MOSELEY

PRESIDENT-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

JOHN C. LINEHAN

TREASURER-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY

SECRETARY-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

THOMAS B. LAWLER

LIBRARIAN-ARCHIVIST
]

Several others were also present, but, coming in later, their signatures
to this agreement were not obtained. They included Hon. Thomas J. Gargan
and Osborne Howes, of Boston, Mass.; Charles A. De Courcy, of Lawrence,
Mass.; Dennis H. Sheahan, of Providence, R. I.; and Thomas Carroll, of
Peabody, Mass. Of these, Mr. Gargan, Mr. Howes, and Mr. Sheahan were
among the signers of the call for the meeting. All expressed themselves
in favor of the organization and a desire to be identified with it.

* * * * *

The following constitution was adopted:

_Preamble._

Believing that the part taken in the settlement, foundation, and
up-building of these United States by the Irish race has never
received proper recognition from historians, and inspired by love
for the republic, a pride in our blood and forefathers, and a desire
for historic truth, this society has met and organized.

Its mission is to give a plain recital of facts, to correct errors,
to supply omissions, to allay passions, to shame prejudice, and to
labor for right and truth.

While we, as loyal citizens of this republic, are earnestly
interested in all the various phases of its history, we feel that we
should be false to its honor and greatness and recreant to our own
blood if we did not make a serious effort to leave to those
generations which will follow us a clearer and better knowledge of
the important work done by men and women of the Irish race on this
continent. People of this race—men and women born on Irish soil—have
been here from the first, prompted in their flight by the motives
common to all immigration, dissatisfaction with the old order of
things, and the resolve to obtain a freer and better life in the new
land under new conditions.

And so we have come together—natives of Ireland, American sons of
Irish immigrants, and descendants of immigrants even unto the
seventh, eighth, and ninth American generations—to duly set forth
and perpetuate a knowledge of these things.

In the days to come, that lie in the womb of the future, when all
the various elements that have gone and are going to make the
republic great, are united in the American,—the man who in his
person will represent the bravest elements of all the old races of
earth,—we desire that the deeds and accomplishments of our element
shall be written in the book of the new race, telling what we did
and no more; giving us our rightful place by the side of the others.

To accomplish this is the purpose of this organization; it is a work
worthy of the sympathy and aid of every American who can rise above
the environment of to-day and look into the broad future. Fidelity,
truth, honor, are the watchwords of such a purpose, and under their
noble influence should our work be done.

_Article I.—Name._

This organization shall be known as the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL
SOCIETY.

_Article II.—Objects and Purposes._

The objects and purposes of this society are:

(1) The study of American history generally.

(2) To investigate, specially, the immigration of the people of
Ireland to this country, determine its numbers, examine the sources,
learn the places of its settlement; and estimate its influence on
contemporary events in war, legislation, religion, education, and
other departments of human activity.

(3) To examine records of every character, wherever found,
calculated to throw light on the work of the Irish element in this
broad land.

(4) To endeavor to correct erroneous, distorted, and false views of
history, where they are known, and to substitute therefor the truth
of history, based on documentary evidence and the best and most
reasonable tradition, in relation to the Irish race in America.

(5) To encourage and assist the formation of local societies in
American cities and towns for the work of the parent society.

(6) To promote and foster an honorable and national spirit of
patriotism, which will know no lines of division, which will be
based upon loyalty to the laws, institutions, and spirit of the
republic to whose up-building the Irish element has unselfishly
contributed in blood and treasure, a patriotism whose simple
watchwords will be true Americanism and human freedom, and which has
no concern for any man’s race, color, or creed, measuring him only
by his conduct, effort, and achievement.

(7) To promote by union in a common high purpose a sincere
fraternity, a greater emulation in well-doing, a closer confidence
and mutual respect among the various elements of the Irish race in
America, that, by putting behind them the asperities of the past,
they may unite in a common brotherhood with their fellow-citizens
for the honor of the race and the glory of the republic.

(8) To place the result of its historical investigations and
researches in acceptable literary form; to print, publish, and
distribute its documents to libraries, institutions of learning, and
among its members, in order that the widest dissemination of
historical truth may be obtained and placed within the reach of
historians and other writers and readers.

(9) To sift and discriminate every paper, sketch, document, bearing
on the society’s line of work, before the same is accepted and given
official sanction, in order that its publication may be a guarantee
of historical accuracy; to do its work without passion or prejudice,
to view accomplished facts in the true scientific historical spirit,
and, having reached the truth, to give it to the world.

_Article III.—Membership._

Any person, of good moral character, who is interested in the
special work of this society, shall be deemed eligible for
membership in the same. No tests other than that of character and
devotion to the society’s objects shall be applied to membership.

Every applicant for membership shall be recommended by two members
of the society before his application shall be considered by the
Secretary-General, and the application shall be accompanied by the
dues in the amounts laid down in the by-laws.

Members will be elected as follows: Candidates may send their
applications—for which blanks will be furnished—to the
Secretary-General, accompanied by the fee as provided in the
by-laws, and each application must be endorsed by two members of the
society. The Secretary-General shall submit the application to the
Executive Council, and a three-fourths vote of that body, by ballot
or otherwise, will be necessary to elect the candidate.

_Article IV.—Classes of Members._

The society shall comprise life members and annual members who shall
pay dues provided by the by-laws. The society may also choose
honorary and corresponding members who shall be exempt from dues but
shall not have the right to vote.

_Article V.—Officers._

The officers of the society shall consist of:

1. A President-General.

2. A Vice-President for each state and territory and for the
District of Columbia.

3. A Secretary-General.

4. A Treasurer-General.

5. A Librarian and Archivist.

6. An Historiographer.

7. An Executive Council.

(The word “General” herein to be considered equivalent to National.)

The officers of the society shall be elected annually.

_Article VI.—The President-General._

The duties of the President-General shall be to open and preside
over the society during its deliberations, to see that the
constitution is observed and the by-laws enforced, to appoint
committees, and exercise a watchful care over the interests of the
society, that its work may be properly done and its purposes adhered
to. In the absence of the President-General a presiding officer _pro
tem._ may be chosen.

_Article VII.—The Vice-Presidents._

It shall be the duty of the Vice-President of each state to
represent the President-General at all meetings of state chapters of
the society, and for the Vice-President of the state to which the
President-General belongs, or in which the meeting is held, to
represent him at all meetings of the parent society when he cannot
be present, and in his absence to act as chairman _pro tem._ In the
absence of both the President-General and state Vice-President, a
presiding officer _pro tem._ may be chosen from the assembled
members of the society.

_Article VIII.—The Secretary-General._

The Secretary-General shall keep a record of all the proceedings of
the society and the Executive Council; he shall have charge of the
seal and records; he shall issue and sign in conjunction with the
President-General all charters granted to the subsidiary chapters,
and shall with him certify to all acts of the society. He shall,
upon orders from the President-General, give due notice of time and
place of all meetings of the body; give notice to the several
officers of all votes, resolutions, orders, and proceedings of the
body affecting them or appertaining to their respective offices, and
perform such other duties as may be assigned him.

_Article IX.—The Treasurer-General._

The Treasurer-General shall collect and receive all dues, funds, and
securities, and deposit the same to the credit of the AMERICAN-IRISH
HISTORICAL SOCIETY, in such banking institution as may be approved
by the Executive Council. This money shall be drawn to the check of
the Treasurer-General for the purposes of the society and to pay
such sums as may be ordered by the Executive Council of the society
in meeting, said orders to be countersigned by the President-General
and Secretary-General. He must keep a full and accurate account of
all receipts and disbursements, and at each annual meeting shall
render the same to the society when a committee shall be appointed
by the President-General to audit his accounts. He shall present at
annual or special meetings a list of members in arrears.

_Article X.—The Librarian and Archivist._

The Librarian and Archivist shall be the custodian of all published
books, pamphlets, files of newspapers, and similar property of the
society. He shall have charge of all documents, manuscripts, and
other productions not assigned by this constitution to other
officers of the society, and shall keep the same in a place or
places easy of access and safe from loss by fire or other causes.

_Article XI.—The Historiographer._

The Historiographer, or official historian, of the society shall
perform the duties usually pertaining to that office.

_Article XII.—The Executive Council._

The Executive Council shall consist of the President-General,
Secretary-General, Treasurer-General, Librarian and Archivist,
Historiographer, and not less than ten nor more than twenty other
members to be elected by the society. The Executive Council shall be
judge of the qualifications of applicants for admission, and if
satisfactory, shall elect the same. The Council shall recommend
plans for promoting the objects of the society, digest and prepare
business, authorize the disbursement and expenditure of
unappropriated money in the treasury for the current expenses of the
society; shall prepare and edit—or cause to be prepared and
edited—contributions of an historical or literary character bearing
on the special work of the society, for publication and
distribution; may appropriate funds for the expenses of special
branches of research for historical data and for the purchase of
works to form a library for the society whenever it shall have a
permanent home and headquarters. The Council shall have power to
fill vacancies in offices until the annual meeting, exercise a
supervisory care over the affairs of the society, and perform such
other duties as may be intrusted to them. At a meeting of the
Executive Council five members shall constitute a quorum.

_Article XIII.—Meetings._

The annual meeting of this society shall be held on the third
Wednesday in January, at a place to be selected by the Executive
Council. A field day of the body shall be held during the summer of
each year at such time and place as the Executive Council shall
select, due regard being given to the convenience of the greatest
number, and, as far as possible, the meeting place selected shall be
one whose historical associations are of interest to American
citizens.

The annual meeting shall be for the purpose of electing officers,
hearing reports, and transacting such other business as may come
properly before it. There shall be four stated meetings each year.

Special meetings may be called at any time by the Executive Council.

_Article XIV.—Subsidiary Societies._

Chapters of the parent society may be established in any city or
town in the United States upon the petition of ten persons for a
charter, and such charter shall be issued upon payment of the sum
designated for such in the by-laws.

The President, Secretary, Treasurer, Librarian, and Historiographer
of all subsidiary societies shall be admitted to all meetings of the
parent society as members during their term of office, with all the
privilege of membership except that of voting.

_Article XV.—Amendments._

Amendments to the constitution shall be submitted to the Executive
Council through the Secretary-General at least thirty days before
the meeting of the society. A vote of two-thirds of the members
present at the meeting shall be necessary for the adoption of such
amendments.

BY-LAWS.

1. The initiation fee shall be three dollars.[1] The annual
membership fee shall be three dollars, payable not later than the
first day of February in each year.

Footnote 1:

The requirement that an initiation fee be paid is not yet
enforced.

2. Payment of fifty dollars in advance at one time shall constitute
a life membership. Life members shall be exempt from further
membership dues.

3. The Executive Council shall provide for each regular meeting of
the society an address, essay, or paper dealing with some topic in
the society’s line of work.

4. A copy of all original productions read before the society shall
be requested for deposit in the society’s archives.

5. The annual field-day program shall include an oration, poem, and
dinner. Other features of an appropriate nature may be added.

6. A fraternal spirit shall be cultivated with other American
historical bodies. The society shall also keep in touch with
historical organizations in Ireland, France, and other countries.

7. Any person elected to membership in this society who fails to pay
his initiation fee within one year from the date of his election
shall, having been duly notified by the Secretary-General, be
considered as having forfeited his right to membership and his
election shall be canceled.

8. A member, neglecting for two years to pay his annual fee, shall
be notified of such omission by the Secretary-General. Still
neglecting for three months to pay the dues, such delinquent member
shall be dropped as no longer belonging to the society.

9. The stated meetings of the society shall be held in January,
April, July, and October. The President-General upon receiving a
request in writing, signed by ten members, asking for a special
meeting, shall cause the said meeting to be convened forthwith.

10. Ten members shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the
society, except stated meetings when fifteen members shall be
necessary.

11. The general order of business at meetings of the society shall
be as follows:

_a._ Minutes of previous meeting.
_b._ Report of Executive Council on candidates for membership.
_c._ Balloting on candidates for membership.
_d._ Reports of officers and committees.
_e._ Unfinished business.
_f._ New business.
_g._ Adjournment

12. When not otherwise provided, _Cushing’s Manual_ shall be the
authority on points of procedure at meetings of the society.

13. No part of these by-laws shall be amended, altered, or repealed,
unless proposition is submitted in writing covering the proposed
amendment at least thirty days before the meeting when it is to be
acted upon, when, if two-thirds of the members present and voting
express themselves in favor of the change, the same shall be made.

After the reception and introduction of those present, dinner was
served. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan presided, having as his guest Paul B. Du
Chaillu, the noted explorer, author of _The Viking Age_, _The Land of
the Midnight Sun_, and numerous other works.

Upon the conclusion of the dinner, Mr. Gargan arose and said:

“In the name of the committee who have issued the call for the
organization of an American Historical Society, whose special line
of research shall be the history of the Irish element in the
composition of the American people, I congratulate you on the
success of this initial movement and bid you a cordial welcome to
this meeting.

“But little has yet been done to show how much the sons of Ireland
and their descendants have contributed to the settlement, to the
civilization and reclamation of this country, as also to its
liberation from oppression.

“In our proposed work we will discard the legendary and the
mythical. We recognize that we are living in a scientific age at the
end of the nineteenth century, the age of the microscope and the
X-ray, and we ask for the acceptance of no historical data that will
not bear the modern search-light and that is not sufficiently
proven.

“We claim that due credit has not been given to the Irish
contributions. That through prejudice or through gross ignorance
there has grown up a myth about the Scotch-Irish. Of all the myths
that have crept into history this is the most mythical. Why any man
should be ashamed of his honorable Irish ancestry surpasses my
comprehension and subjects the man who attempts to deny it to the
scorn and contempt of all honest and intelligent men.

[Illustration:

THOMAS J. GARGAN
BOSTON, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE
BOSTON, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

JOHN D. CRIMMINS
NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

JOSEPH SMITH
LOWELL, MASS.
]

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

“Descendants of Irishmen may well feel proud of the honorable part
which the Irish race has borne in the settlement and development of
the country. As early as 1649, Cromwell, by his cruel policy,
transported 45,000 of them beyond the seas. A large number came to
Barbadoes. Many of them afterwards came to the continent of North
America.

“The revolution of 1688 in England, and the acts of British
Parliament to discourage manufactures in Ireland, drove 100,000
operatives out of Ireland, and a writer of that time says multitudes
of them went to America.

“In 1729 a writer stated that 3000 males left Ulster yearly for the
American colonies. And the arrivals at the port of Philadelphia for
1729 are set down as: English and Welsh, 267; Scotch, 43; German,
343; Irish, 5655, or a proportion of ten Irish immigrants to one
from all other European nations. This constant influx continued,
though not in so great proportion. So we see what an important
factor they were in the settlement of the colonies.

“James Logan, of Lurgan, Ire., came over with William Penn, and
complaint was made against him that public Mass was permitted in the
colony.

“The name of Logan has through all our history been honorably
identified with every step of our progress. In 1729 several families
came from Longford, Ire., who were landed at Cape Cod, but made
their way to New York. Among them was Charles Clinton, whose three
children became historical men in the annals of New York. The colony
of Maryland was largely settled from Ireland; the Carrolls, whose
names are indissolubly associated with American history, coming to
the colony in 1689.

“In 1710 we find in Virginia along the Blue Ridge, in what are now
the counties of Patrick and Rockbridge, the McDowells,
Breckenridges, McDuffies, McGruders, and others, and the two rivers
Mayo, and the towns called McGaheysville, Healysville,
Kennedysville, McFarland, Lynchburg, and Kinsdale,—all names that
tell us plainly what was the origin of the settlers.

“In 1737 an Irish settlement was established on the Santee River in
South Carolina, and the historian of that time says none has
furnished so many settlers to this province as Ireland.

“In 1746 Daniel Boone commenced the settlement of Kentucky, and had
with him Hugh McGrady, also Harland and McBride.

“In the Massachusetts Bay Colonies, prejudices against natives of
Ireland existed almost from the settlement of the colony. There were
restrictions as to land, and in 1720 the General Court warned
settlers from Ireland to leave the colony within seven months.

“As you all know, in 1737 the Charitable Irish Society was founded
here in Boston by twenty-six natives of Ireland, Robert Duncan
heading the list. William Hall was the first president, and in that
list of names are the founders of many distinguished Boston
families, some of whom, I am sorry to say, are not inclined to own
their origin, or choose rather to call themselves Scotch-Irish, an
appellation which their ancestors would have despised. We find at
Concord the burial place of Hugh Cargill, born in Ballyshannon, who
came to this country, in 1744, a poor emigrant, acquiring no mean
estate, leaving as a legacy the Stratton farm to the town of Concord
to be used for the poor.

“There also came to Massachusetts the Limerick schoolmaster, John
O’Sullivan, a name illustrious in our country’s annals. One of his
sons was General Sullivan, of Revolutionary fame. One of his lineal
descendants, Mr. Russell Sullivan, the well-known author, is one of
the signers of our roll. There were Higginses and Reillys at
Plymouth and along the shores of Cape Cod.

“One of the Indian transfers of land was to one of the Reillys.

“One of the most distinguished Irishmen who came to New England was
George Berkely, a native of Kilkenny. Born near Thomaston, he came
here to found a college for the civilization of the Indians. He is
best remembered by his poems. Those of you who have visited the
national capitol at Washington will see in fresco on the walls at
the foot of the stairway portrayed by the brush of the artist in
almost speaking pictures the story of the settlement and
civilization of the United States, and you will see inscribed the
lines which gave the artist inspiration, written by George Berkely:

Westward the course of empire takes its way;
The four first acts already past,
A fifth shall close the drama with the day:
Time’s noblest offspring is the last.

“Yet we should not be vainglorious. We are but representatives of
many nations who from the earliest settlement of the country have
helped to plant here free institutions, but we are not intruders,
nor are we here by the tolerance of any party. We live here under
the constitution and laws of the country, and are vitally interested
in its well-being and future prosperity. We, of this generation,
decline to accept that series of lies which English historians and
their imitators have agreed upon as truthful history of what the
Irish have done in this country or any other country.

“We propose to investigate facts and ask for their impartial
consideration.

“The object of this association is to call to mind those noble types
of men and women that the Irish race have sent here, that we may
receive credit for our fair share in the development and maintenance
of a government founded upon manhood.”

Hon. John C. Linehan spoke briefly, saying: “I think there is not a
prouder title than that of American citizen. I am proud of it. I
glory in it. But as I believe that a man who cannot love his mother
cannot love his wife, a man who is false to the land of his birth
can never be true to the land of his adoption. New Hampshire
presents a rich field for the society’s research.

“Our first governor was an Irishman. Darby Field, an Irish soldier,
discovered the White Mountains, and there was not a battle of the
French and Indian wars in which Irish blood was not spilt just as
freely as in the battles of the Civil War.

“If we do our work, the American people, of whatever birth, will put
the present Scotch-Irish myth where it belongs.”

Joseph Smith, secretary of the Lowell Police Board, urged work on
the part of every member. “We cannot deal in hurrah business,” he
said. “We must produce the cold documents and facts that no one can
dispute, and eliminate from history its imaginary and fictitious
bluffs. All must work in investigation in their own towns and
vicinity. We must organize in every town and city, and every year
have a meeting of this parent society to garner and publish our
discovered and compiled facts. This cold documentary evidence cannot
be disputed, and falsehood and fiction will cease.”

Osborne Howes, the seventh in line from an Irish settler of Cape
Cod, said it was not so much a matter of self-laudation, but to
create a spirit in the people. He believed in the necessity of a
race living up to its ideal, and the higher the ideal could be
placed the better for all of the race; they will have something to
look forward to, something to eliminate.

Paul Du Chaillu heartily endorsed the purpose as a most laudable
one. “But don’t be self-laudable,” he advised, “you want the facts,
the truth; unearth the truth for truth’s sake; present it to the
world and don’t be afraid of opposition. Defy it.”

Charles A. De Courcey, of Lawrence, spoke of the feeling and
experience and slurs cast upon every school child of Irish parentage
in the past, and to some extent to-day. “We were foreign. We did not
feel at home. But we began to know. We began to feel at home. We
learned of our race’s participation in the up-building of the
nation. We will prove our part in America’s history; then the
children as Americans can feel as Americans.”

The Rev. John J. McCoy, in an able speech, declared: “The records
are so honorable that, although it is rather late to make the start,
we all ought to find very pleasant work in assisting to look them
up.”

Editor George H. Moses, of the _Concord Monitor_, Senator Chandler’s
paper, ex-Mayor Hugh J. Carroll, of Pawtucket, and Hon. P. J.
Flatley, of Boston, made speeches, urging the conduct of the
research with true historic spirit.

Mr. Flatley, in his impromptu speech, handled the “Scotch-Irish”
myth without gloves.

The following officers were elected:

Rear-Admiral Richard Worsam Meade, U. S. Navy (retired),
President-General; Thomas Hamilton Murray, Pawtucket, R. I.,
Secretary-General; Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.,
Treasurer-General; Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass., Librarian
Archivist; Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, New York; James Jeffrey Roche,
Boston; Augustus St. Gaudens, New York; Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston;
Dr. Thomas Dunn English, Newark, N. J.; Prof. Maurice F. Egan,
Washington; Edward A. Moseley, Washington; Robert Ellis Thompson,
Philadelphia; T. Russell Sullivan, Boston; Joseph Smith, Lowell,
Executive Committee.

The vice-presidents are: Massachusetts, Osborne Howes, Boston;
Connecticut, Joseph Swords, Hartford; Maine, James Cunningham; Rhode
Island, M. J. Harson, Providence; Vermont, T. W. Maloney; New York, Gen.
James R. O’Beirne; New Jersey, Hon. William McAdoo; District of
Columbia, J. D. O’Connell, Washington; Pennsylvania, Gen. St. Clair
Mulholland, Philadelphia; South Carolina, Hon. Matthew C. Butler;
Georgia, Hon. Patrick Walsh; Ohio, Rev. George W. Pepper, Cleveland;
Michigan, Thomas A. Weadock, Detroit; New Hampshire, T. B. Sullivan,
Concord.

The position of historiographer has been left vacant until a subsequent
meeting of the executive body.

Mr. Joseph Smith, of Lowell, in behalf of the committee appointed to
prepare a constitution and by-laws, submitted a report, and the same met
with the unanimous approval of the gathering. The preamble is as
follows:

Believing that the part taken in the settlement, foundation, and
up-building of these United States by the Irish race has never received
proper recognition from historians, and inspired by love for the
republic, a pride in our blood and forefathers, and a desire for
historic truth, this society has met and organized.

Its mission is to give a plain recital of facts, to correct errors, to
supply omissions, to allay passions, to shame prejudice, and to labor
for right and truth.

While we, as loyal citizens of this republic, are earnestly interested
in all the various phases of its history, we feel that we should be
false to its honor and greatness, and recreant to our own blood, if we
did not make a serious effort to leave to those generations which follow
us a clearer and better knowledge of the important work done by men and
women of the Irish race on this continent. People of this race—men and
women born on Irish soil—have been here from the first, prompted in
their flight by the motives common to all immigration,—dissatisfaction
with the old order of things and the resolve to obtain a freer and
better life in the new land under new conditions.

And so we have come together—natives of Ireland, American sons of Irish
immigrants, and descendants of immigrants even unto the seventh, eighth,
and ninth American generations—duly to set forth and perpetuate a
knowledge of these things.

In the days to come, that lie in the womb of the future, when all the
various elements that have gone and are going to make the republic great
are united in the American,—the man who in his person will represent the
bravest elements of all the old races of earth,—we desire that the deeds
and accomplishments of our element shall be written in the book of the
new race, telling what we did, and no more; giving us our rightful place
by the side of others.

To accomplish this is the purpose of this organization; it is a work
worthy of the sympathy and aid of every American who can rise above the
environment of to-day and look into the broad future. Fidelity, truth,
honor are the watchwords of such a purpose, and under their noble
influence should our work be done.

Thomas Hamilton Murray, secretary of the meeting, was then introduced
and stated that letters expressive of interest in the organization,
acknowledging an invitation or giving an expression of opinion, had been
received from a large number of people. The list of writers included the
following:

HON. GEORGE F. HOAR,
United States senator from Massachusetts.

REAR-ADMIRAL RICHARD W. MEADE, U. S. N.
(Retired), Philadelphia, Pa., and Washington, D. C.

HON. THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH,
Newark, N. J.

DR. THOMAS ADDIS EMMET,
New York City.

SAMUEL SWETT GREEN,
Worcester, Mass. (of the American Antiquarian Society).

HENRY STODDARD RUGGLES,
Wakefield, Mass. (of the Sons of the Revolution).

HON. DANIEL H. HASTINGS,
Governor of Pennsylvania.

PRESIDENT TYLER,
Of the college of William and Mary, Virginia.

PRESIDENT LEE,
Of Washington and Lee University, Virginia.

PRESIDENT MORRISSEY,
Of the University of Notre Dame, Indiana.

REV. DR. CONATY,
Rector of the Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

PROVOST HARRISON,
Of the University of Pennsylvania.

H. B. ADAMS,
Professor of American and Institutional history, Johns Hopkins
University.

W. M. SLOANE,
Professor of history, Princeton College, New Jersey.

EX-GOVERNOR WALLER,
Of Connecticut.

GEN. FRANCIS A. WALKER,
Boston, Mass.

EDWARD A. MOSELEY,
Washington, D. C.

REV. J. GRAY BOLTON, D. D.,
(Presbyterian), Philadelphia, Pa.

REV. CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY,
Philadelphia, Pa. (Protestant Episcopal archdeacon of Pennsylvania).

REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER,
(Methodist), Cleveland, O.

REV. GEORGE C. BETTS,
(Protestant Episcopalian), Goshen, N. Y.

REV. THOMAS J. SHAHAN,
Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

HON. PATRICK WALSH,
Augusta, Ga. (ex-United States senator).

HON. THOMAS A. E. WEADOCK,
Detroit, Mich. (ex-member of Congress).

COL. D. S. LAMSON,
Weston, Mass.

JOHN P. DONAHUE,
Wilmington, Del. (national commander, Union Veteran Legion).

HON. JOHN COCHRANE,
President of the New York Society of the Cincinnati.

REV. W. A. MCDERMOTT,
(“Walker Lecky”) Redwood, N. Y.

LETTERS OF WARM APPROVAL.

The following are the letters that were received:

_From Admiral Meade._

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 8, 1896.

DEAR MR. ROCHE:—Your note of November 26 with its enclosure has only
just reached me here. In reply I would say that you are at liberty
to enroll my name as you desire. My ancestor, Robert Meade, who died
in this city in August, 1754, was an Irish gentleman, who, having to
choose between his conscience and his native land, chose to leave
his native land for the sake of conscience and to cast in his lot
with the people of the New World. He was one of the “Wild Geese.”
His son, George Meade, born in this city, Feb. 27, 1741, died here
in 1808. His life has been written for the volumes of the American
Catholic Historical Society of this city. He was a patriot of the
finest type, and his name is on the Roll of Honor in Independence
Hall in this city.

Since then four generations have borne the name of Richard Worsam
Meade, and all, I believe, with honor. My father’s younger brother,
George Gordon Meade, is sufficiently well known to the country in
connection with Gettysburg. In the life of George Meade, alluded to
above, you will see what _I_ say about “Irishmen.”

My father’s mother was Margaret Butler, of this city, and she also
traced her ancestry to a famous strain of Norman-Irish blood.

No, sir! None of the Meades or Butlers are ashamed of their Irish
lineage! Rather the contrary do we rejoice that our forefathers came
from the Emerald Isle, the land of dauntless men and pure women, and
that they represented the best blood of the Island.

Very truly yours,
R. W. MEADE, 3d,
Rear-Admiral, U. S. N.

_From the Governor of Pennsylvania._

January 11, 1897.

MY DEAR SIR:—It would give me great pleasure to unite with yourself
and other gentlemen who are interested in recording the relation and
influence of Americans of Irish birth or lineage to the history of
our country, were it possible for me to be away from the Capitol on
the 20th inst. I am in entire sympathy with the movement and hope to
render assistance along the lines indicated in your letter. My
father was born in Londonderry and came to this country when a
youth. I believe I am entitled to membership in the proposed
organization.

Very truly yours,
DANIEL H. HASTINGS.

_From the Rev. Dr. Shahan._

WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 18, 1897.

DEAR CAPTAIN TOBIN:—I regret to say that it will be practically
impossible to go to Boston. I cannot very well leave all the work I
have on hand, and I must go back again the following week, for
Monday, the 25th, to Hartford. But I am entirely in favor of the
good work, and I hope that from the beginning it will be a success.
I regret again very much that so many duties all crowd in on the end
of January, and make it impossible to be with so many men of one
mind and one race next Wednesday. If members are proposed, please
put me down as one.

Yours sincerely,
THOMAS J. SHAHAN.

Judge Smith, of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, wrote:

“I have just read the letter which you kindly sent me, giving in
outline the scope and purpose of the proposed Historical Society and
bearing the names of many distinguished citizens. I am very much
pleased with the project and gratified to see that so many eminent
gentlemen have become interested in the movement, and regret that
official duties will prevent my attendance at the initial meeting.
That the undertaking is needful and timely, the letter well
demonstrates, and the broad foundation indicated will undoubtedly
attract the moral and material support of all American citizens who
want nothing but the truth recorded and preserved in the archives of
history. May success attend the noble work of vindicating the worth
and memory of a superior race!”

Henry Stoddard Ruggles, of Wakefield, wrote:

“Your proposal to found a society devoted to the preservation of
records of the services of Irishmen in the colonization and
subsequent history of America meets my approval. Although the
biographies of some of the early pioneers of that race have been
carefully and fully treated, owing to the devotion of their
descendants to their memory, only a very small part has ever been
written of the history of the stock as a whole, and some of their
achievements have, through prejudice, been ascribed to another
people. Many Protestants of Irish derivation are claiming a Scotch
lineage for their immigrant ancestor, which he would have
repudiated; and yet they are often innocent of intent to mislead; so
thoroughly in certain quarters has the theory been nursed, that
Protestant Irishmen, particularly those from the northern province,
are invariably descended from the Scotch blood. As an American in
the ninth American generation, who, by the services of three great
grandfathers in the armies of the Revolution, holds membership in
both the ‘Sons of the Revolution’ and ‘Sons of the American
Revolution,’ and as a member of the ‘Essex Institute’ and ‘Roxbury
Military Historical Society,’ both devoted to historical research, I
naturally desire that all branches of our country’s history should
receive the attention they deserve. That a race so prolific, so
inwrought with the old stock of the land, so productive of men of
mark and merit, should till now remain without a representative
society to defend its record and its heroes, is most surprising.
That it is soon to have such we may rest assured from the names of
its sponsors, who are a guaranty of success.”

_From Rt. Rev. Dr. Conaty._

WORCESTER, Nov. 20, 1896.

MY DEAR SIR:—I am in full accord with a movement toward the
establishment of an American Historical Society, according to the
lines projected by you. The object is most praiseworthy, and the
results will be most valuable. It is a shame for us that so much
valuable matter has been lost because of no medium of salvation. Let
us save what we can, and gather together the records of our race in
the fields of literature, patriotism, business, and professional
life. The story has not been fully written; but when this has been
done, it will be found that our people have done their share in the
work of civilization, liberty, and letters in the great Republic,
for the preservation of which so many generously gave their lives.

You have my best wishes, and you can depend upon my earnest
coöperation.

Yours very truly,
THOMAS J. CONATY.

_From Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet._

NEW YORK, Jan. 4, 1897.

DEAR SIR:—I am too much occupied with my professional engagements to
be able to get away from home at this season, and I will therefore
not be able to attend the meeting for organizing the society on
January 20. But I am in close sympathy with the movement, and
believe that there exists a large and promising field for an Irish
Historical Society in this country. This opinion is based on the
fact that during a long life I have devoted the greater part of my
leisure time to the study of American history. Until recently I
possessed probably the largest library and the largest collection of
autographic documents bearing on American history ever held by one
individual. From my knowledge thus gained, I am firmly of the
conviction that the Irish, by birth or descent, have contributed
during the past two hundred years, and from every station in life,
more in number, more brain work and muscle for the development of
the country at large than has been furnished by every other
nationality of the world combined.

With some experience in getting up such an undertaking, I will take
the liberty of making a suggestion: The success of the proposed
society will rest entirely, I believe, on one feature—putting it in
the hands of young men, who must be put forward with the
responsibility to do the work. It is but proper that the older men
should make the first move, give it their support and contribute
hereafter so far as they may be able to do; but unless the young men
become interested in the undertaking, and sufficiently to be willing
to do the work, it will prove a failure.

Yours very truly,
THOMAS ADDIS EMMET.

_From Hon. E. A. Moseley._

WASHINGTON, January 6.

DEAR SIR:—I am very glad indeed to know that there will be an
American Historical Society whose special line of research will be
the history of the Irish element in this country, and I will
cheerfully aid in the work as far as I can.

I am ninth in descent from Lieut. Thaddeus Clark, who came from
Ireland and died in Portland, May 16, 1690. He was lieutenant of a
company of men engaged in the defense of Falmouth, now Portland,
during the Indian War. He fell into ambuscade with his company while
making a reconnoitre, and was killed with twelve of his men.

I am eleventh in descent from Deputy-Governor George Cleeves, who
was the founder of Portland, formerly Falmouth. I have the
impression that he was an Irishman also.

I am sixth in descent from Lieut. John Brown, of Belfast, Me., who
came with his father from Londonderry, Ire., and was one of the
settlers of Londonderry, N. H. He was chairman of the first Board of
Selectmen of Belfast, Me., chosen Nov. 11, 1773–75. He removed from
Londonderry, N. H. While residing in Londonderry, he had been a
commissioned officer in the Provincial Army, and had served in the
French War. He was one of the Committee of Safety and Inspection.

If I had the time for research, I feel that I could find others of
my ancestors who came from Ireland.

With kindest regards, sincerely yours,
EDWARD A. MOSELEY.

_From the National Commander of the Union Veteran Legion._

WILMINGTON, Del., January 20.

RESPECTED SIR:—I am in hearty sympathy with your proposed
organization, and should feel myself honored by being considered a
member of it, and will work to the best of my ability to accomplish
the desired purpose in the limited field presented to me in this
state of Delaware. I am now engaged in convention at Dover,
Delaware, framing a new constitution for our state, and will have
more leisure when that has been accomplished. In the meantime I beg
to assure you of my sincere thanks and high appreciation at the
honor conferred upon me by yourself and honorable colleagues in so
worthy a movement, and have the honor to remain,

Very truly,
JNO. P. DONAHOE,
National Commander.

_From Samuel Swett Green, Librarian of Worcester._

“Thank you for sending me a circular regarding the historical
society, which it is in contemplation to form for the purpose of
promoting the study of the work which has been done by Irishmen in
furthering the interests of the American Colonies and the United
States. It is natural and commendable for residents of the United
States, born in foreign countries or descended from persons born
outside of this country, that, while esteeming the institutions of
this land and having a patriotic interest in its welfare, they
should at the same time retain warm affection for the mother country
and a strong interest in the doings of its sons. Because such
persons love a new country, there is no reason why they should cease
to love the old country. They would show a lack of right feeling
were they to do so. I heartily favor the formation of societies by
studious people interested in the history of different elements of
our population, and should think that Americans of Irish origin
would find the study of the history of the Irish in this country
especially interesting and profitable. They would find, I should
think, a rich return in striving to bring to light incidents in
their history by forming a society with this purpose in view.”

_From Ex-U. S. Senator Patrick Walsh._

AUGUSTA, Ga., Sept. 8, 1896.

DEAR SIR:—I am in receipt of your favor of August 31, enclosing
proof of an article in reference to the formation of an
“American-Irish Historical Society.” I have read the announcement
with pleasure, and I most cordially endorse the object in view. The
history of the Irish race in America should be written. In peace and
in war citizens of Irish birth have always been faithful to the
United States. I regret to say that I do not very well see, at this
time, how I can be present at your first meeting, but I beg to
assure you of my most hearty approval of the proposed American-Irish
Historical Society.

Yours very sincerely,
PATRICK WALSH.

_From Theodore Roosevelt._

NEW YORK, Jan. 13, 1897.

MY DEAR MR. ROCHE:—I regret extremely that I cannot be present at
the opening meeting of the Association. All these associations do
good. We are a new people, derived from many race strains, and
different from any one of them, and it is a good thing to have
brought before us our diversity in race origin. Like most New
Yorkers, whose American ancestry goes back for more than two
centuries, I have an ancestral right to belong to several societies
of this kind, and I enjoy equally attending the dinners of the
Hollander, the Huguenot, the Scotchman, and the Irishman. It seems
to me the one lesson to be remembered always by those who belong to
these associations is that in time their descendants will most
surely have the right to belong to many other similar associations;
for in time the different strains of blood will all be blended
together, English and Irish, German and French. When that time
comes, and before it, the chief thing for all of us to keep in mind
is that we must be good Americans, purely as such, no matter what be
our creed or our ancestry in Europe.

Very sincerely yours,
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

_From Senator Hoar._

WORCESTER, Mass., Nov. 12, 1896.

DEAR MR. MURRAY:—I think your plan for an historical society is
excellent. The facts in regard to this most important contribution
to our national life ought to be collected and preserved. If, as I
am sure they will, they are collected and preserved in the true
historic spirit, without concealing or slurring over, or
exaggerating anything, they will be of great value. Let no Irishman
be ashamed of his origin or the humble condition from which so many
of his countrymen came. The Irish race has done a great service to
America. They made a splendid contribution toward saving our
national life during the Rebellion. The story of their generosity
and affection for the kindred they left behind is one of the most
touching and stirring in history. But they have had, have now, and
will continue to have for a good while to come, grave faults. To say
this is only to say that they are human. Do not be afraid to record
their faults as well as their virtues, and the faithful portraiture
will be one well deserving a place in our nation’s gallery.

I am, with high regard, faithfully yours,
GEORGE F. HOAR.

_From the Protestant Episcopal Archdeacon of Pennsylvania._

PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 8, 1897.

MY DEAR SIR:—I have seen a notice of the meeting called for the
evening of the 21st of January, at the Revere House, Boston, for the
organization of an American Historical Society, whose special line
of research is to be the history of the Irish element in the
composition of the American people.

Although unable to be present, to my great regret, I very much
desire to be counted one of the charter members of the society when
it is organized. I am a member of the Society of the Sons of the
Revolution, and my name, as well as my family history, indicates my
Celtic descent, a derivation of which I am very proud.

I think the purposes of such a society are admirable, and if I can
do anything to further its objects I shall be delighted. Kindly
advise me of the receipt of this letter at your convenience, and
oblige,

Very sincerely yours,
C. T. BRADY,
Archdeacon of Pennsylvania.

_From Dr. Thomas Dunn English._

NEWARK, N. J., January 11.

DEAR SIR:—My age and consequent infirmities prevent me from
attending too many night meetings in a month. I have promised to be
present on the 16th at the annual dinner of the Alumni of the
University of Pennsylvania, and on the 25th to attend the Burns
celebration of the Newark Caledonian Club. This is about as much as
I can attend to without endangering my health. I regret, however, my
enforced absence, because I have a cordial sympathy with the
proposed movement. As a descendant on my father’s side through over
two centuries of American ancestors from Norman-Irish stock, and
more immediately on my mother’s side from the Gaelic, I naturally
take an interest in all that concerns the honor and reputation of my
lineage. I therefore beg of you to place my name on the list of
original members when you organize.

I have a further interest in the matter as a native American
desiring that our federal and state historical records should be
accurate and complete. Writers covering the part played by Irishmen
in this country’s history generally confine themselves to services
rendered during a revolutionary and post-revolutionary wars; and
these the enemies of Ireland constantly depreciate, and the friends
of Ireland sometimes exaggerate. Both sides lose sight of the fact
that very much is due to Irish efforts in the colonization of the
country and in its civil and social development. The society
proposed will be able to show how much the Quaker Irish in
Philadelphia and its vicinity, the Catholic Irish in Maryland, and
bodies and individuals of them elsewhere on the seaboard did to
develop our civilization and promote our progress. The society will
have a rich and poorly worked mine of historical wealth in another
quarter. The Appalachian and Alleghanian ranges and their immediate
valleys found large numbers of Irish settlers among the pioneers,
and from Londonderry in New Hampshire to Murphy and Coleraine in
Georgia, there extends a long line of settlements where many
customs, terms, phrases, and modes of thought and action attest the
country of the founders. “The dark and bloody ground” of Kentucky
has among its residents so many with Hibernian names, though the
sept mark of O’ has been dropped in many cases, the Macs being more
adherent, that in calling off the assessment rolls in some quarters
it would seem to the hearer as though he had dropped in upon the
meeting of some Irish society.

With my best wishes for the thorough success of the proposed
organization,

I am yours truly,
THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH.

_From Gen. Francis A. Walker._

BOSTON, Nov. 25, 1896.

MY DEAR SIR:—Your letter of the 18th inst., enclosing a cutting
relating to the proposed new historical society, arrived during my
absence from the city. As regards the desirability of thorough
investigation into the early history of the Irish element of our
American population, there can be no question whatever. The
confusion that has arisen regarding the several constituents of the
Irish immigration—as witnessed, for example, in the general use of
the word Scotch-Irish, applied indifferently to persons of pure
English, pure Scotch, and pure Irish blood—shows abundantly the need
of careful dispassionate research; and all should rejoice to see the
work undertaken in the most effective way.

The question whether such an investigation should be begun and
carried on through existing historical societies and agencies, or
through the organization of a new society specifically for this
object, is one regarding which my opinion would be of little value.
My life has not been mainly devoted to historical investigation;
and, even where I have worked by myself in this field, I have, I
fear, been a very poor member of the several historical societies to
which I belong.

I am, dear Sir, Faithfully yours,
FRANCIS A. WALKER.

_From Rev. J. Gray Bolton, D. D._

1906 Pine Street, PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 16, 1897.

MY DEAR SIR:—I regret that other duties will prevent me from being
with you on Wednesday, January 20, 1897. I assure you that I am in
hearty accord with the purpose of your organization. The Irish race
owe it to themselves and their successors to leave a united history
of an undivided people in America. One of the noblest
characteristics of the Irishman is that he is religious, and has
enough of religion to be willing to fight for it. But God forbid
that this should in any way hinder in telling the united story of
our people. The Irish Catholic and the Irish Presbyterian have more
than once stood together for liberal government in Ireland. And the
Irish Presbyterian and Irish Catholic stood together here when
Washington was leading the people from under the yoke of oppressive
taxation without representation. The Irish-American has a place and
a name in this glorious country of ours, and as we fought for our
freedom and then for the Union we will live—and, if need be, fight
side by side to maintain it.

I am truly yours,
J. GRAY BOLTON, D. D.

_From Rev. John J. McCoy, P. R._

CHICOPEE, Mass., Jan. 3, 1897.

DEAR SIR:—For some twelve years and more I have been doing some work
in looking up the records of our people here in New England,
especially the records of their church building. During that time I
felt the great need of some such society as you now have in
intention, and I hail your work as most opportune and useful. Make
me one of you and kindly tell me what is to be done to have active
participation in the society’s work.

Truly yours,
(REV.) JNO. J. MCCOY, P. R.

The second meeting of the society was held in accordance with the
following invitation:

DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the second meeting of the
American-Irish Historical Society will be held at the Revere House
in Boston, Mass., Monday evening, April 19, 1897 (the anniversary of
the battle of Lexington, Concord, and Cambridge).

There will be a business session of the society at 6.30 P.M.,
followed, at 7 o’clock, by a dinner and post-prandial exercises
appropriate to the anniversary.

At the business session, action will be taken on the completion of
the constitution and by-laws, the admission of new members, and on
such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

The price of dinner tickets has been placed at $1.50 each. They are
now ready.

The after-dinner features will include:

(1) A reading, “Paul Revere’s Ride,” by Mr. Thomas A. Santry, of
Lawrence, Mass.

(2) A paper by the Secretary-General on “The Irish Bacons who
Settled at Dedham, Mass., in 1640,” one of whose descendants, John
Bacon, was killed April 19, 1775, in the fight at West Cambridge
(battle of Lexington).

(3) An address by the Treasurer-General, Hon. John C. Linehan, of
New Hampshire, on “The Seizure of the Powder at Fort William and
Mary,” by Maj. John Sullivan and his associates, some of which
powder was later dealt out to the patriots at Bunker Hill.

(4) Address by Mr. Edward J. Brandon, city clerk of Cambridge,
Mass., during which he will read a list of Irish names borne by
minutemen or militia in the battle of the nineteenth of April,
when the shot was fired “Heard Round the World.”

(5) A brief essay by Mr. Joseph Smith, of Lowell, Mass., on “The
Irishman, Ethnologically Considered.”

Invitations to attend the dinner have been sent to the town clerks
and selectmen of Lexington and Concord; also to descendants of the
patriots who stood on the green at Lexington when Captain Parker
exclaimed, “Don’t fire unless fired upon.”

It is earnestly desired that every member of the society who can
possibly be present at the coming meeting will attend and help make
the event the great success this patriotic anniversary so richly
deserves.

If each member attending the dinner will bring with him at least one
gentleman as his personal guest, it will add _éclat_ to the occasion
and may be the means of acquiring a large number of very desirable
new members for the society.

Fraternally, and in behalf of the
Executive Council of the Society,
THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
Secretary-General.

In response to the foregoing call, some thirty-five or forty gentlemen
assembled at the time and place mentioned. The business meeting was
dispensed with, and the time that would have been so occupied was
devoted to introductions and general conversation.

About 8 o’clock the company proceeded to dinner. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan,
of Boston, presided. Among those present were: John C. Linehan, State
Insurance Commissioner of New Hampshire; Joseph Smith, Secretary of the
Police Commission, Lowell, Mass.; Rev. John J. McCoy, Chicopee, Mass.;
James Jeffrey Roche, Boston, Mass.; Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.;
Charles A. De Courcey, Lawrence, Mass.; Rev. George F. Marshall,
Milford, N. H.; Daniel Donovan, Lynn, Mass.; Lawrence J. Smith, Lowell,
Mass.; Thomas Hamilton Murray, Editor of the _Daily Sun_, Lawrence,
Mass.; Edward J. Brandon, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass.; Thomas A.
Santry, Lawrence, Mass.; P. J. Flatley, Boston, Mass.; Robert A. Woods,
Boston, Mass.; John A. Callahan, Holyoke, Mass.; M. A. Toland, Boston,
Mass.; Dr. Eugene McCarthy, Cambridge, Mass.; Dr. M. F. Sullivan,
Lawrence, Mass.; Edward Arundel, Lawrence, Mass.; Dr. George A. Leahey,
Lowell, Mass.; Capt. P. S. Curry, Lynn, Mass.; E. B. Newhall, Lynn,
Mass.; and several other gentlemen.

In opening the after-dinner exercises, Mr. Gargan referred to the
anniversary on which this meeting is held, and read the following
communication from Rear-Admiral Meade, U. S. N.:

220 Winona Ave., GERMANTOWN, Pa.,
Jan. 26, 1897.

MY DEAR SIR:—Your note of the 23d informing me that I have been
unanimously chosen for the office of President-General of the
American-Irish Historical Society, found me confined to my bed,
where I have been since the 8th, with a severe attack of grippe. The
hardships of a long naval career are beginning now to revenge
themselves on me, and I have to take great care of my health.

I am, of course, deeply sensible of the honor your society confers
upon me and shall accept the office with pleasure if you think the
duties will not try me physically beyond my strength. I am vigorous
enough for my years, but I am peculiarly sensitive to cold, having
spent a great part of my naval life in the tropics, and I cannot
travel about in winter without serious risk to my health.

I am ready to work in the ranks for the good of the new society as
cheerfully as at the top. No organization is more needed than the
one you have completed, and you can count on me to further its
success.

Very truly yours,
R. W. MEADE, 3d.

MR. THOMAS H. MURRAY,
Secretary-General, etc.

Letters of regret at inability to attend the meeting were received from
the selectmen of Concord, Mass.; the town clerk of Lexington, Mass.; and
from Governor Hastings, of Pennsylvania; Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, of New
York; Osborne Howes, of Boston; Hon. William McAdoo, of Washington, D.
C.; Augustus St. Gaudens, of New York; Patrick Donahoe, of Boston; the
Very Rev. John Hogan, D. D., president of St. John’s Seminary, Brighton,
Mass.; J. D. O’Connell, of Washington, D. C.; Robert Ellis Thompson, of
Philadelphia; and others.

The addresses mentioned in the call for the meeting were delivered, and
were appreciatively received.

Mr. Murray, in his paper on “The Irish Bacons,” noted that the family
has reflected honor on both Dedham and Needham, as it has on other towns
where representatives of it have resided.

Hon. John C. Linehan read the following paper:

JOHN SULLIVAN AND THE CAPTURE OF THE POWDER AT NEWCASTLE.

The province of New Hampshire was among the first to resist the
unjust exactions of the British government, and, on the authority of
one of the Royal Councillors, her sons were the very first to commit
an overt act against it. From the time of its early settlement,
under the proprietorship of Capt. John Mason, her sturdy colonists
were bound to appropriate to their own use the first fruits of their
labors, and, regardless of act of parliament or magisterial edict,
they were able to accomplish their purpose. Owing to the civil
dissensions in England between 1640 and 1700, the little band of
adventurers who had established themselves at “Old Strawberry Bank,”
as well as their descendants who came after them, were practically,
so far as the home government was concerned, left to their own
resources, and obliged to defend themselves as best they could
against the French and Indians, who were ever on the alert to harass
and annoy them. The establishment of William of Orange on the
English throne, and the complete subjugation of those who supported
the unfortunate James, changed matters, however, and gave the new
ruler an opportunity to bestow a little of his paternal care on the
colonists who had so long prospered greatly without it.

One of his very first acts was to appoint, as governor of New York,
the Earl of Bellmont, who was a native of Ireland, and a son of Sir
Charles Coote, who earned an Irish estate fighting for Cromwell.

Under his administration the heirs of Captain Mason, fortified by a
proclamation from the king and parliament, endeavored to establish
their ownership to the property left them in New Hampshire, and,
although not authorized by the act mentioned to collect arrearages
of rent from the descendants of the original settlers, little
progress was made in the collection of any. The men, and the
children of the men who had for half a century contested every inch
of New Hampshire soil with the elements, the wild beasts, the
Indians, and their white allies from Quebec, did not propose to pay
tribute to the grandchildren of the man whose name was but a
tradition. The result was the creation of a period in the records of
New Hampshire, whose history reads strangely like a page from
Ireland’s annals describing landlord rule.

For in all parts of the province, and among all classes of people,
the most determined efforts were made to prevent the impositions of
the new proprietors. The sheriff and his officers, while engaged in
the performance of their duties, were often confronted with the axe
and the musket, and when opportunity offered, the women took a hand
and tested the efficacy of hot water. The sacred person of the
governor even was not exempt from insult and assault, for on at
least one occasion, while endeavoring to shield Captain Mason, the
grandson of the original proprietor, from one of his irate tenants,
he was thrown into the fireplace on the burning coals, sat upon,
three of his ribs broken, two teeth knocked out, and his body
severely burned.

William Vaughan, one of the Royal Councillors, and among the most
influential men in the colony, for an assault upon one of the
officers of the king, was arrested, and for several years kept in
confinement.

The records of the province during this period, as printed in the
state papers, make very interesting reading. The little rock-ribbed
province was the northern picket line of New England, and in
consequence her sons were equally expert with the musket, the axe,
and the spade.

That these traits had been transmitted to their descendants is very
clear, for the construction of the grapevine bridge across the
Chickahominy in 1862, by the boys of the 5th New Hampshire, as well
as the record made by the same regiment during the Civil War, is the
evidence; the axe, the spade, and the rifle figuring in both, as
they had in the hands of their ancestors at Bunker Hill and
Bennington nearly a century before. But the demands of Captain Mason
were not the only grievances. The government was bound to suppress
any industry in the colonies which would in any way interfere with
those already in operation at home. An elaborate project had been
already planned by the Earl of Bellmont, for the production of tar
and pitch in New Hampshire.

The home government was paying Denmark one hundred thousand pounds
annually for these two articles. Both could, with a little
perseverance and care, be produced on this side of the water, and be
paid for, not in cash, but in the products of the English mills and
shops, and in this manner saving the money and finding a new market
for goods.

To this end, pine trees were selected and stripped, but before the
scheme had matured, and the first step taken, the wicked New
Hampshire men set fire to the trees, and this, with the Indian
troubles, which were endless, put an end to the tar and pitch
arrangement. This was not all they did, however. The governor
claimed that not only did these lawless men of “Old Strawberry Bank”
cut down the king’s timber which had been reserved for the Royal
Navy, but that they had sawn it up into deals, and actually sold it
to the enemies of the government, in the French and Spanish West
Indies; and that no less a person than the Lieutenant-Governor of
New Hampshire was engaged in the business, and not only engaged in
it, but had boasted of his profits, and thus incited others to go
and do likewise. He next tried to introduce the cultivation of flax,
but this was a failure, labor costing three times here what it would
in Ireland. This paternal care of the government continued under
William’s successors. In 1749 an act of parliament, while
encouraging the production of pig and bar iron, absolutely forbade
its manufacture, and to carry its terms into effect, proclamation
was made by the provincial sheriffs, and an inquiry as to the number
of mills and forges in the province was instituted by the governor,
to the end that steps might be taken to have them discontinued. With
such an experience as this extending over three-quarters of a
century, the people of New Hampshire were not only in sympathy with
their fellow-countrymen in the other colonies, but stood ready as
well to coöperate in any movement having for its object the welfare
of the people as against the government.

[Illustration:

THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH
NEWARK, N. J.
]

[Illustration:

ROBERT ELLIS THOMPSON
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
]

[Illustration:

FRANCIS C. TRAVERS
NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

T. RUSSELL SULLIVAN
BOSTON, MASS.
]

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

At a meeting held in Portsmouth on Dec. 16, 1773, one of the
resolutions adopted was, “That every virtuous and public-spirited
freeman ought to oppose, to the utmost of his ability, every attack
of the ministry to enslave the Americans.” Five months later, on May
19, 1774, a committee of the town of Portsmouth sent their
sympathies to the people of Boston on the closing of their port, and
for their fellow-townsmen, promised to exert themselves to carry
into effect any plan which might be concerted by the colonies for
the general relief, and that the interests of the people of Boston
would be considered as their own.

From this time to the departure of the royal governor forever, it
was a game of battledoor and shuttlecock between his excellency and
the general assembly; the latter energetic and firm; the former
diplomatic, but cautious and watchful, and ever on the alert to
subserve the interest of the home government.

To this end he refused at first to adjourn the assembly in May,
1774, but finally acceded to the request of the members, and an
adjournment was made to June 12 of the same year. Meantime the
excitement increased; events at home and abroad intensifying the
feeling against the government.

At the adjourned meeting in May, the House of Representatives, in
common with the assemblies of the other colonies, had appointed a
committee of correspondence. This Governor Wentworth tried to
prevent, and when he dissolved the assembly he was fain to believe
the committee of correspondence would disappear with it.

In this he was disappointed, for its very first act after the
dissolution of the assembly was to issue a summons to the
representatives, who again met in their own chamber. The governor,
attended by the sheriff of the county, entered, and in accordance
with custom they rose when he presented himself. He addressed them,
declaring the meeting illegal, and directed the sheriff to make
proclamation accordingly, ordering all to disperse. He then retired,
but they resumed their seats.

On further consideration they adjourned to another house, where it
was resolved to hold a convention at Exeter, which should choose
delegates to the General Congress to meet in Philadelphia, and to
that end, letters were sent to each town and parish in the colony,
inviting the people therein to send deputies to the Provincial
Congress. The last business transacted by the representatives was to
recommend a day of fasting and prayer to be observed by the people
of the province. According to Belknap, this was observed with
religious solemnity. A request was made at the same time for funds
to defray the expenses of the delegates to the Continental Congress,
and this was promptly responded to.

The convention called at Exeter assembled on July 21, 1774, and is
now known in history as the “First Provincial Congress” of New
Hampshire. There were eighty-five members present, with the speaker
of the assembly, Hon. John Wentworth, a relative of the governor in
the chair.

This distinguished body, composed of the best men in the province,
many of whom had seen service in the French and Indian wars, and who
can justly be styled the founders of the state, chose for their
first representatives to the Continental Congress Maj. John Sullivan
and Col. Nathaniel Folsom; and for the first time in the history of
his native state does the name of John Sullivan officially make its
appearance in its legislative records. It is evident to any one who
has read closely the history of the stirring events of the period
that some master hand was at work directing all the movements, civil
and military, occurring at the time; and that this was the hand of
John Sullivan later events prove clearly. The son of an Irish exile,
and the grandson of one of the ill-fated defenders of Limerick, he
was born in Somersworth, N. H., at a point opposite Berwick, Me., on
February 18, 1740.

He was educated by his father, who had himself enjoyed the benefits
of a liberal and thorough training before he settled in America, and
who, through a long life, extending to his one hundred and fifth
year, was diligently employed in the education of youth. After a
voyage to the West Indies he became a member of the family of Hon.
Isaac Livermore, a lawyer of Portsmouth having an extensive
practice, and under his instruction prepared himself for his
profession. He early exhibited ability of a high order, gained the
respect and encouragement of his instructor, and soon acquired a
distinguished position at the bar of New Hampshire. Just before
reaching his majority he located in the town of Durham, purchased a
handsome residence, which is still in existence, and in which he
lived up to the time of his death. Such was his professional
success, that he married at the age of twenty, and for ten years
later he was constantly employed in the most lucrative causes,
thereby incurring the resentment of sundry persons in Durham and
elsewhere, who petitioned the executive council in 1766, complaining
of him for evil practices as attorney-at-law. This trouble, whatever
its nature may have been, existed even to the end of his days, and
was doubtless at the bottom of the scheme to injure his reputation
years after his death; for to this day there are some who would rob
him of the credit given him in the state records for planning the
capture of the powder at Newcastle and leading the party that
effected it.

In eloquence as an advocate he won a place in the front rank, and
earned the reputation of being a sound lawyer and a judicious
counsellor. This character was not confined to his native state, for
in addition to the friendship of men like the Wentworths and
Langdons in New Hampshire, he had secured the esteem and respect of
Lowell, Adams, Otis, and other well-known legal lights in
Massachusetts. Although attached to his profession, he found time to
devote to agriculture and manufactures, being one of the early
promoters of the latter, establishing cloth and fulling mills in
Durham, and succeeding so well that on the authority of John Adams
he was worth ten thousand pounds before the Revolution broke out.
From his father and mother he inherited a robust constitution, and
was blessed with an active, lively disposition. He had a natural
taste for military life, but except an occasional bout with the
Indians, generally on the defensive, he had, before the
Revolutionary War, no actual experience in warfare; but all around
him were the veterans of the Indian and French wars, whose
descriptions of the campaigns of Louisburg and Quebec aroused all
the martial spirit in his fiery nature.

To his historical studies, especially those relating to military
movements, he was greatly devoted; and read them to such good
purpose that he was able accurately to describe nearly all of the
great battles of the world. It was natural, therefore, for him to
seek the exercise of arms early; so at the age of thirty-one he held
the commission of major in the Colonial militia, and spared no pains
to make himself familiar with the duties connected with the
position. From the first rumble of discontent, down to the actual
outbreak of hostilities, he was one of the most active men engaged
in the cause of liberty. His nature and his abhorrence of
oppression, two traits transmitted by generations of heroic
ancestors, marked his career from the beginning, and his extended
influence and popularity marked him early as a leader in the coming
contest. With a full realization of what was before him he organized
a company numbering eighty-three men in Durham, and associated with
him was the gallant young Scammell, who was then a law student in
his office. With a knowledge of these facts it is not too much to
say, especially when comparing them with the events occurring
afterwards, that the “hidden hand” which directed the movements of
the patriots in New Hampshire, down to the convening of the First
Provincial Congress in July, 1774, was that of the grandson of the
Limerick soldier, who, in little less than a century from the broken
treaty, was paying with interest the debt due the government which
had driven his father to the wilds of America. He was chosen by the
First Provincial Congress to represent his province in the
Continental Congress, being the first person to represent New
Hampshire in that body. Two instances will be sufficient to show his
energy and usefulness in that assemblage. On qualifying, he was at
once placed on two of the most important committees, of one of
which, that upon the grievances of the people, he was chairman.

“The committee of violation of rights,” says John Adams in his
diary, “reported a set of articles which were drawn by John
Sullivan, of New Hampshire; and these two declarations, the one of
rights and the other of violations, which are printed in the
journals of Congress for 1774, were two years afterwards
recapitulated in the Declaration of Independence on the 4th of July,
1776.”

“New Hampshire has perhaps not remembered that the bold hand and the
legal training of John Sullivan are in the immortal Declaration of
Independence.”

On the adjournment of Congress, Sullivan returned to New Hampshire.
During his absence the agitation had increased; nearly every town
had its committee of safety, and many persons of note, suspected of
a leaning towards the government, placed under arrest and kept in
confinement, or sent out of the state, unless they took the test
oath prescribed by the Assembly. Steps were also taken to prevent
the sending of carpenters and other mechanics to Boston to build
barracks for the royal troops, as men could not be secured there for
that purpose. In one instance a man suspected of procuring workmen
for General Gage, was waited on, and the charge being proven, he was
obliged to go on his knees, as nothing less would be satisfactory,
and make the following confession and promise:

“Before this company I confess I have been aiding and assisting in
sending men to Boston to build barracks for the soldiers to live in,
at which you have reason to be justly offended, which I am sorry for
and humbly ask your forgiveness. And I do affirm that for the future
I never will be aiding or assisting in any wise whatever, in act or
deed contrary to the constitution of the country, as witness my
hand.”

The military stores in Fort William and Mary at Newcastle were a
constant source of anxiety to the governor, but he felt confident
that no lawless act would be committed by the people without
provocation, and as he was cautious in his course, no pretext could
be found in that direction, but the inevitable was to happen. A
report was circulated that General Gage was to send a body of troops
to secure the ammunition.

The arrival of Paul Revere from Boston gave color to the rumor, and
on the day following, armed men from the surrounding towns assembled
in Portsmouth, and after effecting an organization and choosing
their leaders, marched in broad daylight, to the number of four
hundred, for Newcastle. On arriving at the fort the commander bade
them to enter at their peril. No heed being paid to his words, one
volley was fired from the three-pounders in position, but before the
guns could be reloaded the walls were scaled and the fort captured
at three o’clock P.M. on Dec. 14, 1774. The result was the
possession of one hundred barrels of powder, sixty muskets, sixteen
cannon, and other valuable stores.

In his letter to General Gage informing him of the event, Governor
Wentworth said, “The principal persons in this enormity are well
known.”

He mentioned no names, but a little over two years later Peter
Livius, who was at the time of the capture, one of the Provincial
Councillors, wrote thus to John Sullivan in June, 1777: “You were
the first man in active rebellion, and drew with you the province
you live in. You will be one of the first sacrifices to the
resentment and justice of government; your family will be ruined and
you must die with ignominy.”

Belknap wrote that “Maj. John Sullivan and John Langdon
distinguished themselves as leaders in this affair.” Adams, in his
annals of Portsmouth, said it occurred “under the direction of Maj.
John Sullivan and Capt. John Langdon.”

Sullivan himself said: “When I returned from Congress in 1774, and
saw the order of the British king and council prohibiting military
stores being sent to this country, I took alarm, clearly perceiving
the designs of the British ministry, and wrote several pieces upon
the necessity of securing military stores, which pieces were
published in several papers.” Quint said: “Sullivan, bold and
daring, then an active member of the Continental Congress, and well
known throughout the province by his leadership at the bar, had
great influence. The seizure of the munitions at the fort, though
sudden at last, was doubtless not without previous thought. The
result of this act was momentous. It was the first act of armed
rebellion. It preceded Concord and Lexington by four months of time.
The captors of the fort entered it against the fire of fieldpieces
and muskets openly, and in daylight they pulled down the royal flag,
the first time in American history. They gave three cheers in honor
of their success. They carried off a hundred barrels of gunpowder,
some light guns and small arms which, under the care of Sullivan,
were taken up the river, which was at that time covered with thick
ice, through which a channel had to be cut.”

This bold and audacious act was deeply felt in Great Britain.
Conciliation was now out of the question. The king’s anger was
aroused. It was already bitter enough on account of the
Massachusetts troubles. Governor Wentworth issued threatening
proclamations.

He dismissed the offending major and captain from their posts in the
militia. In answer to his edict all persons in Durham holding civil
or military positions under the governor, headed by Sullivan,
assembled at the tavern on the green, and there publicly burned
their commissions and insignia of office. There was no further need
of secrecy. The die was cast and the leaders were well known. The
official positions, civil or military, held by many of those who
were principals in the affair, obliged them, up to this time, to act
with caution. After the burning, not of his ships, but of his
commission, Sullivan boldly stepped to the front. The very next day
after the capture of the powder he headed a body of men numbering
between three and four hundred from Durham and the adjoining towns,
and, marching to the Council Chamber, demanded an answer to the
question as to whether or not there were any ships or troops
expected here, or if the governor had written for any.

His excellency meekly answered: “I know of none.”

The greater part of the powder was stored in the basement of the
meeting-house in Durham. The balance, for safety, was distributed in
several places, some of it going to Exeter. That stored at Durham,
as well as another portion placed with Capt. John Demerritt, was
taken by the latter in his own ox-cart, under Sullivan’s direction,
to Cambridge, where it arrived barely in time to be dealt out to the
troops at Bunker Hill. Of how much value it was there and how badly
it was needed, is too well known to bear repetition. Without it and
lacking the men from the old Granite State accompanying it, Bunker
Hill would not have been such a serious affair for the British army.

In claiming the leadership for Sullivan in this affair there is no
desire to extol him at the expense of those with whom he was
associated,—men like Langdon, Weare, Bartlett, Thornton, Scammell,
Thompson, Folsom, Wentworth, Gilman, and others whose names are now
household words. The position was freely conceded by them at the
time, and acknowledged by the best informed to-day. After the
Lexington fight, and while Sullivan was in attendance at the Second
Continental Congress, the gallant young Scammell, who was in his
office in Durham, wrote him that, “when the horrid din of civil
carnage surprised us on the 20th of April, the universal cry was
‘Oh, if Major Sullivan was here!’ ‘I wish to God Major Sullivan was
here!’ ran through the distressed multitude.”

Capt. Eleazer Bennett, who died in Durham in 1852, at the age of one
hundred and one, said “that at the time of the capture of the powder
he was in the employment of General Sullivan, at his mill at
Packer’s Falls, when word was brought in to come down to Durham, to
go to Portsmouth, and to get anybody else he could to come with
him.” So far as he could remember, the following persons were with
him: Maj. John Sullivan, Capt. Winborn Adams, Ebenezer Thompson,
John Demerritt, Alpheus and Jonathan Chesley, John Spencer, Micah
Davis, Isaac and Benjamin Small, Alexander Scammell, John Griffin,
James Underwood, and Eben Sullivan, the major’s brother.

On arriving at Portsmouth they were joined by John Langdon with
another party. They captured the fort, took the captain and bound
him, and frightened away the soldiers. In the fort they found one
hundred casks of powder and one hundred small arms. A portion of
the powder was taken by Major Demerritt to his house in Madbury,
but most of it was stored under the pulpit of the meeting-house in
Durham. On July 19, 1775, as a final proof of Sullivan’s
leadership in this movement, Matthew Patten, chairman of the
committee of safety for the county of Hillsborough, wrote to
General Sullivan congratulating him on his appointment to the rank
of Brigadier-General, in which he said: “An appointment which, as
it distinguishes your merit, so at the same time it reflects honor
upon, and shows the penetrating discernment of those truly eminent
patriots from whom you received it; nor are we less sanguine in
our expectations of the high advantages which must result under
God to the public by your military skill and courage, as you have
been indefatigable in attaining the first, and have given a recent
instance of the latter, to your great honor and reputation, in
depriving our enemies of the means of annoying us at Castle
William and Mary, and at the same time furnishing us with
materials to defend our invaluable rights and privileges. This,
sir, must ever be had in remembrance, and (amongst the actions of
others, our heroes of 1775) handed to the latest posterity. That
the Almighty may direct your counsels, be with you in the day of
battle, and that you may be preserved as a pattern to this people
for many years to come, is our frequent prayer.” In Sullivan’s
reply he said: “It gives me great pleasure to find so respectable
a number of the worthy sons of freedom, in the colony to which I
belong, have so publicly given their approbation of my conduct in
assisting to secure the warlike stores at Fort William and Mary,
and thereby preventing these evils which must have resulted from
our enemies having possession of them.”

Nothing further need be said regarding the value of the powder
captured on this occasion, or the boldness of the act itself. At
Lexington and Concord the British were the aggressors, the Americans
acting on the defensive; but at Newcastle the Americans were the
aggressors, made the attack boldly in the open day, and as Quint
said, “for the first time in American history the British flag was
torn down by men in armed rebellion.” John Sullivan’s history is
well known. He and his three brothers gave their best services to
the land of their birth, and in memory of those services the state
of New Hampshire erected a monument of Concord granite on the site
of the church in Durham, under which was stored the powder, and in
the presence of the governor, council, and other officials, state
and national, and a large concourse of people on Thursday, Sept. 27,
1894, the one hundredth anniversary of his death, dedicated it with
appropriate exercises. The inscription reads:

IN MEMORY OF
JOHN SULLIVAN.

_Born Feb. 17, 1740._
_Died Jan. 23, 1795._

Erected by the State of New Hampshire upon the
site of the Meeting-house under which was
stored the gunpowder taken from
Fort William and Mary.

The tributes paid to Sullivan’s worth on this occasion by every one
of the speakers were ungrudging and hearty. Professor Murkland said:
“This may never become a large community, but it will always be
exalted by its association with John Sullivan, lawyer, soldier,
statesman, and judge.

“The plain granite shaft, inadequate as it may appear, will yet
serve, when we shall have been forgotten, to recall the life of one
who served his country so bravely and so well that he made slander
dumb and malice impotent.”

Gov. John B. Smith said: “It is no invidious distinction to say that
of all the New Hampshire men of the Revolutionary period Sullivan
was not only peer, he was preëminently chief. His life is a part of
the country’s history, and now, by virtue of my office (an office I
am all the more proud to hold because John Sullivan filled and
honored it), I accept these grounds from the town of Durham, and
this monument from the committee in behalf of the state.”

O’Meara said:

“Your deeds for all the land that hold your fame
Shall link you now to love New Hampshire’s name,
While throbs high manhood round her glistening hills—
While patriot gleam or pristine glory thrills.”

Dr. Quint said: “To John Sullivan, the man who in all the American
provinces was the first to take up arms against the king, New
Hampshire erects this monument of native granite.”

Professor Hadley said: “Washington’s never-failing trust and
ever-affectionate respect are of themselves sufficient to prove
their possessor’s title clear to proud historic praise; and
Sullivan’s name does belong of right to that choice list of eminent
commanders which bears such other names as Greene and Knox, Steuben
and Stark.”

Senator Chandler said: “John Sullivan was one of the finest
characters of the Revolution. A great general, and as a lawyer, a
legislator, a statesman, a governor, and a judge, ranked among the
very greatest men of the Revolutionary period. The luster in our
annals of the gift to our early glories, bestowed by Ireland in
sending to us the family of Sullivan, will never be obliterated or
forgotten.”

Senator Blair said: “There is no sphere of public life in which he
was not eminent, nor of private life in which he was not influential
and beloved. The whole list of Revolutionary worthies does not
furnish one name which, on the whole, shines more resplendently in
all the great department of public service than that of John
Sullivan.”

Hon. Henry M. Baker said: “The influence of such a life never dies.
Seldom is it the fortune of any one to serve his country in such
diverse yet responsible positions as General Sullivan held and
honored. Still more rare to discharge every duty with such great
energy and ability.”

Gov. Frederick Smythe said: “Wherever the rights of man are
recognized, and so long as government by the people shall endure,
the name of John Sullivan must be one of the imperishable, of those
who were not born to die.”

Col. Daniel Hall said: “Sullivan is worthy of lasting commemoration
as one of the most serviceable of the men it was New Hampshire’s
great honor to contribute to the cause of American Independence.”

Secretary of State Stearns wrote: “Sullivan was a born leader of
men, and preëminently a man for Revolutionary times. He was not a
slave to ancient forms and customs, ruthlessly trampling upon the
traditions of his time. He boldly assaulted the conservative
barriers that confined the people of New Hampshire within the pale
of accustomed usage.

“He early declared for a free government for a free people. In the
march of events, when the people reached his early standpoint, the
Constitution of 1776 was drafted on the line of his suggestions.”

“It is a century since the life of Sullivan was ended, and the
qualities of his character and the magnitude of his work were
submitted to the generous estimate of his fellow-men. His fame with
the lapse of time suffers no impairment. A brilliant and an
accomplished civilian, a distinguished lawyer, a matchless orator, a
brave and an able general, a senator, a magistrate, and a governor,
he bore his accumulating honors with modesty, and served the state
which he loved with the restless power of a vigorous and versatile
mind. The study of his life is instructive. Through the vista,
obscured by a century, we read the story of his time in the light of
the undimmed luster of his achievements.”

[Illustration:

REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER
OHIO
]

[Illustration:

VERY REV. ANDREW MORRISSEY
INDIANA
]

[Illustration:

COL. O’BRIEN MOORE
WEST VIRGINIA
]

[Illustration:

JOSEPH T. LAWLESS
VIRGINIA
]

VICE-PRESIDENTS

With tributes like these from the men who were associated with John
Sullivan in the struggle for independence, as well as from their
descendants who participated in the dedication of the monument to
his memory, we, who are members of the American-Irish Historical
Society, can well be proud of the character and the services of
Maj.-Gen. John Sullivan.

Edward J. Brandon, Esq., city clerk of Cambridge, read the following
paper:

On a certain April morning, one hundred and twenty-two years ago,
Samuel Adams prophetically remarked, “What a glorious morning is
this!” and, as I stand here, I cannot restrain the feeling that the
shade of that illustrious and honored American makes use of the
expression with much greater emphasis to-day.

For the accomplishments of his country during the past four
generations, her marvelous strides in acquiring and attaining a
potent position among the world’s nations, the tremendous
development of her magnificent natural resources, the genius and
perseverance displayed by her children, the prosperity and
importance of her institutions, the advance of her people in
culture, the triumph of her principles of democracy, with its lesson
to the world that “the people can be trusted with their own,” are
surely causes for congratulation and satisfaction. And all this
reality dates from an incident comparatively slight in the world’s
history, but which is an important epoch in the story of America.

The period of resistance by the Colonies to British tyranny
antedates April 19, 1775, by many years, but the culmination of a
series of oppressive acts was realized on that day, and in the
exciting events preceding and following the fight at Concord and
Lexington, the town of Cambridge acted well its part, and
contributed its blood and treasure to the common weal.

All Cambridge knows and feels a glow of patriot’s pride in the
Declaration of Independence of the people of Cambridge, made months
in advance of the Declaration of the Continental Congress, when the
town instructed its representative that if the Provincial Congress
should for the safety of the Colonies declare them independent of
the Kingdom of Great Britain, “we, the said inhabitants, will
solemnly engage with our lives and fortunes to support them in the
measure.”

In all the preliminary work of the period Cambridge was active and
conspicuous, and the animosity aroused by the opposition of her
citizens doubtless inspired the hatred of the retreating soldiery of
Britain, and caused the shocking brutality which has been told and
so often retold. But the history of the time records all these
events, and it is needless for me to recite them.

The British troops landed at Lechmere Point on the night of April
18, and marched across the marshes to the Milk Row Road in
Charlestown, now Somerville, thence by Beech Street and the present
Massachusetts Avenue to Menotomy, Lexington, and Concord. Captain
Thatcher and his Cambridge men were among the first to rally for the
public safety, and the militia of Cambridge improved the opportunity
to attest its loyalty to principle. The muster roll shows that they
marched on the alarm, and did service as far as Concord.

Paige, Cambridge’s historian, tells us that from Lexington line to
Beech Street the passage of the British troops in retreat was
“through a flame of fire.” Despite the fact that the conflict of
this day is generally known as Concord Fight or Lexington Battle,
the carnage in Cambridge was greater than in any other place,
greater than in all others combined; for, according to Rev. Samuel
Abbott Smith, in his address at West Cambridge, “at least twenty-two
of the Americans, and more than twice that number of the British,
fell at West Cambridge.”

Of the fierceness of the conflict we can to-day present ocular
proof. The large number of bullet holes in the house then owned by
Jacob Watson, some of which may be seen at this time, is one
indication of the amount of fighting done in Cambridge; while the
spoliation of Cooper’s Tavern in Menotomy and the Memorial stones
all along the line of march teach the heat and bitterness of the
strife. In our ancient burial ground, by which Lord Percy’s
battalion marched to the relief, will be found a neat granite
monument over the remains of John Hicks, William Marcy, and Moses
Richardson, and in memory of these and of Jason Russell, Jabez
Wyman, Jason Winship, buried at Menotomy—men of Cambridge who fell
in defense of the liberty of the people.

These things are the inspiration which the Cambridge boy and girl
breathe at every step, impelling influences to love of country and
fearlessness in her defense.

The _Journal of the Provincial Congress_ estimates the loss of
property in Lexington at £1761, in Cambridge at £1202, and in
Concord at £274.

But when we consider these exciting events of that memorable day and
read the stories of individual heroism, we feel a particular pride
that our race was permitted to be a factor in the great result. It
would be to us a matter of sincere regret if Ireland, who had
contributed so much that was noble and sublime to the military
history of other nations, had been deprived of the opportunity to
manifest her sympathy by active participation in the “Lexington
Fight.” More especially as the feeling of the people of Ireland was
well known to Britain and Britain’s rulers, as is evident from the
records of the House of Parliament in 1775, where it is of record
that Governor Johnstone, in the debate at the opening of the session
used these words:

“I maintain that the sense of the best and wisest men of the country
is on the side of the Americans; that three to one of the people of
Ireland are on their side; that the soldiers and sailors feel an
unwillingness to service; that you will never find the same exertion
of spirit in this as in other wars. I am well informed that the four
field officers in the four regiments now going from Ireland have
desired leave to retire or sell out.”

Again, Mr. George Washington Parke Custis, the adopted son of
Washington, says that Ireland contributed men to the Continental
Army at the rate of 100 to 1 of any nation before the coming of the
French. General Lee—Light Horse Harry—said that one-half of the
Continental Army was derived from Ireland. It is an undoubted fact
that two hundred and fifty soldiers served in the Revolutionary War
who bore the Christian name of Patrick. It is also undoubted that
the rolls of the soldiers who served at Bunker Hill contained over
one hundred and fifty typical Irish names. Verplank referred to the
services of Irishmen in the Revolutionary War in these words: “Both
in that glorious struggle for independence and in our more recent
contest for American rights, England’s penal laws gave to America
the support of hundreds of thousands of brave hearts and strong
arms.” I might repeat many more instances did the time permit.
Sufficient to say that the opportunity was accorded to Ireland’s
sons to do glorious work in the first conflict of the Revolution.

Cullen says: “The Irish came into the full light of colonial history
at Lexington and Concord. The cry of Paul Revere roused them to take
their share in the defense of the common cause. Among them was Hugh
Cargill, the Ballyshannon man. To his prompt response Concord owed
the safety of her records.”

Rev. Mr. Maccarty is heard from in Worcester on that eventful
morning of April 19, 1775. Lincoln’s history of Worcester states
that as the minutemen were paraded on the green, under Capt. Timothy
Bigelow, a fervent prayer was offered up by Rev. Mr. Maccarty, after
which they took up their line of march.

“Another prominent name in the accounts of Concord and Lexington is
Dr. Thomas Welsh, who was army surgeon to the patriots. He it was
who met brave Dr. Joseph Warren as he rode through Charlestown at
about 10 o’clock on the morning of that April day.”

With the evidence of participation indisputable, cannot we of Irish
lineage feel the glory of this day as our own right, purchased by
the self-sacrificing effort of our predecessors?

And can we not, in fullest measure, in dwelling on the great and
famous events of April 19, 1775, exclaim with America’s noble son,
“Thank God, I also am an American!”

Cullen (pp. 86, 88) gives the following names found on the rolls of
minutemen at that period:

Joseph Burke,
Richard Burke,
Daniel Carey,
Joseph Carey,
Peter Carey,
Patrick Carroll,
Joseph Carroll,
Cornelius Cockran,
Daniel Connors,
William Connors,
James Dempsey,
Philip Donahue,
Joseph Donnell,
John Donnelly,
Andrew Dunnigan,
John Farley,
Michael Farley,
John Flood,
William Flood,
John Foley,
Matthew Gilligen,
Richard Gilpatrick,
James Gleason,
Daniel Griffin,
Joseph Griffin,
John Hacket,
Joseph Hacket,
John Haley,
John Kelly,
Patrick Kelly,
Peter Kelly,
Richard Kelly,
Stephen Kelly,
Daniel Lary,
John McCarty,
Michael McDonnell,
Henry McGonegal,
John McGrah,
Daniel McGuire,
Patrick McKeen,
John McMullen,
John Madden,
Daniel Mahon,
James Mallone,
John Mahoney,
John Murphy,
Patrick Newjent,
Patrick O’Brien,
Richard O’Brien,
Daniel Shay,
John Shea,
John Walsh,
Joseph Walsh.

Joseph Smith, Esq., of Lowell, read the following paper on “The Irishman
Ethnologically Considered.”

It is almost as hopeless a task to define an Irishman as it is to
give the dimensions of a perfume; for the Irishman is as evasive and
delusive, as pervasive and variable in type and character as the
sweetness rising from the glowing bed of flowers.

If this society is to have a logical and reasonable plea for
existence, if its title of American-Irish is to mean anything, we
must reach some solid basis upon which to build our fabric; we must
agree upon an acceptable definition of what is an Irishman.

This is what I shall try to do rather than attempt to show the
ethnical components that enter into the Irishman. I have gone past
the point in my speculations and theories on the Irishman where I
place much stress upon the racial elements that go to make the Irish
nation. We must start with these facts—the race and the nation are
two distinctly different things; the terms Celtic and Irish are not
synonymous.

I will state, so as to avoid the polemics of ethnology, just a few
facts upon which all people are agreed, to explain why I attach so
little importance to the merely racial elements that go to make up a
nation. The islands of Ireland and Great Britain were at one time
peopled by the one race which was known variously as the Celtic,
Cymric, and Gaelic. By emigration, conquest, settlement, slavery,
and intermarriage, and all those causes that mix races, Dane, Norse,
German, Norman-French, Dutch, French, Walloon, and Flemish were
mingled and intermingled with the original race, the constituent
elements varying with time, place, and circumstances. So we have
to-day in Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and England four distinct
peoples different in characteristics, temperaments, thought, and
methods, peoples made up practically from the very same elements. As
the different sections of Great Britain are separated by purely
artificial frontiers, they do not differ as profoundly as do the
people of Ireland from those of the neighboring island. We observe
in this republic people who claim a direct descent from English and
other stocks producing a people as widely separated in thought,
ideals, and physical appearance, and other distinctive features from
the stock of the old countries as the Russian is from the Spaniard.

It is clear to me that there are other and more potent elements that
make and differentiate peoples than mere racial admixtures.

The Irish, though speaking the English tongue and living under laws
foreign to the instincts of the people, are a nation apart from the
English, hating intensely the tie that binds them, out of sympathy
with English ideas, ambitions, religions, and methods; and yet they
are both the product of the same racial elements, the alleged
preponderance of the Celt in the Irish being largely a matter of
doubt and speculation.

What is it, then, that makes this tremendous difference in the two
nations? What were the forces that were at work to produce from the
same ingredients such profoundly different results? That is the
question we must answer; and in answering it we will reach the basic
idea of this society. Let me try and answer it in my way, and
endeavor to show as simply as possible what an Irishman is.

There are in England as well as in America, among that class that
for lack of a better term we must call Celtophobes, those who have
an original if unsatisfactory and unscientific way of answering this
question which adds to the accumulation of their stolen laurels and
seems to afford them much satisfaction. If an Irishman break the
record in science, art, literature, or any department of human
activity, he is at once classed as an Englishman in England, an
American in America; if, however, he merely break the Decalogue, the
law, a bank, or his mother’s heart, he must perforce be an Irishman.
This differentiation will not do for us, however.

There are some things we must remember, for our work has to bear the
closest scrutiny and the most searching criticism.

The characteristics which we deem essentially Irish are not
distinctly Irish; they are merely more widely distributed among the
Irish. Wit, humor, poesy, melancholy, loyalty to faith and
fatherland, patience under trial and hardship, daring in adventure,
valor in battle,—these are found in all lands, among all peoples,
though the Irish have displayed them so conspicuously in all the
centuries that some, aye, many of our own people have come to regard
them as exclusively theirs. While good blood will tell and bad, we
must look to other things, we must consider other causes than race
and blood, if we are to understand the workings of a mysterious
Deity and learn how he makes nations and differentiates peoples.

The crude ore lies in the mines of the hills all over the earth,
potential in its possibilities, yet heavy, dull, inert, awaiting the
day when man shall dig it from its hiding place, try it in the fires
of the furnace, beat it on the anvil and transform it into the
polished rail that ties together the ends of civilization, that will
shape it into the massive engine that carries the fruits of industry
and commerce to the uttermost parts of the world, that moulds it
into the type and press that spreads intelligence and frees the
soul, and that fashions it into the sword that frees the slave. And
as the ore, so is man; he must be tried in the fires to be re-made
for the work he is to do. The elements lie everywhere; circumstances
and conditions weld and mould him into nations. He may creep on into
the centuries dull, heavy, oppressed, carrying the thrall of the
master, content that he shall eat and drink and sleep in the peace
of ignorance, content that his master shall do his thinking and
fighting, heedless who the master is, for the hands of all are
heavy; taking his religion and his lot from him who rules and
starves him.

Others there are who have lived for centuries watching the tide of
civilization and the higher life sweep by them, too hotly engaged in
the struggle of life and death to snatch the prizes as they go by.
Such a land for the long centuries has been Ireland. Seven hundred
years has Ireland felt the edge of the sword, and for seven
centuries she has shown the naked breast and empty hand to the
oppressor, beaten but unsubdued.

Into the fires of hate and oppression, into the hell of battle and
persecution, into the _inferno_ of famine, misgovernment, robbery,
torture, and all the evils that cold, deliberate malice and
wickedness could invent, Celt and Saxon, Norman and French, Dane and
Norse, Englishman and Scotchman were thrown, to be fused and
mingled, that, in the cooling, God might draw from the ashes the
Irishman.

In all those long dark centuries his courage never failed, his hope
never dimmed, his faith in God never faltered; he never acknowledged
the right of might; he accepted nothing from the man who boasted
himself the conqueror of him who is to-day unconquered; he believed
the day would come, and it is coming, when the forces of evil would
sink beneath the scorn of the world.

In this terrible school the Irishman was made; here was learned the
infinite patience of his kind; here was bred that mental alertness,
that wit and humor, tinged with the melancholy the world calls
typical; here he drank into his blood the courage and flame and
battle, that marches him to death with a song and a laugh; here
every fiber and tissue of his elemental parts were made over, and
upon the green sod, that blood-soaked soil, he preserved the virtues
of the man who lives with God and nature.

THIS IS THE IRISHMAN.

The man born on Irish soil, breathing Irish air, drinking in the
beauty of the hills and vales and streams and loughs of Ireland,
listening to whispering winds of Irish seas, hearing the story and
legend of the Irish days long gone, his heart and soul responding to
the hopes of those around him, be his father English or Norman,
Scotch or Welsh, Dane or Norse, French or Dutch, that man will grow
into an Irishman. This is the verdict of history; this is the
experience of seven centuries. Let them come from where they will,
those who plunge into the Irish Lethe emerge on the other bank
Irishmen, better betimes than the son of the older race, more Irish
than the Irish.

Conditions, climate, environment are more potent than blood; they
are the instruments with which God works. The normal man born on
Irish soil and growing to manhood on it is an Irishman. Carry him to
the most remote quarter of the earth, and he is still Irish, and his
children even to the tenth generation.

On May 4, 1897, the sad tidings reached the society of the death of
Admiral Meade, the President of the society. He was born in New York
City, 1837; appointed midshipman Oct. 2, 1850; first sea service in
sloop-of-war _Preble_, 1851; warrant as master and commission as
lieutenant, 1858; lieutenant-commander, 1862; was a commander in 1870;
commissioned captain in 1880; became a commodore in 1892, and
rear-admiral in 1894; admitted to the society at its organization, Jan.
20, 1897, and chosen President-General of the same, being the first to
hold the office.

The Meade family has been to a wonderful extent identified with the
growth and development of our national life. A glance at the societies
of which Admiral Meade was a member, will show the active and heroic
part this family has taken in every movement since the settlement of the
land.

* * * * *

1. The Order of the Founders and Patriots of America, 1607–57, 1775–83.
(Councillor of New York Society.)

_Period 1607–57._

_Ancestors._ 1) Vincent Meigs, 1583–1658.
2) John Meigs, 1st, 1612–72.
3) John Meigs, 2d, 1640–91.

[Illustration:

THEODORE ROOSEVELT
NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

PATRICK WALSH
GEORGIA
]

[Illustration:

THOMAS ADDIS EMMET
NEW YORK CITY
]

Vincent Meigs and his son John, 1st, were emigrants to Connecticut in
1637–38, and in 1639 were among the founders of Guilford, Conn. John
Meigs, 2d, was one of the patentees of Guilford mentioned in the Charter
granted by James II to the town, May 25, 1685.

_Period 1775–83._

The patriot progeny of the above-named who made their mark in the War of
Independence were four brothers (sons of Admiral Meade’s maternal
great-great-grandfather, Return Meigs, of Middletown, Conn., born 1708,
died 1770) as follows:

1) Col. Return Jonathan Meigs, of the 6th Connecticut line, born 1740,
died 1823. He was with Montgomery at Quebec, having crossed the
wilderness with Arnold, and he commanded the expedition against Sag
Harbor, May 21, 1777, which destroyed the British vessels’ defenses and
stores. He was one of the four colonels that led the forlorn hope at the
storming of Stony Point, July 15, 1779, under General Wayne. He figures
as one of the best and most reliable soldiers of the Revolution.

2) Maj. Giles Meigs.

3) Capt. John Meigs.

4) Josiah Meigs, of Yale College. (Eighteen years of age when Revolution
broke out.)

2. The Society of Colonial Wars, 1607–1775.

Admiral Meade was the Deputy-Governor of the District of Columbia
Society.

_Ancestors._ 1) Maj. Simon Willard, born 1605, died 1676. (Son of
Richard Willard, of Horsemonden, Kent, Esquire.)

Simon Willard emigrated from England to America in 1634, and in 1635 was
one of the founders of Concord in the colony of Massachusetts Bay;
deputy to the General Court, 1636–54; assistant to governor and a
councillor from 1654–76; commander-in-chief of the expedition of the
United Colonies against Ninigret, Sachem of the Nyantics, 1655; led the
heroic relief against the Indians at the battle of Brookfield; commanded
the Middlesex Regiment of Massachusetts troops in King Philip’s War; a
magistrate of Salem.

2) Capt. Janna Meigs, born 1672, died 1739. (Son of John Meigs, 2d, of
Guilford.) Served in the Queen Anne Wars as lieutenant and captain of
the Guilford Company; deputy to the General Court of the Province of
Connecticut in 1717–26.

3. The Military Order of Foreign Wars of the United States of America.

War of Independence.—War with Tripoli.—War of 1812.—War with Mexico.

Admiral Meade was Vice-Commander-General for Pennsylvania.

Hereditary member by right of his father, Richard Worsam Meade, 2d, who
served as a lieutenant in the U. S. Navy, during the Mexican War, on
board of the U. S. frigate _Potomac_, Captain Aulick, at Vera Cruz.

Incidentally it may be said that Richard Worsam Meade, 1st, was naval
agent of the United States abroad, during the War of Tripoli and War of
1812, and that George Meade (father of R. W. Meade, 1st) was a prominent
agitator against the Stamp Act of 1765, and was one of the signers of
the non-importation resolutions of merchants of Philadelphia, Oct. 25,
1765, and though a man of wealth, served as a private soldier in 3d
battalion of Col. Cadwalader’s regiment. He gave £2000 sterling to the
fund for Washington’s suffering army at Valley Forge. Was a member of
the Philadelphia “Associators” during the Revolutionary War. Left the
city when the British army came in and did not return until Washington’s
troops reoccupied it.

4. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, 1861–65.
Pennsylvania Commandery.

Joined 1866, No. 187 on general roll.

5. The Grand Army of the Republic, 1861–65.

Commander of Lafayette Post, No. 140, Department of New York. Reelected
December, 1896, for a second term.

6. The California Pioneer Society of New York City, 1849–50.

An ex-President of the society, 1893–94.

7. The New England Society in the city of New York. Life member.

8. The American Catholic Society of Philadelphia.

9. The Christ Church Historical Society of Philadelphia.

10. The National Geographical Society of Washington, D. C.

11. The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, New York City.
A Vice-President of the society.

12. The Navy Mutual Aid Society. An ex-President, having held the office
five years.

13. The Society of Graduates of the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md.
Class of 1850.

Admiral Meade is also a lineal descendant of John Benjamin (gentleman),
who came over from Wales, England, with Governor Winthrop in 1630, and
settled at Cambridge, Mass. His son John removed to Connecticut. Admiral
Meade’s great-great-grandfather, Col. John Benjamin, of Stratford,
served in the War of Independence and received a British musket ball in
his shoulder at the battle of Ridgefield. His brother, Col. Aaron
Benjamin, of Stratford, was with Montgomery in the expedition to Quebec,
and in the battles of White Plains, Princeton, Monmouth, Germantown,
Fort Mifflin, Stony Point, and at Valley Forge. He was more than one
hundred times under fire. At Stony Point, it is said, he was the second
man to enter the fort. He was lieutenant and adjutant during the greater
part of his service.

The Admiral is also a lineal descendant of John Hopkins, of Hartford,
Conn., who came to America in 1630. This John Hopkins is now alleged to
have been one of the children (by first wife) of Stephen Hopkins, who
came over in the _Mayflower_, 1620, and was the fourteenth signer of the
compact of the Plymouth colonists. It is alleged (see the _Signers of
Mayflower Compact_, by A. A. Haxtun) that John Hopkins (of Hartford)
having a harsh stepmother, was left behind with his dead mother’s
relatives in England, but followed his father to America in 1630, being
then only seventeen years of age.

Another line of descent is through Thomas Coates, who came over with
William Penn in 1682. The descendant of this Thomas Coates was William
Coates, of Philadelphia (a colonel in the Revolution), and the
great-great-grandfather of the admiral.

* * * * *

Summing up the various strains of blood, here is the result:

_Irish._—Meade, Butler.

_English._—Meigs, Willard, Hopkins, Austin, Worsam, Stretch, Hosmer,
Hamlin, Wilcox, Judd, Fry, Backus, Beckley, Sharpe, and Bronson.

_Welsh._—Benjamin.

_French._—Jacques.

* * * * *

_Religions._ _Catholic._—Meade.

_Church of England._—Worsam, Butler, Austin, Richard Willard.

_Non-Conformist or Puritan._—Meigs, Simon Willard, Hopkins, Hosmer,
Benjamin, Wilcox, Hamlin, Judd, Fry, Backus, Beckley, Bronson, and
Sharpe.

_Quaker._—Coates.

_Huguenot._—Jacques.[2]

Footnote 2:

This Jacques was Thomas Jacques, who, with his wife Elizabeth, were
Huguenot refugees from France, settling in Leicestershire, England.
They subsequently emigrated to America, and their daughter Beulah
married, October, 1694, Thomas Coates (son of Henry), who was born
1659 in Sproxton, England, emigrated, as before stated, with William
Penn, and died in Philadelphia, July 22, 1719.

* * * * *

At the funeral of Admiral Meade, the society was represented by Messrs.
Edward A. Moseley, J. R. Carmody, J. D. O’Connell, and Capt. John M.
Tobin. The honorary bearers were: Rear-Admiral John G. Walker, Commodore
Charles S. Norton, Admiral George Dewey, Commodore Norman H. Farquhar,
Commodore Winfield S. Schley, Capt. A. S. Crowninshield, Capt. Charles
O’Neil, U. S. N., and Col. Charles Heywood, United States Marine Corps.
Eight stalwart seamen bore the body. A battalion of marines from the
Washington barracks, under command of Capt. E. B. Robinson, and a
delegation from Lafayette Post of New York City, escorted the body to
Arlington, preceded by the United States Marine Band.

The following letter was subsequently received:

1100 Vermont Ave.,
WASHINGTON, D. C., May 7, 1897.

MY DEAR MR. MOSELEY:—Your kind and sympathetic note of the 5th was
most gratefully received, as was also the beautiful emblem of your
society, which now rests on my father’s grave. On behalf of my
mother and sisters, as well as myself, I want to thank you,
individually, and the American-Irish Historical Society, for the
touching tributes you have paid his memory. We shall not forget how
much this crushing blow has been lightened by the sympathy of my
father’s associates in the organizations of which he was a member.

Respectfully and sincerely yours,
(Signed) RICHARD W. MEADE, Jr.

The council of the society, at its September meeting, was entertained by
the Rhode Island members at a banquet in Pawtucket, at which Hon. Hugh
J. Carroll presided. Mr. Thomas Hamilton Murray delivered the following
address of welcome on that occasion:

Gentlemen of the Council of the American-Irish Historical
Society,—We are glad to have the honor of your visit, and we hope
that your stay in Pawtucket will be pleasant to you and profitable
to the great movement in which you are engaged.

The organization you represent seeks to write an unwritten chapter
of American history, an essential chapter which has been too long
ignored. Yet, until this chapter is written and its prime importance
recognized, American history as published will be radically
defective.

Every American, therefore, no matter what his ancestry and no matter
what his creed, must wish you Godspeed in your patriotic labors.

While supplying this missing chapter in American history, you are at
the same time helping to supply a missing chapter in Rhode Island
history.

The Irish chapter in the history of Rhode Island has its roots away
back in the days of Roger Williams. But it is little known by this
generation. In the old colonial days men of Irish blood figured
prominently in this land of refuge. Like Williams and his
colleagues, they found here a haven of peace, found rest and
freedom.

Many soldiers of Irish birth or extraction battled during King
Philip’s War, 1675–76, in defense of the homes and lives of the
settlers. Not a few of them participated in the Great Swamp Fight in
Southern Rhode Island, and settled here when that war had ended. We
may mention as an interesting fact that an Irishman, Robert Beers,
was killed by the Indians in 1676 within a few miles of where you
meet to-night.

Another Irishman, Charles Macarty (McCarthy), was one of the
founders in 1677 of our town of East Greenwich. The town of Warren
in this state was named in honor of an Irishman, Sir Peter Warren,
whose deeds of valor no word of ours need chronicle.

Irish Rhode Islanders are heard from in the capture of Louisburg,
and there the bones of some of them repose to this day.

The Revolution found among its most ardent supporters in Rhode
Island men of Irish lineage. The Blacks, the Dorrances, the
Sterlings, the Larkins, and a host of other people of Hibernian
origin are evidence of this.

General Knox, a member of the Boston Charitable Irish Society, was
here during the early part of the Revolution; Gen. John Sullivan,
son of the Irish schoolmaster, commanded the Rhode Island Department
for a considerable period, and was in command of the patriot forces
at the siege of Newport and the battle that ensued. His brother
James, the Governor of Massachusetts, received in after years the
degree of LL.D. from Brown University.

You see, therefore, gentlemen, that Rhode Island is rich in historic
material for your society. The shaft needs but be sunk to bring the
treasures to the surface. Your coming here on this occasion helps to
sink it.

We Rhode Islanders are very proud of our little state. That much of
the Irish chapter in the history of this state is but little known
we acknowledge and regret.

Yet some of it we do know. We recall many noble men that Ireland has
given us—Berkeley, McSparran, Brown, Jackson, and the rest. We
recall the Irishman Wilson, who was head of one of the first free
schools opened in Providence, and of those other Irish schoolmasters
here at an early day—Kelly, Reilly, Knox, Phelan. May their memory
be in benediction!

We know, too, that Irish blood was not wanting in the veins of Perry
and of Burnside. At least two of our governors could truthfully
claim an Irish ancestry on the one side or the other, and at least
three of our secretaries of state. We know that at the founding of
Rhode Island College, now Brown University, the first funds for the
institution came from Ireland, generously contributed by Irish men
and women.

We are aware that many people of Irish extraction have married into
families of other extractions, some of these families representing
the oldest in the state. Thus we learn from the colonial and state
records that a Mahoney wedded an Olney, that a McGowan married an
Angell, that a McCarthy married a Maxson, that a Connor became the
wife of a Robinson, a McLoughlin the wife of a Steere, a Murphy the
husband of a Pitman. We see, moreover, that Prudence Mathewson
became Mrs. Kelley, that Harriet Thayer became Mrs. Patrick Brown,
that Rachel Aldrich wedded David Flynn.

Patrick Cunningham, the records show, was married in Providence to
Mary Goddard; Sally Mahoney became the wife of Asa Capron. The
records further show the marriage of persons bearing the following
names: Heffernan and Coggeshall, Flanagan and Cornell, Riley and
Sabin, Fallon and Cook, Connor and Odlin, Burke and Greene, Kenney
and Chadwick, Mulholland and Hooper, Hurlihy and Thorp, Carroll and
Slater, O’Brien and Newcome, McGee and Perkins, Donohue and Sutleff,
Egan and Wilson, and a long list of others.

I have already referred to the Olney name. I take it up again.
Thomas Olney came from England in 1635, and was one of the original
thirteen proprietors of Providence. His descendants are widespread.
Some of them were married as follows: Benjamin Olney to Mary
McFadyan, Sylvester Olney to Eliza McLaughlin, Sylvanus Olney to
Joanna W. Gorman, Frances M. Olney to J. P. Mahan, George E. Olney
to Mary E. Gilpatrick, Thomas D. Olney to Mary A. Dunagan, Bradley
Olney to Dora Fitzgerald, William N. Olney to Mary Oday (O’Day),
Amanda Olney to Jerry Mackay, Louis B. Olney to Kitty Sheehan,
Hattie M. Olney to Casper McManus.

This indicates that the process of assimilation has been progressing
in Rhode Island for many generations, and that Irish blood courses
to-day through the veins of thousands of the old Rhode Island stock.

These things we know, but there are many other facts just as
important we do not know.

We depend upon you, gentlemen, and the society of which you are the
official representatives, to unroll the drapery so that our
knowledge may be greatly increased.

Again we say, welcome to Pawtucket!

Addresses were made by Joseph Smith, of Lowell; James Jeffrey Roche, of
Boston; and Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester.

On May 15, 1897, Hon. Edward A. Moseley, of Washington, D. C., was
chosen President-General of the society, to fill the vacancy caused by
the death of Admiral Meade.

A committee of three Washington members of the society was appointed to
wait upon Mr. Moseley and officially notify him of his selection. This
committee consisted of Mr. J. D. O’Connell of the U. S. Treasury
Department; Paymaster Carmody, U. S. N., and Capt. John M. Tobin.

The committee had waited upon Mr. Moseley as instructed, and Chairman
O’Connell thus presented the matter:

Mr. Moseley,—Complying with the directions of the Council of the
American-Irish Historical Society, we have come to announce to you,
in their name, your selection as President-General of the society.

To be the bearer of such information is generally a pleasant duty;
and it would be a pleasure to us in this instance, were it not for
the bereavement felt so keenly by every member of our society
because of the death of its first President-General, the late
Richard W. Meade, Rear-Admiral of the United States Navy—illustrious
in name and lineage and in the annals of his country.

It is a great honor to you, sir, to have been selected by the
unanimous voice of our council to the highest office in our society,
in immediate succession to such an illustrious man. Nevertheless, we
hope that under your administration the society is destined to grow
with the growth and strengthen with the strength of the Republic,
and that it will eventually achieve the glorious object of its
institution, namely, to prove to the civilized world, and especially
to the “English-speaking peoples,” that there is no distinction of
blood or race among the colonists and their descendants who peopled
this part of the continent from Great Britain and Ireland; that they
and the succeeding and ever-increasing waves of immigration, up to
and long after the Revolutionary War, were all people of the same
mixture of blood—Celtic and Germanic; the Celtic—and in that the
Irish Celtic—then predominant, as it still continues to be in every
region of the globe where the English language is spoken;
predominant also on every ocean where floats our own flag, and the
flag of “our kin beyond the sea,” which bears the insignia of the
“three kingdoms”—a flag we do not now respect, and never shall while
it is the emblem of tyranny in any land or on any sea.

[Illustration:

GEN. JAMES R. O’BEIRNE
NEW YORK
]

[Illustration:

M. J. HARSON
RHODE ISLAND
]

[Illustration:

GEN. M. C. BUTLER
SOUTH CAROLINA
]

[Illustration:

GEN. ST. CLAIR A. MULHOLLAND
PENNSYLVANIA
]

VICE-PRESIDENTS

_The President-General’s Reply._

President-General Moseley replied as follows:

Gentlemen,—Deeply appreciative as I am of the honor conferred upon
me by your tendering me the position of President-General of the
American-Irish Historical Society, I feel that the compliment is
greatly enhanced by my having been selected to fill the place so
recently made vacant by the death of one of our most illustrious
fellow-citizens, the late Rear-Admiral Richard W. Meade, of the
United States Navy.

Honored by all true patriots for the loyalty, courage, and
professional ability which so eminently distinguished him in his
country’s hour of trial, and throughout his whole career, no more
fitting representative of the Irish people, to whose history our
society is devoted, could have been chosen as its first
President-General, than Rear-Admiral Meade, who bore a name renowned
as well in the army as in the navy of our country.

While fully conscious of my being all too unworthy to occupy a
position which my predecessor so adequately filled, yet, as I am
most earnestly and heartily in sympathy with the objects of the
American-Irish Historical Society, and willing to share in its
labors and responsibilities, I cannot but accede to your wishes,
whatever misgivings I may have as to my ability to fulfill your
expectations.

My descent from Irish ancestry, of which I am justly proud, and also
from the English and Welsh, not only enables me to regard myself as
among typical Americans in respect of origin, as well as aspirations
and pride of country, but renders me fondly sympathetic with the
aims and purposes of this American-Irish Society.

The main purpose of the American-Irish Historical Society is to
elucidate the history of the Irish element in our people and the
extent of the contributions to our development and civilization
since the earliest colonial period,—a rich and greatly neglected
field for historical research.

The society intends to demonstrate the fact that this element has
not been given the credit which is its due by the writers of
American history, and to prove by authoritative records that from
the earliest days of the settlement of this country up to the
present day, it has done its part towards establishing and
maintaining this great Republic, and in developing its greatness in
every field of its achievements.

But it is not solely to chronicle the deeds of Irish ancestors, or
their descendants, and our contemporaries that we have organized an
historical society.

Ownership, or the right of possession, as well as pride of descent,
tend to make one a better citizen. We, therefore, desire that as our
young men grow up they may feel that they inherit the right of
ownership in our great country; that their ancestors have done their
part towards the up-building of the grandest nation upon earth—a
part not surpassed by any other element of our people, and therefore
that they should always exercise the right of citizenship as a
sacred trust transmitted to them for the glory and welfare of their
country.

Of all those who by immigration have helped to people our country,
the Irish have come imbued with the most intense feeling of loyalty
towards our institutions, and it may be safely asserted that, since
our independence of English rule was proclaimed, every true Irishman
has felt, on landing in America, that the American shore was not a
foreign shore for him. To perpetuate this feeling is the crowning
object for which the society is organized.

Again sincerely thanking the society, through the committee, for the
honor conferred upon him, President-General Moseley assured them that he
would discharge the duties of the office to the very best of his
ability.

In answer to the subjoined call the third meeting was held Nov. 16,
1897.

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL,
PAWTUCKET, R. I., Nov. 1, 1897.

DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the third meeting of the
American-Irish Historical Society will be held at Young’s Hotel,
Boston, Mass., on Tuesday evening, Nov. 16, 1897.

There will be a business session of the society at 6.30 P.M.,
followed, at 7.30 o’clock, by a dinner and post-prandial exercises
of an interesting nature.

The after-dinner features will include:

(1) An address by the presiding officer.

(2) The reading of letters from distinguished members of the
society unable to be present.

(3) A paper by Mr. Dennis Harvey Sheahan, of Providence, R. I.
(ex-clerk of the Rhode Island House of Representatives), on “The
Need of an Organization such as the A. I. H. S., and its Scope.”

(4) A congratulatory letter from His Excellency Elisha Dyer,
Governor of Rhode Island.

(5) An address by Mr. John Mackinnon Robertson, of London, author
of _The Saxon and the Celt_.

(6) A communication to the society from Hon. Joseph T. Lawless,
Secretary of State, Virginia.

(7) A paper on “The O’Briens of Machias, in the Revolution,” by
Mr. H. W. Chaplin, of Boston, Mass., who is a descendant of the
O’Briens.

Invitations to attend the dinner have been extended Rear-Admiral
Belknap, U. S. N.; Dr. John Sullivan, a descendant of Gen. John
Sullivan of the Revolution; and President Andrews, of Brown
University. President Andrews’s work on American history is well
known, and his patriotic address recently, before the Twentieth
Century Club, will not soon be forgotten.

It is earnestly desired that every member of the society who can
possibly be present at the coming meeting will attend and help make
the event the great success it so richly deserves.

Fraternally, and in behalf of the Executive Council of the Society,

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
Secretary-General.

The third general meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society was
held at Young’s Hotel, Boston, on the evening of November 16, about
seventy members being in attendance. Gen. James R. O’Beirne,
Vice-President for New York, presided at the business session.
Secretary-General Thomas Hamilton Murray made his official report,
saying:

The society is steadily growing in membership, and is receiving an
excellent class of active workers. Many of these new accessions are
gentlemen of national reputation. Before the year closes it is
expected that between five and six hundred members will have been
enrolled. Since the founding of the organization last January, three
members have died. They were Postmaster Coveney, of Boston;
Rear-Admiral Meade, who was the first President-General of the
society; and Lawrence J. Smith, of Lowell, Mass.

Twenty-eight states, the District of Columbia, and two foreign
countries are now represented in the society’s membership. Since the
last gathering of the organization the council of the society has
held a number of meetings, and has materially furthered the
movement.

The organization has enlisted widespread attention, and requests for
genealogical information, historical data and facts relating to
early Irish settlers in this country have been received almost
daily. Several of the society’s members are of Revolutionary stock,
and some are descendants of officers who served under Washington.
Some of the members, too, trace their American ancestry back to a
period anterior to King Philip’s War.

Since the last meeting an excellent article descriptive of the
society and its purposes has been contributed to the _Granite State
Monthly_, of Concord, N. H., by the Treasurer-General, John C.
Linehan. A committee of Washington members of the society now has in
preparation a diploma of membership and a seal. This committee will
probably be ready to submit its designs at the next meeting. The
members at the national capital have extended the society a cordial
invitation to hold its coming meeting in that city, and have, in
fact, already begun preparations for the event, under the direction
of President-General Moseley. Gen. James R. O’Beirne, on behalf of
the New York members, has also tendered the organization an
invitation to meet in the near future in that city.

The last meeting of the society’s council was held in Pawtucket, R.
I., as the guests of the members in that place and Providence. The
meeting was very profitable to the cause. Several new members were
obtained for the organization; and the entertainers’ hospitality was
unbounded. The council has been invited to attend similar gatherings
in Worcester, Lawrence, and other cities. This indicates the
interest aroused. Massachusetts has at present the largest
representation in the society; then follow in order Maine, New
Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania.

At the conclusion of Mr. Murray’s report a committee of three was
appointed to take suitable action on the death of Lawrence J. Smith, of
Lowell, Mass. The committee consists of Joseph Smith, Lowell; Thomas B.
Lawler, Worcester; and Capt. P. S. Curry, Lynn.

William McConway, of Pittsburg, Pa., presented a check for $50 to the
society.

It was voted to hold the next meeting of the society in New York City.

The business session then adjourned, and the company proceeded to
dinner.

Hon. Thomas J. Gargan presided; and seated on his right and left were
John Mackinnon Robertson, of London; Admiral Belknap, U. S. N.; Gen. J.
R. O’Beirne, New York; Hon. P. A. Collins, Boston; Col. John C. Linehan,
Concord, N. H.; Rev. Edward McSweeney, Bangor, Me.; James Jeffrey Roche,
of Boston; Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester; and Joseph Smith, of Lowell.

Around the tables were noted: the Revs. William P. McQuaid, Boston; John
Harty, Pawtucket, R. I.; J. H. Lyons, Boston; Dr. W. D. Collins,
Haverhill, Mass.; Dennis H. Sheahan, Providence, R. I.; Stephen J.
Casey, Providence; Osborne Howes, Boston; Humphrey O’Sullivan, Lowell,
Mass.; J. F. Brennan, Peterboro, N. H.; Representative John Jolly,
Alderman Thomas O’Brien, and Hugh J. Lee, Pawtucket, R. I.; Daniel
Donovan, Timothy Donovan, and P. S. Curry, Lynn, Mass.; Hon. Joseph H.
O’Neil, Dr. William H. Grainger, Dr. P. J. Timmins, M. A. Toland, Edward
A. McLaughlin, M. J. Jordan, Dr. P. F. Gavin, Charles E. S. MacCorry,
Joseph P. Flatley, Jeremiah W. Fogarty, all of Boston; Edmund Reardon,
Capt. J. F. Murray, and Edward M. Manning, of Cambridge, Mass.; James
Cunningham and Frank W. Cunningham, of Portland, Me.; and many others.

After dinner a short but stirring speech was made by the presiding
officer, Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, who said in part:

It cannot be otherwise than interesting to analyze the materials
entering into the warp and woof of our democratic fabric. We are a
nation receiving emigrants from almost every country on the face of
the globe. We are endeavoring to amalgamate people of different
races, languages, and religions into a homogeneous mass, eliminating
all that is vicious, and so refining what is good, hoping to evolve
the best type of manhood and womanhood to be found in the coming
century.

Doubtless the descendants of each race making contributions to our
population will perform their share of the work in tracing their
early settlements and their efforts in up-building the Republic. Our
share of the work is to examine the data and preserve the records of
the Irish and their descendants, and their contributions to the
settlement of the original Colonies, the founding of the nation, the
upholding of the Union, and the maintenance of democratic
institutions.

Proud of our ancestry, yet loving the United States and loyal to our
citizenship, we desire a fair share of credit for what they have
accomplished. We respect the Germans, the French, the Italians, and
the genuine Scotchman; but for that masquerading misnomer, the
Scotch-Irishman, who claims no ancestry and no country as his own,
we have only contempt; and he will go down to posterity as he
deserves, “unwept, unhonored, and unsung.”

A distinguished man has said “the Irish have fought successfully the
battles of all countries but their own.” They have also contributed
their full share to the civilization and progress of all
English-speaking people. That they possess brilliant qualities is
not denied; but it is charged that they lack steadiness of purpose.
I think a careful and critical study of the history of this country
will refute this assertion.

To assert that they have imperfections is but to say they are human.
For much of their humanity, I say God bless them. I wish there was a
little more humanity in the world in our day.

We of this society are only asking that they may be spoken of and
written of impartially, truthfully. “Nothing extenuate, nor set down
aught in malice.” We will accept our share of just criticism. The
malice and insolence of ignorance have unfortunately held the
platform too long. It is our duty to endeavor to refute errors with
clear statements of cold facts. For such purposes this society was
organized; and it is very gratifying to be able to announce that in
ten months since its organization we have already a list of nearly
five hundred members coming from almost every state in the Union,
representing some of the most distinguished men and families of the
Republic. I congratulate you, fellow-members, on this signal
success.

Mr. Gargan then introduced Mr. John Mackinnon Robertson, of London,
author of many striking books and pamphlets, but most widely and
favorably known to members of the Society and Irish-Americans generally
by his masterly work, _The Saxon and the Celt_. Mr. Robertson is a tall,
handsome man of forty, with dark hair, moustache and beard, and a
well-modulated voice, which without effort reached the furthest part of
the room. He gesticulates very seldom, and uses none of the tricks of
the practiced orator; but he held his audience in rapt attention
throughout his whole discourse, evoking applause and laughter at
frequent intervals. He is a firm believer in the ultimate and not far
distant triumph of Home Rule; and his advice to the American friends of
the cause had the merit of novelty at least.

MR. ROBERTSON’S ADDRESS.

Mr. Robertson expressed the satisfaction with which he found himself at
a union of an Irish society whose purpose was the systematic and
dispassionate study of a department of the history of the race. The new
movement was the more hopeful, seeing that it proceeded on democratic
lines. It was said that war could not be carried on by a committee. If
the military gentlemen present would forgive him, he would confess that
he wished it could not be done in any other way, either (laughter); but
he was sure that historical research could very well be so carried on.
In so far as the Nationalist movement had of late years lost headway, it
could fairly be said that it was because of an imperfect application of
the spirit of democracy in its ranks. A great man was at once one of the
greatest boons that could befall any cause, and one of the greatest
dangers, because where the great man was all in all, the powers of the
lesser men were undeveloped, and their faculty of coöperation was in a
measure destroyed. The Nationalist movement had been shattered somewhat
as the party of Cromwell was shattered at his death; but it would find
the cure which, in the old case, had not been forthcoming (applause).
Every development of democratic methods would make for reconstruction.

Above all, the present movement was full of promise, because it was
essentially scientific in its aim.

Dennis Harvey Sheahan, of Providence, R. I., read the following paper on
“The Need of an Organization such as the American-Irish Historical
Society, and its Scope”:

The history of a country is dear to the heart of the lover of that
country. By the aid of historical study we learn of the origin,
growth, and development of a race of people; their customs,
religions, laws, governments; their accomplishments and what they
have contributed to the economy of the world. The historian points
out the past to the present and future. He puts aside the veil that
has gathered about the dim past, opens up to the gaze of the bright
present the panorama of human achievement, and blazes the way for
his successor in the rosy future.

What the clergyman learns from the theological disputations of the
past, the poring monk has gathered together; what the physician now
acquires with comparative ease is furnished him by the knowledge
garnered from the experience of his brethren from the time when man
learned that pain and aches affected his being; what the lawyer
gains from precedents is a guiding light which sheds its rays upon
problems of jurisprudence that the legal lore of the past
generations has taken from the leaves of experience; what formulæ
the scientist is able to demonstrate he owes to the observations of
men who, through the ages, have chronicled the phenomena of nature;
the statesman is able to meet the crises of the present by being
informed as to other crises in governmental affairs.

The citizen of a republic who neglects to learn the fundamental
principles upon which rest the laws of the land, who does not know
how the country was developed and maintained, is as a blind man, and
is not able to bring to the exercise of his suffrage the amount of
intelligence that the country has a right to require from him.

This obligation comes to us in a twofold capacity. We, as citizens
of this great Republic, should study the history of our country from
a patriotic standpoint, while as Irishmen, or descendants of that
race, it should be not only a duty but a pleasure to learn of the
deeds of Irishmen in America.

Therefore, an organization such as the American-Irish Historical
Society, if it had no other _raison d’être_, would accomplish a
patriotic purpose if it served only as an incentive to the study of
the deeds of Irishmen in America.

It has become almost a maxim in historical matters that the history
of events cannot be accepted as facts until the generation which
lived at the time said events occurred has passed away.

The passions, influences, and conditions which generate, shape, and
control events lend a coloring to their recital which, deep-lined or
faint as painted by the writer at the time, are toned down or made
stronger by the historian of a future generation who, unmindful of
passions, influences, or conditions, and with an eye single to the
preservation of history by means of the truth, makes past
occurrences stand out in their true light.

Deeds that have received but a passing mention from writers whose
minds were biased are rescued from an unmerited insignificance and
placed high in the Temple of Fame, while highly extolled acts, given
an undue prominence by a partisan writer, are consigned to a merited
oblivion by the historian of a later but more impartial epoch.

It is not often true of history that the stone which was rejected by
the builder becomes the corner stone of the edifice.

A member of the Society of Friends who desires to familiarize
himself with the history of his sect in New England would find but
little of the truth in the writings which have come from such
intellectual dyspeptics as Cotton Mather and his disciples. But in
the unwritten history of Quaker persecutions that have become
legendary, by the purity of their lives, by their nobility of
character and their Christianizing influences, the pioneers of that
faith stand out in bold relief in the religious history of Puritan
New England, with its dark background of scourging, mutilation,
banishments, and hangings.

By analogy, how can the Irish-American race expect that the history
of Irishmen in New England can be presented in just proportion to
the true merits of the case?

In fact, who has heard much of Irishmen in New England until the
present generation? As in New England, so throughout the Colonies.
The Virginia Cavalier was not less hostile to the Irish than the
Massachusetts Puritan.

Should the American-Irish Historical Society go out of existence
to-night, it would have already accomplished a grand mission in
this: that it has brought forth from obscure records the deeds of
Irishmen in America, and has laid the foundation for the erection of
an historical monument to Irishmen that, with its base laid in
colonial times, and still being constructed, challenges the respect
and admiration of all lovers of American history.

The work of this society has been thus far practically confined to
research of New England records. This research has been fruitful of
good results.

Among other things we learn of the Irish as brickmakers of Rehoboth
and settlers in Salem and Lynn in early colonial times.

Again, we learn that the Irish in the Granite State had become so
numerous in colonial times that the General Court of Massachusetts
passed a law prohibiting the “wild Irishmen of New Hampshire” from
coming across the state line, lest they should drive out the people
of the older colony. As long as that state shall last the glory and
the fame of the Sullivans and their contemporaries of the Irish race
will remain illustrious.

The history of Irishmen in Maine will be dwelt upon in the address
of one of the gentlemen who is to follow on the program.

This research has extracted from the records of Rhode Island the
influence of the Irish schoolmaster, McSparren, in moulding the
intellectual development of that colony; it has called attention to
the work of Bishop Berkely in the promotion of education there, and
what is to me, personally, exceedingly pleasant information, that
Brown University, my beloved Alma Mater, in its infancy was succored
by the contributions of worthy people residing in Ireland.

The work of presenting to the world the achievements of Irishmen in
America, in its just proportion to the achievements of men of other
races in the colonization, struggle for independence, and the
creation of a republic, the development of that republic from a
theory into a concrete nation, and the perpetuation of that nation,
is a duty not only to the men whose deeds are to be chronicled, but
also a debt which we owe to ourselves, which we should cheerfully
assume.

The labor involved in this from its very nature is such as can only
be performed by an organization such as the American-Irish
Historical Society.

The true status of the Irish in America, notwithstanding the fact
that their brain and brawn have been interwoven in the woof and web
of our nation’s fabric, has never been fully appreciated, by reason
of the prejudices which have been associated with anything that bore
an Irish name. This prejudice, in no small part, arose from
misconception and misunderstanding of the Irish nature, temperament,
and characteristics. There is a brand of bigotry that is sometimes
designated as inborn. In the case of a bigot whose bigotry is
congenital, it is well to follow the scriptural injunction to reason
not with a fool lest he grow wise. But in the case of those persons
who, by reason of misconception or want of acquaintance with
Irishmen, cannot properly estimate our race, yet whose minds are
broad enough to cherish the worth of a man when demonstrated, and
whose patriotism counts every man a friend who has contributed to
the glory of his country, an impartial history of the deeds of
Irishmen in America would effectively serve to displace any
prejudice.

What lover of the human race, animated by that noble sentiment of
Terence, “I am a man, and I think nothing human foreign to me,” can
fail to appreciate the sturdy virtues of the Irish people in
America, their patient industry, their obedience to constituted
authority, their domestic constancy, their desire to provide homes
for their families and education for their children?

What patriotic American can fail to be moved by emotions of
gratitude when he learns among other facts that the Irish in Ireland
assisted with food and provisions the struggling settlers of Boston
in a time of dire distress; that Irishmen of Philadelphia
contributed large sums of money to the famished Revolutionary heroes
at Valley Forge; that George Washington considered himself honored
in being elected a member of an Irish society; that nine of the
signers of the Declaration of Independence were men of Irish blood;
that on the field of war, and in the council chamber of the nation,
as well as in the administration of national, state, and municipal
affairs, from the time of our earliest history to the present time,
men of that race have given their lives and property to the nation’s
cause? The work of this society thus far in this direction gives
promise of either destroying the prejudices that have hitherto
existed against the Irish people, or removing the venom from the
fangs of bigotry.

To my mind the most urgent need of a society of this nature is the
means it affords of preserving Irish history in America. It would be
a great misfortune if the history of the Irish people in America, at
present fragmentary at best, yet gathered together under favorable
conditions and after the most careful and painstaking labor, could
not find some secure lodgment.

What more suitable abiding place than the cabinet of the
American-Irish Historical Society, from whence it could find its way
into the private and public libraries, not only of our own country,
but of the civilized world?

This society in the short time it has been in existence has
accomplished so much in its chosen field as already to have
demonstrated quite clearly its scope. From the publications issued
by its members, notably the work of our Secretary-General in
Massachusetts and Rhode Island, General Linehan in New Hampshire,
Senator Walsh in Georgia, Hon. Joseph T. Lawless in Virginia, and
others, our society has already contributed a fund of rich
historical value to the history of this country. It would suffice to
cite this labor to show the scope.

The thought has occurred to me that it might be well, however, to
suggest a specialization of this work and to provide avenues for its
dissemination. The society should pursue the line of procedure
already mapped out by extending its membership to every state in the
country. Membership should be selected from men of scholarly
attainments devoted to historical research. This membership should
be so catholic as to include men of all religious denominations and
nationalities.

Apropos of this I beg leave to call attention to the great work done
and being done by German scholars in the study of Celtic, to
illustrate the probable value of assistance that might be rendered
to us by men of other nationalities. The society should coöperate
with the movements in the other states, looking to the establishment
of record commissions, and in states where such movements have not
been set on foot, to labor to create such movements. In addition to
this the products of the research of the society should be edited,
and when preserved in book form copies of these should be
distributed to other historical societies and placed in public and
private libraries. Volumes could be printed from time to time, a
number of which could be placed on the market for sale, thereby
defraying the expenses of publishing the same.

With such an inviting field of labor spread out before us, this
society not only supplies a long-felt want, but also a means of
inspiration. Each member can contribute to the common fund of
historical data, and the sum total of these contributions will go to
make up a work of great value.

The need of such an organization as the American-Irish Historical
Society being demonstrated, and its scope clearly defined, all that
remains to be done to perpetuate its success is to continue in the
work already so auspiciously undertaken.

The following letter was read from President Andrews of Brown
University:

PRESIDENT’S ROOM, BROWN UNIVERSITY,
PROVIDENCE, R. I., Nov. 10, 1897.

MY DEAR MR. MURRAY:—Your American-Irish Historical Society meeting
is sure to be a most interesting one, and but for the condition of
my health and the numerous engagements for this month to which I am
already pledged, I should certainly attend. As it is, I can only
send you this testimonial of my interest in your organization and in
the important phase of our American history which it is designed to
investigate and expound.

The society can, and no doubt will, perform a most valuable work.
The researches concerning the men whom I call the Irish Pilgrim
fathers—the earliest representatives of the Irish race in New
England—which you, yourself, sir, have so well begun, ought to be
carried to the utmost attainable completion.

In early southern history Irishmen were a factor of the utmost
importance. The Irish settlers and settlements in North Carolina and
early Kentucky furnish an attractive subject for historical study,
which, I believe, has never yet been adequately dealt with.

The American-Irish Historical Society will certainly prompt some of
the numerous and brilliant youth of Irish descent, now coming forth
from American colleges in such numbers, to turn their studies in the
direction named.

Yours with sincere esteem,
E. BENJ. ANDREWS.

The Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, who were in session in New York on the
previous evening, sent the following:

NEW YORK, Nov. 15, 1897.

TO THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

GENTLEMEN:—The Friendly Sons of St. Patrick of New York, an
association of Irishmen and Irish-Americans coeval with the founding
of this government, sends to you its heartiest fraternal greeting
through your representative, Mr. Lawler. We fully appreciate the
great value of the work you have undertaken—a work that involves the
preservation of the record and achievements of men of Irish blood in
the building and preservation of the American Republic.

The record of our race on this continent is glorious with patriotism
and self-sacrifice; it is a record of honest toil, of love of
freedom and religion, of devotion to God and country.

In preserving an authentic account of these achievements, the
American-Irish Historical Society is performing a work of justice to
the Irish race and an invaluable service to American history.

With every wish for your success, we remain fraternally yours,

MORGAN J. O’BRIEN,
President, Friendly Sons St. Patrick, by John J. Rooney.

Hon. P. A. Collins and Gen. J. R. O’Beirne dissented, courteously but
firmly, from the proposition that justice is to be won from England by
patience and a campaign of education. Recalling Parnell’s first visit to
Boston, General Collins told with impressiveness how Wendell Phillips
attended the great meeting, in order, as he said, “to look upon the man
who had made John Bull listen.” We must make John Bull listen, was the
theme of General Collins’s eloquent address. Though he had come
unprepared to speak, he was in excellent form and showed no diminution
of his old-time vigor and clearness of expression.

General O’Beirne, whose erect, soldierly figure and noble countenance
“showed him no carpet-knight so trim, but in close fight a warrior
grim,” spoke with burning words of the cause that is defeated but not
lost, and never can be lost while Irishmen preserve their racial
character. History for seven hundred years has shown their undying
fortitude, and he predicted that it would record the same through all
the years to come, whether Freedom come soon or late.

Admiral Belknap, U. S. N., Rev. Edward McSweeney, of Bangor, Me., and
other gentlemen made brief impromptu remarks, and the meeting adjourned
after passing a vote of thanks to Mr. Robertson for his entertaining
discourse.

_New Members Admitted._

The following new members were admitted: His Excellency Elisha Dyer,
Governor of Rhode Island; Hon. Joseph T. Lawless, Secretary of State,
Virginia; Hon. Elisha W. Bucklin, ex-State Auditor, Pawtucket, R. I.;
Hon. Wauhope Lynn, New York City; Recorder Goff, New York City; Hon. W.
F. Reddy, Richmond, Va.; Col. James Armstrong, Charleston, S. C.; Col.
C. C. Sanders, Gainesville, Ga.; Mr. Edward Fitzpatrick, staff of the
_Courier-Journal_, Louisville, Ky.; Hon. John F. Finerty, editor the
_Citizen_, Chicago, Ill.; Mr. M. J. Dowling, secretary National
Republican League, Renville, Minn.; Mr. Michael Walsh, LL.D., Ph.D.,
editor _Sunday Democrat_, New York City; Mr. James D. Power, Washington,
D. C.; Capt. John Flannery, Savannah, Ga.; Hon. Matthew O’Doherty,
Louisville, Ky.; Mr. Edward L. Hearn, South Framingham, Mass.; Capt.
John J. Coffey, Neponset, Mass.; Mr. Stephen J. Casey, Providence, R.
I.; Mr. John B. Kehoe, Portland, Me.; Mr. Anthony J. Philpott, Boston,
Mass.; Mr. William Lyman, New York City; Dr. Daniel I. O’Keefe, Jamaica
Plain, Mass.; Dr. Thomas J. Dillon, Roxbury, Mass.; Dr. James E.
Keating, Portland, Me.; the Rev. J. Phelan, Rock Valley, Ia.; Capt.
Thomas J. Hogan, Portland, Me.; Mr. Thomas J. Lane, East Boston, Mass.;
Mr. John Ahern, Concord, N. H.; Dr. Edward J. McDonough, Portland, Me.;
Mr. Hugh J. Lee, Pawtucket, R. I.

Mr. Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester, presented the following New York
gentlemen as candidates for the society, and they were all admitted:

Hon. Joseph F. Daly, Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien, Hon. Frederick Smyth, Hon.
E. F. O’Dwyer, Hon. Thomas S. Brennan, Col. William L. Brown, Dr.
Charles J. Perry, Dr. Constantine Macguire, Maj. John Byrne, F. C.
Travers, M. A. O’Byrne, John Crane, J. M. Fitzpatrick, D. P. Murphy,
Jr., Robert E. Danvers, Stephen J. Geoghegan, James P. Campbell, Daniel
O’Day, John J. Rooney, Laurence Winters, William Cranitch, James G.
Johnson, William F. Clare, Edward J. McGuire, Daniel F. Colahan, Edward
D. Farrell, William M. Penney.

On Feb. 1, 1898, the following invitation was issued to the members:

DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the annual meeting of the
American-Irish Historical Society will be held at the Hotel San
Remo, New York City, Thursday evening, Feb. 17, 1898.

The San Remo is owned by a member of our society (Mr. Michael
Brennan) and is located at Central Park West, Seventy-fourth and
Seventy-fifth Streets. It is easy of access and excellently adapted
to a gathering such as we have in view.

There will be a business session of the society at 7 P.M., at which
the annual election of officers will take place. At 8 o’clock the
society and guests will proceed to dinner.

Gen. James R. O’Beirne, Vice-President of our society for New York
State, will preside.

The delegation from the New England states will include the Hon.
John C. Linehan, State Insurance Commissioner of New Hampshire; the
Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, ex-President of the Charitable Irish
Society (founded 1737); James Jeffrey Roche, LL.D., editor of the
Boston _Pilot_, and other prominent gentlemen.

At the business session an amendment to Article XII of the
Constitution will be offered. This article at present provides that
the executive council of the society shall consist of _ten_ members
(in addition to the general officers). The proposed amendment, if
passed, would change the language to read “not less than ten, nor
more than twenty.”

During the post-prandial exercises Mr. Joseph Smith, secretary of
the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass., will read a paper on “American
History as it is Falsified.”

Fraternally,
EDWARD A. MOSELEY,
President-General.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
Secretary-General.

The annual meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society was held on
Thursday evening, 17th inst., at the Hotel San Remo, New York City. A
large and representative gathering was present. Six states,—New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and New
Jersey,—sent delegations. Fifteen states were represented by letters
expressing congratulations and good wishes.

President-General Moseley, of Washington, D. C., was unable to be
present owing to a press of duties as secretary of the Interstate
Commerce Commission, but his annual address was read to the society by
Gen. James R. O’Beirne, Vice-President for New York. It was an eloquent
production.

The society made its headquarters for the occasion at the San Remo, a
magnificent house, owned by a member of the organization, Mr. Michael
Brennan. It is situated at Central Park West and Seventy-Fifth Street,
and is one of the finest hotels in the world. The banquet hall where the
annual dinner of the society took place is located on the tenth floor
and was lighted by over a thousand incandescent electric lamps. The
scene was one of great brilliancy.

[Illustration:

T. E. A. WEADOCK
MICHIGAN
]

[Illustration:

IGNATIUS DONNELLY
MINNESOTA
]

[Illustration:

JAMES E. LOWERY
COLORADO
]

[Illustration:

JAMES CUNNINGHAM
MAINE
]

VICE-PRESIDENTS

Among the early arrivals were: Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.;
Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.; Mr. James Jeffrey Roche, editor of
_The Pilot_; Mr. T. B. Fitzpatrick, of Brown, Durrell & Co., Boston; Mr.
Joseph P. Flatley, Boston; Mr. Joseph F. Swords, Hartford, Conn.; Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, grandnephew of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet; Mr.
Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.; Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York; Mr.
Frank C. Travers, New York; Capt. E. O’Meagher Condon, Washington, D.
C.; Mr. Stephen J. Geoghegan, New York; Thomas Dunn English, Newark; and
many others.

The business meeting and annual election took place at 7.30 P.M., and
was held in the grand ballroom of the San Remo, which was comfortably
filled.

General O’Beirne called the assemblage to order. Secretary-General
Murray read the records of the previous meeting held by the society in
Boston, and the same were approved.

It was announced that since that meeting three members of the society
had died. They were: Hon. Owen A. Galvin, Boston; Hon. Charles B.
Gafney, Rochester, N. H.; and Hon. John Cochran, New York City.

Committees were appointed to take suitable action on the deceased
members.

The committee on audit, appointed to examine the books of the
Treasurer-General, consisted of Judge Wauhope Lynn, New York; Mr. T. B.
Lawler, Worcester, Mass.; and Mr. Michael Brennan, New York. The
committee reported the books as displaying excellent system and
arrangement, and the accounts of receipts and expenditures as being in
an eminently satisfactory condition. The report was unanimously approved
and adopted.

The society then proceeded to the election of new members, and some
thirty were admitted from New York, Virginia, Texas, and other states.
Among these new members is the Rev. Dr. McComb, a Presbyterian minister
of New York City.

The proposed amendment to Article XII of the Constitution was adopted.
It provided for an increase of ten in the make-up of the council of the
society. The new members elected to the council under this provision
comprise: Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien, a Justice of the New York Supreme
Court; Hon. John D. Crimmins; Mr. Joseph F. Swords, Hartford, Conn.; Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, New York; Mr. Stephen J. Geoghegan, Mr. Francis
Higgins, Hon. James S. Coleman, and F. C. Travers, New York City.

In addition to the foregoing, the annual election resulted as follows:
President-General, Edward A. Moseley, Washington, D. C.;
Secretary-General, Thomas Hamilton Murray, Pawtucket, R. I.;
Treasurer-General, Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.; Librarian and
Archivist, Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass. These are all reëlections.

After the transactions of some routine matters the business meeting
adjourned.

A short time later the line was formed and marched to the banquet hall,
which was handsomely decorated. In the rear of the presiding officer’s
chair was a glory of flags in which the star-spangled banner and the
Irish tricolor predominated. American and Irish flags of small size were
also distributed adown the tables, mingled with flowers and potted
plants. Overhead the effulgence of a thousand electric lights served to
add further brilliancy to the scene.

In a bower composed of huge palms and smaller plants was stationed an
orchestra which discoursed sweet music during the repast. The company
around the board represented, without exaggeration, several million
dollars. Catholics and Protestants were there, Democrats, Republicans,
and Independents. It was a remarkable gathering in many ways, and was
indicative of the strength and representative character already attained
by the society.

General O’Beirne presided, and seated on his right and left were Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, Hon. Thomas Dunn English, Hon. John D. Crimmins,
Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, James Jeffrey Roche, Joseph Smith, Judge Wauhope
Lynn, Hon. John C. Linehan, F. C. Travers, V. P. Travers, John Crane,
and T. B. Lawler.

Also present were noted: Commissioner Coleman, New York; Capt. E. T.
McCrystal, of the Sixty-Ninth Regiment, New York; Dr. T. F. Harrington
and Dr. George Leahey, Lowell, Mass.; Commissioner McSweeney, New York;
W. F. Foley, Houston, Texas; John J. Rooney; and about one hundred
others.

The menu card was especially designed for the occasion and elicited much
favorable comment. During the evening a copy of the first Yearbook of
the society was presented to each member present.

A feature of the evening was the rendition by the orchestra of “Ben
Bolt,” out of compliment to the author, Dr. Thomas Dunn English, who
was present. He is now about eighty years of age, and tears glistened
in the old man’s eyes at this thoughtful tribute. The post-prandial
exercises were opened by General O’Beirne who, after a stirring
address on the objects of the society, read the annual address of the
President-General, which was frequently applauded. He then
successively introduced the speakers of the evening, who were Dr.
Emmet, Dr. English, Mr. Gargan, Colonel Linehan, Captain Condon, Judge
Lynn, and a number of others.

A great feature of this part of the program was an able paper by Mr.
Joseph Smith, on “American History as it is Falsified.” He said:

SOME WAYS IN WHICH HISTORY IS FALSIFIED.

When the American-Irish Historical Society was organized a year ago
in Boston, it declared its purpose to be the investigation into, and
the recording of, the influence of the Irish element in the
up-building of the American nation. We said then that the work and
contributions of the Irish race on this soil had received scant
recognition from the writers of American history; and we announced
that whether that omission sprang from carelessness, ignorance,
indifference, or design was not so important as the imperative
necessity of remedying such a state of affairs in the interest of
historical accuracy and racial fair play. For the past year our
society has been in its formative stages; in the coming years I have
ample faith that numbers, funds, earnestness, and enthusiasm will
enable us to do our work effectively.

American history is being rewritten; the legendary and sentimental
method of writing it is growing in disfavor; a scientific age
demands the truth, and under its insistence new data are coming to
light and old myths are passing away. It is beginning to dawn on
American minds that this republic is the child of Europe and not of
England; that old man of buckram—the Anglo-Saxon—is having a hard
time with that new man of straw—the Scotch-Irishman; and when
science gets the latter on the dissecting table there won’t be much
left of him but rags and papier-maché.

To-night I will try to direct your attention to “Some Ways in which
American History is Falsified”; and by falsification I do not mean
so much the deliberate perversion of facts as I do the false effects
produced by evasion, distortion, wrong point of view, and the
physical and mental limitations and defects of writers, which in
their results are quite as mischievous as those produced by
perversion and design.

I will for my purposes group my object lessons under four heads,
illustrating each with a writer passing current as an historian.

1. _Mental Invalidism._ The disease of certain literary doctrinaires
whose natural defects have been aggravated by education and fixed by
training. Prof. John W. Burgess, of Columbia University, is a fine
type of this arrogant school of dogmatism.

2. _Legend and Sentiment._ The exploitation of legends, inherited
ideas, race and family myths, made current and passing into
literature by the efforts of those whose faith in folklore as
historical data is profound, and to whom facts and documentary
evidence are unimportant. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, an amateur
historian, is the high priest of this cult; he is the custodian and
incense swinger of the deified Puritan, the marvel and fountain of
the graces of the modern age.

3. _Imagination._ The school of writers who add to the gayety of
nations, who make history from their own inner consciousness, and
who record it as they imagine it ought to be, not as it is. Under
this head comes that humorless horde of scribblers, the Scotch-Irish
littérateurs, and the intellectual giant of Tennessee, Judge Temple,
author of _Covenanter, Cavalier, Puritan_.

4. _Carelessness and Credulity._ Writers who accept any evidence
stated with solemnity and the air of authority, but who subject it
to no tests to ascertain its verity and genuineness. Under this head
I take exceptions to the statements made by Prof. John Fiske in a
recent work, a writer hitherto regarded as safe and reliable.

I will now devote a few minutes to a work entitled _Political
Science and Constitutional Law_, written by Prof. John W. Burgess,
of Columbia University, and designed to be a text-book for that and
other educational institutions.

Mr. Burgess is a rampant type of what a coldly critical and
remorselessly correct writer, John M. Robertson, of London, calls a
Celtophobe—a Celt hater. The learned Professor asserts dogmatically
that the Celt never has, never can, and never will amount to
anything nationally or politically; and that all law, order, and
scientific government have sprung from and are due to what he calls
the Teutonic races. Professor Burgess is a product of German
training and education, and his views have received the cordial
endorsement of such a calm and dispassionate authority as the London
_Times_. The careful writer in stating his theory will fortify it
with facts and figures and marshal his authorities before proceeding
to erect a fabric on it; but Professor Burgess isn’t that kind of a
man. He states his theory with an air of profound conviction and
authority and goes ahead. His theory, like a good many other fabrics
“made in Germany,” looks well, is calculated to deceive the unwary
and unthinking, but under very ordinary scrutiny proves to be very
commonplace, shoddy.

Let me show you a few of the gems from his treasury:

“Only the Teutonic races have produced national states.... The
National State is thus the most modern and most complete solution of
the whole problem of political organization which the world has as
yet produced; and the fact that it is the creation of the Teutonic
political genius stamps the Teutonic races as the political nations
_par excellence_, and authorizes them in the economy of the world to
assume the leadership in the establishment and administration of
states.”

This brilliant outburst winds up a series of equally impressive
statements. Just what the Professor means by National States and
political nations I do not know, nor am I sure he knows himself. At
any rate, he appears to lay down a doctrine very delightful to these
governments which bully nations and steal territories, if not quite
so agreeable to those bullied and plundered.

Now listen to his views on the unfortunate Celt; they have the old
familiar ring of anti-Irish hysteria, for which familiarity has bred
Irish contempt.

“Personal attachment in small bodies to a chosen Chief is the
peculiar political trait of the Celtic nations.... The effect of
such a political character has always been the organization of the
Celtic nations into numberless petty military States, in each of
which individual rights have been ignored; between all of which
civil war has been the permanent status; and against which foreign
force has been continually successful.... Violence and Corruption
have always marked the politics of Celtic nations.”

Let us stop for a moment to analyze this tremendous blast from
Columbia University, remembering that Germany and England are
Professor Burgess’s ideal Teutonic nations.

From the time of the Roman retrocession from England until the
landing of William the Norman at Hastings, that unfortunate land was
in the hands of one of the dullest, most unimaginative,
worst-governed, and worst-governing races history mentions—the
Saxons—for six hundred years; it had become a congeries of warring,
military chieftainship, in which civilization was almost
obliterated, learning had disappeared, religion was at its lowest
ebb, life and property had no safety, the people were enslaved, and
the coast harried by foreign and victorious foes. The advent of a
strong conqueror—a mixed Celt and Norseman—changed all this,
hammered England into a strong military kingdom, connected her with
the civilization that has made the world what it is—the Latin—and
did in six years what the pure Teutonic race had signally failed to
do in as many centuries.

Prior to the historic event known as the Reformation, Germany had as
much peace as her neighbors—which wasn’t much—and all she had she
owed to her intercourse with the Latin South, to her touch with the
civilization and religion of Rome. After that event Germany was torn
into factions, military chiefs sprang up, petty military states were
made, violence and corruption were the rule, civilization
retrogressed, the people were degraded and the land devastated.
Germany was without unity; her mercenaries were for sale to the
highest bidder; she was terrible only to her children, the prey of
foreign forces, with civil war a permanent status. The advent of
Napoleon was a blessing; he hammered a lot of petty principalities
out of existence and formed two or three monarchies out of the
bewildering many. The fall of Napoleon saw Germany a confederation,
much after the fashion of pre-Reformation days, with Austria on top.
Again came wars and dissensions, and finally the strong conqueror
who united Germany against a common foe and made her what she is
to-day. Germany, I take it, is the highest political expression of
the Teutonic race, according to the dictum of Professor Burgess.
What is it?

A military despotism of the most mediæval type, governed by an
autocrat of doubtful sanity, whose person is more sacred apparently
than that of the Deity; a land whence the people fly to seek safety,
peace, liberty; a government that is a constant threat to the peace
and civilization of the earth and that embodies all the reactionary
principles a free people hate.

One does not expect the German professor, his disciple, or the mole
in the earth to see what is going on in the sunlight.

If we turn to Ireland we see nothing but violence, corruption, and
plunder in the methods of the Teutonic race ruling there; and we
observe improvement in Irish affairs only with the decrease of
English influences and the increase of Irishmen in Irish affairs.

It is a favorite axiom of the Teutonic writer of the Burgess type,
wherever English and German rule is a failure, that the people ruled
are unfit for government. Did it ever occur to them that the shoe is
on the other foot—they are unfit to govern?

The unfitness of the English to govern Ireland is historic; it was
exhibited in America, as some may recall; it is notorious in India
and round the earth. The best-governed possessions of England are
the lands where Englishmen are least in evidence. Germany in Africa
is producing the usual harvest of Teutonic “genius”—depopulation and
devastation.

But Mr. Burgess has a theory, and he does not propose to hamper it
with facts. He asserts that the government—the political
organization—of Spain, Italy, and Portugal are the results of
Teutonic genius. This will probably be news to the world; but if the
debility, decay, and general rottenness of those kingdoms are the
result of Teutonic genius, the sooner they try the genius of the
negro and the Chinaman the better for them. He covers whatever
political good may exist in Greece, Bulgaria, and Roumania by
attributing it to the impecunious German princes now adorning the
rickety thrones in those lands. The idea is original, but not
impressive. Why not attribute the political condition of Scandinavia
to the presence on its throne for ninety years of Bernadotte, the
French (Celtic) military adventurer, and his wife, the daughter of
the Irish merchant Cleary, and their children? The logic is as good,
or as bad, in one case as the other.

But why go on with this tissue of professional rubbish?

Nations are made what they are by climate, environment, peace, war,
and economic and industrial conditions. Groups of men learn as does
the individual, in the school of experience. Nations have no genius
for anything; the botch work we call government to-day at its best
is hardly a manifestation of genius. Nations may have temperaments,
the product of experience, but only the individual has character.

Professor Burgess is merely a mental invalid, an hysterical
Celtophobe. He either forgets the existence of Rome and Greece, or
he fails to understand the value of civilization and human
experience; he is a kind of literary phonograph, repeating the
slanders and absurdities which a school of race egotists have raised
to a cult. He is a decidedly unsafe man to educate a coming
generation of Americans, for the writer of solemn and dogmatic
nonsense is unfit to train the American youth. Certainly no
self-respecting man of Irish-Celtic blood should permit his children
to attend a university where they are taught that the perpetrators
of ages of outrage and wrong are divinely selected beings, chosen
“to assume leadership in the establishment and administration of
States.”

If we desire that sort of rubbish taught, it is just as easy to
secure professors at Bloomingdale as it is at Columbia.

The legendary and sentimental makers of history seem to thrive best
in New England; and a fine type of the cult is the so-called
“scholar in politics,” Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts
and Nahant. There is in China a religion whose principal tenet is
the worship of ancestors, the placation of ancestral manes. This
religion is called Tavism; and possibly the purest type of Tavist,
outside of China, is the junior senator from Massachusetts.

Mr. Lodge is firmly convinced that the Puritan represents the
perfect type of man; that the history of the world began in 1620;
that the Puritan derived most of his excellence from being of
English blood; and that, while Puritans were Dutch, French, Scotch,
and even Irish, the lack of English blood somehow made them
incomplete. While the ordinary English Puritan was a wonderful
personage, the one who landed in Massachusetts was a genuine marvel,
but when he settled around Boston and Nahant, he began to ooze
genius and take on wings and halo. To this legend is added,
sometimes by direct statement and sometimes by implication, the
intelligence that all the great and good things that make this
republic different from and superior to other lands are due to the
miraculous powers of the Puritan. He is the creator of human
freedom, the father of religion, liberty, and tolerance, the founder
and originator of free schools, and the reputed author of so many
ideas totally at variance with his narrow creed that were he to rise
from his bed of clay in New England into the sunlight of to-day, he
wouldn’t know himself.

This is the school of historical incubation of which Mr. Lodge is
the high priest. Mr. Lodge has many admirable qualities; but his
mental vision is defective, strabismal, and his ancestral credulity
amazing. I am satisfied that Mr. Lodge would not _knowingly_ do an
unjust, intolerable, or dishonorable thing; but he is so en-webbed
in tradition and so steeped in myth and legend that his rôle of
historian is a decided misfit. How else can we account for the
absurd theories he has exploited and the conception of historic
events he has fathered in literature?

Anybody who has even read his history of the _Thirteen Colonies_
will learn that the success achieved in building them up was due to
the Puritans; and one is convinced that had some wandering vagabond
from Massachusetts been cast away on the coast of Spanish-America,
the Latin Republics south of us would now be the model governments
of the earth and probably be called “Anglo-Saxon” nations.
Everything that makes for success he attributes to the Puritan; and
he does it with such a solemn, awe-stricken lack of humor that the
irreverent are moved to Homeric mirth.

Now, as a matter of fact, the Puritan was a hard and fast bigot, who
hated and persecuted everybody who differed from him religiously,
and tolerated nobody; he was as priest-ridden as a Scotch
Presbyterian, and he set up a system of Church and State that
amounted almost to a theocracy. The climate and soil of New England
made him a hard worker; his environment and neighbors, a stout
fighter; but if his laws and records tell us any story, they say his
morals and practices were no better than they ought to have been.

New England in colonial days produced some shrewd and levelheaded
men, but if she ever produced a great one, I have failed to catch
his name. When the hour of her struggle came the same phenomenon was
exhibited in New England as elsewhere in the Colonies; her natural
leaders, the people of education and wealth, followed the fortunes
of the oppressor, and the common people took up the cause of
freedom. New England in the Revolution did her whole duty, but the
other Colonies did not shirk, and furnished not only men and money,
but the theater of war.

Mr. Lodge is now furnishing “The Story of the Revolution” for
_Scribner’s Magazine_, and already we can see his peculiar defects
of historical vision in what he has written. Here is a hint of his
ideas: “He [Washington] entered on the war with an army composed
wholly of New England men. He ended the Revolution with an army,
after seven years’ fighting, largely made up from the same New
England people.” He does not say so in so many words, but he leads
us to infer that the army between those two periods was made up of
New England men. This sort of writing is as absurd as it would be to
say New England did nothing. Has Mr. Lodge never heard of the 40,000
men on the Revolutionary rolls of New York? Has it ever occurred to
him that Pennsylvania, Virginia, and other Colonies furnished some
men, money, and leaders? Have his historical researches ever led him
far enough to learn that Yorktown might have been a waste of blood
but for the armies and navies of France? Does he know that the
soldiers of America’s ally were the regiments of a brigade
immortalized on every battlefield of Europe,—the Irish Brigade?

It is very doubtful. I sometimes wonder if Mr. Lodge knew what an
Irishman was before he went into politics.

In his account of Bunker Hill he hasn’t a word to say of Sullivan,
whose capture of Fort William and Mary with its supplies of precious
gunpowder made Bunker Hill possible; yet he has much to say of the
lack of powder during the siege of Boston.

He says the American soldiers engaged at Bunker Hill were “of almost
pure English blood, with a slight mingling of Scotch-Irish from
Londonderry.” I note among the dead killed there the following
“Scotch-Irish” names: Broderick, Collins, Dalton, Dillon, Doyle,
French, Haggett, McGrath; and Washington, desirous of recognizing
this “Scotch” element in his army made St. Patrick the countersign
on a certain evening during the siege. I recall that it was this
same class of Irishmen with the Scotch prefix, from the New
Hampshire town of Londonderry, called after an Irish town of that
name, and which was originally planted by English and Irish, who
insisted upon double rations of whiskey to celebrate St. Patrick’s
day before Ticonderoga.

Mr. Lodge should learn to call a spade a spade, an Irishman an
Irishman, for we will. The desire of a certain class of people to
call themselves “Scotch-Irish” may be passed by with a smile;
ignorance and weakness deserve pity rather than censure; but we must
insist that the dead of our race shall be neither miscalled nor
misrepresented, and that their laurels shall not be filched nor
their glory stolen by those who have neither pride nor scruples.

Whatever Irish came from New Hampshire—and the hills were full of
them—it would be a grave mistake to imagine that Massachusetts, so
English and so Puritan, did not have her share. The Puritan
Alva—Cromwell—and his villainous understrappers sent many a thousand
Irish victims to Massachusetts Bay as bondmen and women; and
voluntary immigration brought thousands of others. The town records
show this; and whole districts in western Massachusetts were settled
by them; and yet we are asked to believe that when men cease to be
Catholic Irishmen they become Scotch-Irishmen. I can find no other
excuse for the absurd title. Here are a few of the “Scotch-Irish”
names on the rolls of the minute men of the day:

Joseph Burke,
Richard Burke,
Daniel Carey,
Joseph Carey,
Peter Carey,
Patrick Carroll,
Joseph Carroll,
Cornelius Cockran,
Daniel Connors,
William Connors,
James Dempsey,
Philip Donahue,
Joseph Donnell,
John Donnelly,
Andrew Dunnigan,
John Farley,
Michael Farley,
John Flood,
William Flood,
John Foley,
Matthew Gilligen,
Richard Gilpatrick,
James Gleason,
Daniel Griffin,
Joseph Griffin,
John Hacket,
Joseph Hacket,
John Haley,
John Kelly,
Patrick Kelly,
Peter Kelly,
Richard Kelly,
Stephen Kelly,
Daniel Lary,
Michael McDonnell,
Henry McGonegal,
John McGrah,
Daniel McGuire,
Patrick McKeen,
John McMullen,
John Mullin,
John Madden,
Daniel Mahon,
James Mallone,
John Mahoney,
John Murphy,
Patrick Newjent,
Patrick O’Brien,
Richard O’Brien,
Daniel Shay,
John Shea,
John Walsh,
Joseph Walsh.

It is well to note that the English parliament of that day was
looking keenly at the causes that cost England her mighty empire on
this continent; and apparently they underrated the influence of Mr.
Lodge’s Puritan in that struggle, and bitterly blamed the plain
Irish without any Scotchery.

Mr. Lodge means well; but folklore and history are two distinct
affairs.

The imaginative school of history finds its best exemplar in a
gentleman from Tennessee, the home of the Cardiff giant, the
Giascutus, and the Scotch-Irishman. He is known as Judge Temple, and
has written a volume called _Covenanter, Cavalier, Puritan_,—a work
which has shaken the earth and spoiled the apple crop. The Judge is
original; he honors the Scotch-Irishman as he does all ghost
dancers, but he has discovered that all the might of the republic
sprang from the Covenanter. I know what a Covenanter used to be, but
I can’t solve this covenanter of Judge Temple. I can explain him as
he appears in this literary offspring of this intellectual Cardiff
giant. If an Irishman a few years ago did anything extraordinary,
wonderful, or notorious, he would have been a Scotch-Irishman; in
the Temple history he is a Covenanter; if he breaks a bank, or a
man’s head, or the Decalogue, he is merely an Irishman. Apply that
rule to all men and you have history as it is hatched out in
Tennessee. The Covenanter germ was born in Scotland and spread over
America, creating miracles. As the natives of North Britain are not
remarkable for national modesty and self-effacement, I am puzzled to
learn how this conversion of the world to freedom and civilization
has escaped the shrinking writers of Scotland. If Judge Temple is
not restrained by an injunction at an early date, Professor Burgess
and Senator Lodge will be compelled sorrowfully to march on
Washington, there to deposit in the National Museum the Teutonic
Genius and the Puritan Marvel; or they might be turned over to some
of the Yellow Sundays which specialize the exploitation of freaks.

Meantime we should keep our eye on Judge Temple, the young Lochinvar
of history, who has come out of the South.

In _Old Virginia and her Neighbors_, Vol. II, p. 391, Prof. John
Fiske says: “Until recent years little has been written of the
coming of the so-called Scotch-Irish to America, and yet it is an
event of scarcely less importance than the exodus of English
Puritans to New England and that of English Cavaliers to Virginia.
It is impossible to understand the drift which American history,
social and political, has taken since the time of Andrew Jackson,
without studying the early life of the Scotch-Irish population of
the Alleghany region, the pioneers of the American backwoods. I do
not mean to be understood as saying that the whole of that
population at the time of the Revolution was Scotch-Irish, for there
was a considerable German element in it, besides an infusion of
English moving inward from the coast. But the Scotch-Irish element
was more numerous and far more important than all the rest.

“Who were the people called by this rather awkward compound name
Scotch-Irish? The answer carries us back to the year 1611, when
James First began peopling Ulster with Colonists from Scotland and
the North of England. The plan was to put into Ireland a Protestant
population that might ultimately outnumber the Catholics and become
the controlling element in the country. _The settlers were picked
men and women of the most excellent sort._ By the middle of the
seventeenth century there were 300,000 of them in Ulster.

“That province had been the most neglected part of the island, a
wilderness of bogs and fens; they transformed it into a garden. They
also established manufactures of woolen and linens which have since
been famous throughout the world. By the beginning of the eighteenth
century their numbers had risen to nearly a million. Their social
condition was not that of peasants; they were intelligent yeomanry
and artisans. In a document, signed in 1718 by a miscellaneous group
of 319 men, only thirteen made their mark, while 306 wrote their
names in full. Nothing like that could have happened at that time in
any other part of the British empire, hardly even in New England.

“When these people began coming to America, those families that had
been longest in Ireland had dwelt there but for three generations,
and confusion of mind seems to lurk in any nomenclature which
couples them with the true Irish. The antipathy between the
Scotch-Irish as a group and the true Irish as a group is, perhaps,
unsurpassed for bitterness and intensity. On the other hand, since
love laughs at feuds and schisms, intermarriages between the
Colonists of Ulster and the native Irish were by no means unusual,
and instances occur of Murphys and McManuses of the Presbyterian
faith. It was common in Ulster to allude to Presbyterians as
‘Scotch,’ to Roman Catholics as ‘Irish,’ and to members of the
English Church as ‘Protestants,’ without much reference to pedigree.
From this point of view the term ‘Scotch’ may be defensible,
provided we do not let it conceal the fact that the people to whom
it applied are for the most part Lowland-Scotch Presbyterians, very
slightly hibernicized in blood.”

Again, “By 1719 this hope was torn away, and from that year until
the passage of the Toleration Act for Ireland in 1782, the people of
Ulster kept flocking to America. Of all the migrations to America
previous to the days of steamships this was far the largest in
volume. One week of 1727 landed six ship loads at Philadelphia. In
the two years 1773 and 1774 more than 30,000 came. In 1770 one-third
of the population of Pennsylvania was Scotch-Irish. Altogether
between 1730 and 1770, I think it probable that at least half a
million of souls were transferred from Ulster to the American
Colonies, making not less than one-sixth of our population at the
time of the Revolution.”

The merest examination of this will show that the writer is on
uncertain ground; he is begging the question; his own training and
education convince him that there is a false ring to the term
“Scotch-Irish”; the statements he makes, or quotes, show the
earmarks of that organized humbug the Scotch-Irish Society; and he
is reluctant to face the question squarely, and, by reversing the
conventional concealments, evasions, and falsifications which have
marked the writing of American history in the interest of the
English element, acknowledge the splendid work done by the Irish in
America.

Let us examine his statements in detail.

Relative to Ulster settlement he says: “The settlers were picked men
and women of the most excellent sort. By the middle of the
seventeenth century there were 300,000 of them in Ulster. The
province was a wilderness of bogs and fens; they transformed it into
a garden. They also established manufactures of woolens and linens;
... they were intelligent yeomanry and artisans.”

These extracts are the amusing myths of the Scotch-Irish Society. We
have an emigration from Scotland by, say 1650, of 300,000, with no
account of the English, French, Walloon, and German emigrants who
were introduced, and nothing said about the original settlers of
Ulster, the Irish. In 1659 Sir W. Petty, a government official in
Ulster, estimated the population as follows: Irish, 63,350; English,
Scotch, and other aliens, 40,571; a total of 103,921. It is very
possible that Sir W. Petty’s estimate was correct; that he would
find it very difficult to arrive at a correct estimate of the Irish;
and much more easy to get at the numbers of those who were naturally
the English supporters. It is well to recall that at the date of
this estimate Ireland had gone through the horrors of twelve years
of Civil War, marked by cruelty of the most ferocious kind; that the
Cromwellians had added deportation and slavery in the Americas to
their other crimes and abominations; that Cromwell had settled his
own soldiers on confiscated lands; and that he was not particularly
partial to the Scotch, whom he had fought and defeated, and whose
immigration he was not likely to encourage at a time when they were
parleying with the exiled Charles and plotting the downfall of the
Commonwealth.

Professor Fiske’s 300,000 seem to vanish in smoke.

The character of the population introduced into a country where the
natives are treated as outlaws and wild beasts by the government, is
not hard to guess. It is not at all likely that it is going to
consist of model farmers, expert artisans, pious, educated, peaceful
men and women; that kind of people usually remain at home. The
adventurer, the ne’er-do-well, the poor, the desperate, the
homeless; those are the kind willing to face the hazards of war and
fortune in a land where the natives are hard fighters and haters of
the government, even though exhausted by war.

The Rev. Andrew Stewart, Presbyterian pastor of Donaghadee from 1645
to 1671, who was born and raised in Ulster, leaves this record of
Professor Fiske’s selected yeomanry and artisans:

“From Scotland came many, and from England not a few; yet all of
them generally the scum of both nations, who for debt, or breaking,
or fleeing from justice, or seeking shelter, came hither, hoping to
be without fear of man’s justice in a land where there was nothing,
or but little as yet, of the fear of God.”

Such were the selected yeomanry; selected evidently by the king’s
writ, by the beggarly planters who received the stolen lands from a
beggarly king, and by the London guides whose gold went into the
king’s pocket.

The reverend gentleman gives us a further hint of the people who
came thus running from the sheriff and the heavy hand of the law. He
says: “In a few years there flocked such a multitude of people from
Scotland that the Counties of Down, Antrim, Londonderry, etc., were
in a good measure planted; yet most of the people made up a body—and
it is strange—of different names, nations, dialects, tempers, and
breeding, all void of Godliness, who seemed rather to flee God in
this enterprise, than to follow their mercy; albeit at first it must
be remembered that they cared little for any church.”

People of many nations and dialects coming out of Scotland needs an
explanation. Mr. Motley, in his history of the Dutch Republic,
throws a great light on this subject. He says in effect that the
religious wars of Protestant and Catholic, and the persecutions
growing out of them of the ever-increasing sectaries, drove shoals
of artisans from Germany, Holland, and France to England. Elizabeth
of England had troubles of her own; and while she quarreled with the
Pope and disputed his headship, she was jealously insistent of her
own leadership of her state church and had no use for the pugnacious
sectaries from across the Channel. In time, owing to the English
jealousy of foreigners and rival manufacturers and the Queen’s
abhorrence of rebels against divinely selected kings, Elizabeth shut
down on the refugees and refused them asylum. In those days it was a
much graver offense to insult the majesty of earth than heaven.
Scotland, then in the throes of religious squabbles and the game of
church plundering and under the practical guidance of the amiable
John Knox, gave them a welcome as kindred spirits. When other days
came, when Mary’s head had rolled from the block at Fotheringay,
when her wretched son was enthroned, the foreign element found
Scotland a poor land to live in. The settlement of Ulster gave them
their chance, and they flocked there with Scotchmen and Englishmen,
to settle down and intermarry and become—as all before them had
become at that Irish crucible—Irish.

The forms of religious dissent driven out of Europe to Great
Britain, like Presbyterianism, had a common basis of agreement in
their common Calvinism, and the foreigners naturally drifted into
that form of ecclesiastical organization. Few went into the Anglican
State Church, and many of that faith drifted away from it to
Catholicity and Presbyterianism; and it was a special subject of
reproach later that the state-beneficed clergy caused such a state
of affairs by their indifference and greed.

But it remains for American historians to find the terms race and
religion synonymous, and to advise an astonished world that when an
Irishman, Frenchman, Englishman, Dutchman, or Walloon, adopts
Presbyterianism as his religious faith, he is at once transformed
into that hyphenated hybrid, a Scotch-Irishman.

This is one of the marvels of this inventive age.

Before Professor Fiske—for whose talent and industry I have a very
great respect—gives us his promised views on the Scotch-Irishman in
his forthcoming work, _The Dutch and Quaker Settlements in America_,
let me propound a question or two to him.

If, as is pretended, a certain number of Lowland Scotchmen of the
Presbyterian religion accomplished so much in Ulster and America,
why have not the great majority of the same people accomplished as
much in their own land and elsewhere, when all the conditions were
in their favor? And again, if so much was accomplished by an Irish
environment and an Irish racial admixture, and so little achieved by
the pure Scot under more favorable circumstances, is it not a
reasonable deduction that the Irish element was the responsible
factor in the achievement? If not, why not?

[Illustration:

GEN. A. G. MALLOY
TEXAS
]

[Illustration:

TIMOTHY P. SULLIVAN
NEW HAMPSHIRE
]

VICE-PRESIDENTS

[Illustration:

ANDREW ATHY
WORCESTER, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

CAPT. JOHN DRUM, U. S. A.
]

That invader and invaded should hate each other bitterly is not of
any particular importance as bearing on nationality; it is the
experience of all lands and races. Presbyterian Murphys and
McManuses are no argument for Scotch Murphys and McManuses; it may
indicate intermarriage and change of religious faith; it can’t
indicate a change of blood. The transformation of bogs and fens into
gardens is merely a fairy story; the bogs and fens are in Ulster
to-day. The fertile valleys of Ulster, ready to be entered on, were
the bait to catch settlers, for the defeated and disheartened native
Irish had been driven to the barren hills and bogs. Men as a rule
don’t risk life and fortune for the privilege of transforming bogs
into gardens in a hostile country; and, moreover, Motley says
England and Scotland in that age had the rudest system of
agriculture in Europe. The higher system of agriculture, as well as
the woolen and linen industries, came with the skilled exiles from
Holland and France; and even as great a plunderer as Wentworth was
wise enough to foster them. And I might ask, why didn’t these
marvelous Scots make their own country famous for woolen and linen
industries, when they made their own laws and could snap their
fingers at English jealousy?

Finally, if these people were Scotch “slightly hibernicized,” why
did they on their arrival in America organize “Irish societies”? Why
did they name towns and rivers with Irish names? Why did they
celebrate St. Patrick’s day rather than St. Andrew’s?

It will pay Professor Fiske to examine into the Irish emigration of
the eighteenth century and learn, as less erudite people have done,
that as much of this stream flowed from Limerick, Cork, Waterford,
Dublin, and English Bristol as from Ulster; and that Leinster and
Munster poured in nearly as many Irish to Colonial America as did
the northern provinces. What he is unwittingly doing is settling up
the abhorrent dividing lines of religion and marking off our race
into “Irish-Irish” and “Scotch-Irish” upon the lines of Catholicity
and Protestantism. I as one of the Protestant Irish most strenuously
object; the name Irish was good enough for my fathers; their son is
proud to wear it as they did; and we must all insist that the Irish,
without prefixes, without hyphens, without any qualification, all
children of a common and well-loved motherland, shall be given their
full measure of credit for the splendid work done by the race in
America.

If Professor Fiske is true to himself and the principles and canons
of his calling, he will find the truth and tell it, and waste no
valuable time chasing myths and will-o’-the-wisps.

As an indication of the great interest of the occasion it may be
remarked that the exercises were not brought to a close until 2.30
o’clock the next morning. Before adjourning, resolutions of condolence
on the loss of the U. S. S. _Maine_ were adopted by a standing vote, and
the Secretary-General was instructed to transmit a copy of the
resolutions to the President of the United States and to the Secretary
of the Navy.

On Friday afternoon the members of the society were given a reception by
Hon. John D. Crimmins, at his home, 40 East 68th Street. It was a most
charming occasion. About forty gentlemen attended, including Dr. Emmet
and his son; General O’Beirne and Captain McCrystal, of New York; and P.
J. Flatley, of Boston; Thomas Hamilton Murray, of Rhode Island; J. F.
Swords, of Hartford; O’Meagher Condon, of Washington, D. C.; Joseph
Smith, of Lowell, Mass.; James Jeffrey Roche, Thomas B. Lawler, Michael
Brennan, and many others.

The company first inspected Mr. Crimmins’s fine library and were shown
many books and manuscripts, some of them of great rarity and value. A
lunch was then served, after which the visitors were shown the
magnificent collection of paintings for which Mr. Crimmins is so well
known among lovers of art.

THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

_When and where Founded._

The American-Irish Historical Society was founded on the evening of Jan.
20, 1897, at a meeting called for that purpose, and held in the Revere
House, Boston, Mass. Over forty gentlemen were present. The Hon. Thomas
J. Gargan, of Boston, presided. Thomas Hamilton Murray, then editor of
the _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass., was secretary of the meeting. The
provisional committee that had attended to the preliminary work included
Mr. Murray, just mentioned; Mr. James Jeffrey Roche, editor of the
Boston _Pilot_; Mr. Joseph Smith, Secretary of the Police Commission,
Lowell, Mass.; Mr. Thomas B. Lawler, of the publishing house, Ginn &
Company, Boston, Mass.; and Hon. John C. Linehan, State Insurance
Commissioner, Concord, N. H. Four states—Maine, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, and Rhode Island—were represented among those in
attendance. Letters conveying good wishes were received from
Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, South
Carolina, Georgia, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and the District of
Columbia.

_Objects and Purposes._

The society is organized for the special study of the Irish element in
the composition of the American people; to investigate and record the
influence of this element in the up-building of the nation, and to
collect and publish facts relating to and illustrating that influence.
People of Irish blood have been coming to this continent, voluntarily
and otherwise, since the date of its earliest settlements. While they
have been a valuable addition to colony and republic in all departments
of human activity, their work and contributions have received but scant
recognition from chroniclers of American history. Whether this omission
springs from carelessness, ignorance, indifference, or design is now of
little moment. The fact that such a condition does exist makes it
imperative that it should be remedied. The society purposes to remedy
it.

_More in Detail._

Speaking more in detail, it may be stated that the objects and purposes
of the society are: The study of American history generally; to
investigate, specially, the Irish immigration to this country, determine
its numbers, examine the sources, learn the places of its settlement,
and estimate its influence on contemporary events in war, legislation,
religion, education, and other departments of activity; to examine
records of every character, wherever found, calculated to throw light on
the work of the Irish element in this broad land; to endeavor to correct
erroneous, distorted, and false views of history, where they are known,
and to substitute therefor the truth of history, based on documentary
evidence and the best and most reasonable tradition in relation to the
Irish in America; to place the result of its historical investigations
and researches in acceptable literary form; to print, publish, and
distribute its documents to libraries, institutions of learning, and
among its members, in order that the widest dissemination of historical
truth may be obtained; to do its work without passion or prejudice; to
view accomplished facts in the true scientific historical spirit, and
having reached the truth to give it to the world.

_Membership Requirements._

Any person of good moral character who is interested in the special work
of the society shall be deemed eligible for membership in the same. No
tests other than that of character and devotion to the society’s objects
shall be applied to membership. The society comprises life members and
annual members and may also elect honorary and corresponding members.

_The Mode of Admission._

The society believes that for the present as little red tape as possible
should prevail in the admission of applicants. A large membership is
desired. Consequently, a request to be enrolled, addressed to the
Secretary-General, to any of the members of the Executive Council, or to
a member of the society who is located in the neighborhood of the
applicant, will generally be sufficient to effect the desired result.

_Non-Sectarian and Non-Political._

The society is constructed on a broad and liberal basis. It is
non-sectarian and non-political. Being an American organization in
spirit and principle, it greets and welcomes to its ranks Americans of
whatever race descent and of whatever creed who take an interest in the
special line of work for which the society is organized. It at present
includes Roman Catholics, Protestant Episcopalians, Methodists,
Presbyterians, Unitarians, and members of other denominations. Catholic
priests and Protestant ministers are on its roll. Republicans,
Democrats, and men of no political party affiliations are numbered among
its members.

_The Fees of Members._

Life members pay fifty dollars in advance at one time; they are exempt
from further membership dues. Annual members pay three dollars per year
each. For the present no initiation fee is required. Massachusetts, New
York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia are already represented in the
list of life members. The membership roll also contains the names of
gentlemen of the seventh, eighth, and ninth American generations.

_The Society’s Officers._

The officers comprise a President-General, a Secretary-General, a
Treasurer-General, a Librarian and Archivist, an Historiographer (not
yet elected), and an Executive Council. The constitution also provides
for a Vice-President for each state and territory and for the District
of Columbia. It is proposed to eventually organize state and city
chapters of the society. A list of the present officers will be found
contained herein.

_The First President-General._

The first President-General of the society was Richard Worsam Meade, 3d,
Rear-Admiral, U. S. N. (retired). He was born in New York City, Oct. 9,
1837, at the home of his maternal grandfather, Judge Henry Meigs, which
family has given many officers to the United States Navy. He was the
oldest son of the late Capt. Richard Worsam Meade, 2d, U. S. N., and was
a nephew of the late Gen. George Gordon Meade, who for two years
commanded the Army of the Potomac. President-General Meade died in
Washington, D. C., May 4, 1897. His obsequies took place in that city.
The Society contributed a floral harp. Among the mourners there were
present from the society: Messrs. Edward A. Moseley, J. R. Carmody, J.
D. O’Connell, and Capt. John M. Tobin. The honorary bearers were:
Rear-Admiral John G. Walker, Commodore Charles S. Norton, Admiral George
Dewey, Commodore Norman H. Farquhar, Commodore Winfield S. Schley, Capt.
A. S. Crowinshield, Capt. Charles O’Neil, U. S. N., and Col. Charles
Heywood, United States Marine Corps. Eight stalwart seamen bore the
body. A battalion of marines from the Washington barracks, under command
of Capt. E. B. Robinson, and a delegation from Lafayette Post of New
York City, escorted the body to Arlington, preceded by the United States
Marine Band.

_Meetings and Field Day._

Provision is made for quarterly meetings of the society and monthly
meetings of the Executive Council. As far as possible, each meeting,
especially those of the Council, is held in a city or state different
from the one where the preceding meeting was held. This prevents the
society from becoming merely local to any one state or city, and makes
it what its founders intended it to be—a national body. A general field
day of the organization is held annually in the summer or fall. The
annual meeting for the election of officers is held in January.

_Diploma of Membership._

Each member will be entitled to a diploma of membership, bearing the
name of the society, the date of his admission, and such other
appropriate matter as may be decided upon. These certificates will be
signed by the President-General, the Secretary-General, the
Treasurer-General, and one or two other officers, and will be suitable
for display in office, library, or study.

_The Society’s Publications._

The publications of the society consist of two classes—regular and
special. A copy of every regular publication will be supplied free to
each member. Special publications will be supplied at the actual cost
price. Both classes of publications will contain a record of the
society’s proceedings, papers contributed by the members as the result
of original research, extracts from old documents bearing upon the Irish
in this country, or similar matter of interest, much of it, indeed, of
priceless value for preservation and reference. These publications will
be thoroughly indexed.

THE SOCIETY’S OFFICERS.

President-General,
=Edward A. Moseley=,
Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.

Secretary-General,
=Thomas Hamilton Murray=,
Editor, 1 Beechwood Avenue, Pawtucket, R. I.

Treasurer-General,
=John C. Linehan=,
State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.

Librarian and Archivist,
=Thomas B. Lawler=, Worcester, Mass.
(With Ginn & Company, Publishers, Boston, New York, Chicago, London.)

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL.

The foregoing and

=James Jeffrey Roche=, Editor _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.
=Maurice F. Egan=, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.
=Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien=, New York City.
=Hon. John D. Crimmins=, New York City.
=Thomas J. Gargan=, of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Boston, Mass.
=Joseph Smith=, Secretary of the Board of Police, Lowell, Mass.
=Hon. James S. Coleman=, New York City.
=Robert Ellis Thompson=, President Central High School, Philadelphia,
Pa.
=Frank C. Travers=, New York City.
=Hon. Thomas Dunn English=, Newark, N. J.
=Stephen J. Geoghegan=, New York City.
=T. Russell Sullivan=, a descendant of Gov. James Sullivan of
Massachusetts, Boston.
=Francis Higgins=, New York City.
=Augustus St. Gaudens=, New York City.
=Joseph F. Swords=, Hartford, Ct.

STATE VICE-PRESIDENTS.

Maine—=James Cunningham=, Portland.
New Hampshire—=Timothy P. Sullivan=, Concord.
Vermont—=T. W. Moloney=, Rutland.
Massachusetts—=Osborne Howes=, Boston.
Rhode Island—=M. Joseph Harson=, Providence.
Connecticut—=Hon. Thomas M. Waller=, former Governor of Connecticut.
New York—=Gen. James R. O’Beirne=, New York City.
New Jersey—=Hon. William McAdoo=, Assistant Secretary of the Navy under
President Cleveland, Washington, D. C.
Pennsylvania—=Gen. St. Clair A. Mulholland=, Philadelphia.
Virginia—=Hon. Joseph T. Lawless=, Richmond.
West Virginia—=O’Brien Moore=, Charleston.
South Carolina—=Ex-U. S. Senator M. C. Butler=, Edgefield.
Georgia—=Ex-U. S. Senator Patrick Walsh=, Augusta.
Ohio—=Rev. George W. Pepper=, Cleveland.
Indiana—=Very Rev. Andrew Morrissey=, Notre Dame.
Missouri—=Julius L. Foy=, Esq.
Michigan—=Hon. T. A. E. Weadock=, Detroit.
Colorado—=Dr. James E. Lowery=, Sopris.
Utah—=Joseph Geoghegan=, Salt Lake City.
Texas—=Gen. A. G. Malloy=, El Paso.
District of Columbia—=J. D. O’Connell=, Washington.

MEMBERSHIP ROLL,
AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

=Abbott, F. J.=, 8 I Street, South Boston, Mass.

=Ackland, Thomas J.=, editorial department, _The Pilot_, 630
Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=Ahern, John=, 5 Highland Street, Concord, N. H.

=Ahern, William J.=, 64 Franklin Street, Concord, N. H.; has served
as a member of the Legislature of New Hampshire.

=Alley, John R.= (life member of the society), 123 Heath Street,
Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Armstrong, Col. James=, Charleston, S. C.; Board of Harbor
Commissioners.

=Arundel, Edward L.=, ex-member City Council, Lawrence, Mass.

=Aspell, Dr. John=, 357 West 56th Street, New York City.

=Aylward, James F.=, 347 Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

=Barnes, James=, Players’ Club, New York City; grandnephew of
Commodore Jack Barry.

=Barrett, David L.=, Englewood, N. J.

=Barrett, Dr. Thomas J.=, 41 Wellington Street, Worcester, Mass.;
member State Board of Dental Registration.

=Barry, H. Nason=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street,
Boston, Mass.

=Barry, Very Rev. John E.=, Vicar-General Roman Catholic Diocese of
Manchester, N. H.; residence, Concord, N. H.

=Bennett, Joseph M.= (M. D.), 186 Broad Street, Providence, R. I.; a
brother of Secretary of State Bennett of Rhode Island.

=Betts, Rev. George C.=, Rector St. James’s Protestant Episcopal
Church, Goshen, N. Y.

=Birmingham, Robert M.= (M. D.), South Lawrence, Mass.

=Bodfish, Rev. Joshua P.=, Rector St. John’s Roman Catholic Church,
Canton, Mass.

=Boland, Michael J.=, Biddeford, Me.

=Bolton, Rev. J. Gray= (D. D.) (Presbyterian), 1906 Pine Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

=Boyle, Hon. Patrick J.=, Mayor of Newport, R. I.

=Boyle, Thomas H.=, 25 Merrimack Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Bradley, Richard E.=, 122 Monument Street, Portland, Me.

=Bradley, William J.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

=Brady, Col. James D.=, Kellogg Building, Washington, D. C.;
ex-Member of Congress from Virginia; during the war joined the
37th N. Y. Volunteers (Irish Rifles), of which he was adjutant;
transferred to the 69th N. Y. Volunteers (of the Irish Brigade),
which he subsequently commanded.

=Brady, Rev. Cyrus Townsend=, Protestant Episcopal Archdeacon of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.

=Brandon, Edward J.=, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass.

=Brannigan, Felix=, Assistant Attorney-General, Department of
Justice, Washington, D. C.

=Bree, Jr., James P.=, 820 Chapel Street, New Haven, Ct.

=Breen, Hon. John=, Lawrence, Mass.; vice-chairman of the School
Board; served three terms as Mayor of Lawrence.

=Brennan, James F.=, attorney and counsellor-at-law, Peterborough,
N. H.; delivered an address on the early Irish settlers at the
150th anniversary of Peterborough.

=Brennan, Michael=, 2 West 75th Street, New York City; proprietor of
the Hotel San Remo, 74th and 75th Streets and Central Park West.

=Brennan, Thomas S.=, 353 West 56th Street, New York City.

=Broderick, James A.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

=Broderick, Rev. Thos. W.=, Hartford, Ct.

=Broe, James A.=, 478 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Brophy, John P.= (Ph.D., LL.D.), 321 West 137th Street, New York
City.

=Brosnahan, Rev. Timothy=, Rector St. Mary’s Church, Waltham, Mass.

=Brown, Col. William L.=, _Daily News_, New York City.

=Bryson, John=, 677 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Buckley, Dennis T.=, 19 Bacon Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Bucklin, Hon. Elisha W.=, Pawtucket, R. I.; ex-State Auditor of
Rhode Island.

=Butler, Hon. Matthew C.=, ex-United States Senator, Edgefield, S.
C.

=Butler, Rev. Thomas F.=, Lewiston, Me.

=Burke, J. E.=, Superintendent of Public Schools, Lawrence, Mass.

=Burke, Robert E.=, recently City Solicitor, Newburyport, Mass.

=Burke, Tobias A.=, _Argus_ Office, Portland, Me.

=Byrne, John=, 45 Wall Street, New York City.

=Cahill, M. J.=, dry-goods merchant, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Callaghan, Lawrence=, manufacturer, 95 Locke Street, Haverhill,
Mass.

=Callahan, John A.=, School Principal, 79 Lincoln Street, Holyoke,
Mass.

=Callahan, John F.=, 202–206 Lincoln Street, Boston, Mass.

=Callanan, E. J.=, of Marlier, Callanan & Co., 172 Tremont Street,
Boston, Mass.

=Calnin, James=, 101–107 Lakeview Avenue, Lowell, Mass.

=Campbell, James P.=, lawyer, 20 West 70th Street, New York City.

=Cannon, James N.=, 240 Hamilton Street, New Haven, Ct.

=Cantwell, John J.=, Brookline, Mass.

=Canty, T. W.=, Chicopee, Mass.

=Carey, Jeremiah J.=, office the _Sunday Star_, Lawrence, Mass.

=Carmichael, James H.=, Lowell, Mass.

=Carmody, John R.=, Paymaster U. S. N.; Washington Loan and Trust
Co., 1220 Sixteenth Street, Washington, D. C.

=Carney, Matthew J.=, of M. Carney & Co., Lawrence, Mass.

=Carney, Michael=, of M. Carney & Co., Lawrence, Mass.

=Carroll, Edward=, Cashier Leavenworth National Bank, Leavenworth,
Kansas.

=Carroll, Hon. Hugh J.=, Pawtucket, R. I., ex-Member of the Rhode
Island General Assembly; ex-Mayor of Pawtucket.

=Carroll, James B.=, lawyer, 50 Temple Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Carroll, Thomas=, director of the Public Library, Peabody, Mass.

=Carter, Richard A.=, proprietor of the Central House, Lawrence,
Mass.

=Casey, Stephen J.=, lawyer, Providence, R. I.

=Casey, William J.=, Palm Street, Bangor, Me.

=Cashman, John=, 30 Church Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Casman, John P.=, 34 Howard Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Cavanagh, Michael=, 1159 Fourth Street, N. E., Washington, D. C.

=Cavanaugh, John B.=, 924 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Cavanaugh, Thomas Jeffrey=, 54 Stark Corporation, Manchester, N. H.

=Chaplin, Heman W.=, a descendant of the Revolutionary O’Briens of
Machias, Me.; attorney-at-law, 53 State Street, Boston, Mass.

=Clare, William F.=, 39 Cortlandt Street, New York City.

=Clark, Joseph H.=, 13 Adam Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Clark, Rev. James F.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Clarke, Rev. Michael=, Rector Church of the Sacred Heart, East
Boston, Mass.

=Clary, Charles H.=, Hallowell, Me.; a descendant of “John Clary of
Newcastle, province of New Hampshire, who was published to Jane
Mahoney of Georgetown, Me., 1750.” John settled in Georgetown,
presumably about the time of his marriage. Four children were born
before 1760.

=Clifford, James=, El Paso, Texas.

=Clune, John H.=, Postmaster, Springfield, Mass.

=Coakley, Daniel H.=, 77 Arlington Street, Brighton (Boston), Mass.;
Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1892–94;
has a law office in Pemberton Square, Boston.

=Coffey, John J.=, Neponset, Mass.

=Cogan, D. S.=, 320 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Cohalan, Daniel F.=, lawyer, 271 Broadway, New York City.

=Coleman, Cornelius F.=, 162–164 Middle Street, Portland, Me.

=Coleman, James S.=, 38 East 69th Street, New York City.

=Collins, Hon. Patrick A.=, ex-Member of Congress; late United
States Consul-General to London, England; Tremont Building,
Boston, Mass.

=Collins, James M.=, 6 Sexton Avenue, South Main Street, Concord, N.
H.

=Collins, Rev. Charles W.=, the Cathedral, Portland, Me.

=Collins, Stephen J.=, 212 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Collins, William D.= (M. D.), 170 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Collison, Harvey N.=, member Massachusetts Legislature, 1887–88;
has also served on Boston School Board and Metropolitan Sewerage
Commission; lawyer, 5 Tremont Street, Boston, Mass.

=Conaty, Rt. Rev. Thomas J.= (D. D.), Rector of the Catholic
University, Washington, D. C.

=Concannon, John S.=, 19 Crystal Cove Avenue, Winthrop, Mass., or
City Hall, Boston, Mass.

=Condon, Edward O’Meagher=, office U. S. Supervising Architect,
Washington, D. C.

=Coney, Patrick H.=, attorney-at-law, Topeka, Kansas.

=Conley, Henry=, 7 Winthrop Street, Portland, Me.

=Conley, John E.=, 87 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.; ex-Clerk
of the Rhode Island House of Representatives.

=Conlin, Michael=, 59 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=Conlon, Michael=, 15 Pool Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Connellan, James A.=, 98 Exchange Street, Portland, Me.

=Conner, John E.=, City Marshal, Chicopee, Mass.

=Conners, Edward=, 31 Hammond Street, Bangor, Me.; has been a member
of the Board of Aldermen, of the Police Examining Board, and has
filled other municipal offices.

=Connery, William P.=, Pleasant Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Connolly, James=, Coronado, Cal.

=Connolly, Michael J.=, Trustee of the Public Library, Waltham,
Mass.

=Connolly, Rev. Arthur T.=, Rector Church of the Blessed Sacrament,
Center and Creighton Streets, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Connolly, Richard=, 132 Boston Street, Salem, Mass.

=Connolly, Thomas G.=, 147 L Street, South Boston, Mass.

=Connor, J. F.=, of Connor & Tracy, Peabody, Mass.

=Connor, John J.=, _Sunday Register_ Office, Essex Street, Lawrence,
Mass.

=Connor, John W.=, 93 Main Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Connor, Michael=, 509 Beach Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Conroy, Philip F.=, Newport Gaslight Co., Newport, R. I.

=Corcoran, C. J.=, City Clerk, Lawrence, Mass.

=Corcoran, Dr. Luke=, Springfield, Mass.

=Corcoran, Hon. John W.=, recently a Judge of the Superior Court;
Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

=Corr, Bernard=, Chamber of Commerce Building, Boston, Mass.

=Corrigan, J. P.= (M. D.), Benedict House, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Costello, Frederick H.=, Bangor, Me.; a native of that city and
great-grandson of an Irishman.

=Costello, J. C.=, Washington and Warren Streets, Newark, N. J.

=Costello, John H.=, 40 East Brookline Street, Boston, Mass.

=Coughlin, J. A.=, Manager, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Coughlin, John=, 177 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

=Coyle, Rev. James=, Taunton, Mass.

=Crane, Hon. M. W.=, Attorney-General, Austin, Texas.

=Crane, John=, 307 West 103d Street, New York City.

=Cranitch, William=, 841 West End Avenue, New York City.

=Crimmins, John D.=, capitalist (life member), 50 East 59th Street,
New York City.

=Cronin, Capt. William=, Rutland, Vt.

=Cronin, John H.=, druggist, 317 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=Cronin, William J.=, 87 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.; member
of the Pawtucket School Board.

=Croston, Dr. J. F.=, Emerson Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Crowe, Edward J.=, Lamoille, Winona County, Minn.

=Crowell, Hon. Henry G.=, South Yarmouth, Mass.; a descendant of
David O’Killia (O’Kelly), who settled on Cape Cod as early as
1657, and who is mentioned in the old Yarmouth, Mass., records as
“the Irishman.” The records show that at the close of King
Philip’s War, O’Killia was assessed his proportionate part towards
defraying the expenses of that struggle.

=Crowley, Bartholomew=, manufacturer, Haverhill, Mass.

=Crowley, Jeremiah=, of the law firm, Crowley & O’Hearn, Lowell,
Mass.

=Crowley, John F.=, Standard Clothing Co., Bangor, Me.

=Culhane, Thomas A.=, Marietta, Lane County, Penn.

=Cummings, Dr. W. F.=, Rutland, Vt.

=Cummings, Matthew J.=, Overseer of the Poor, Providence, R. I.

=Cummins, Rev. John F.=, Roslindale, Mass.

=Cunningham, Christopher D.=, 178 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Cunningham, Francis W.=, 167 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Cunningham, James=, 277 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Cunningham, John E.=, Gardiner, Me.

=Curran, Bartley J.=, 72 Exchange Street, Portland, Me.

=Curran, James=, president the James Curran Mfg. Co., 512–514 West
36th Street, New York City.

=Curran, Maurice J.=, of the Curran & Joyce Co., Lawrence, Mass.

=Curran, William F.=, 38 Fern Street, Bangor, Me.; has served three
terms on the Board of Aldermen.

=Curry, Capt. P. S.=, 1 Box Place, Lynn, Mass.; superintendent of
construction for the new Federal Building in that city.

=Curtin, Jeremiah=, Bristol, Vt.; author of _Hero Tales of Ireland_,
_Myths and Folk-Lore of Ireland_, _Myths and Folk Tales of the
Russians_, _Western Slavs and Magyars_; translator of works of
Henryk Sienkiewicz.

=Cusack, Peter=, 38 Washington Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Cushnahan, Rev. P. M.=, Rector of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic
Church, Ogden City, Utah.

=Dailey, Peter=, real estate, etc., 209 Washington Street, Boston,
Mass.

=Daly, Hon. Joseph F.=, Court House, Chambers Street, New York City;
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

=Daly, John=, South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=Daly, John J.=, Salt Lake City, Utah; one of the heaviest mine
owners in the state.

=Daly, Rev. Patrick J.=, Rector Church of St. Francis de Sales,
Vernon Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Danvers, Robert E.=, 17 West 65th Street, New York City.

=Dasey, Charles V.=, 7 Broad Street, Boston, Mass.

=Davidson, John A.=, Adjutant, 69th Regt. N. Y. V., 246 West 45th
Street, New York City.

=Davis, Dr. F. L.=, 253 Main Street, Biddeford, Me., City Physician.

=Davis, Hon. Robert T.=, Fall River, Mass.; ex-Mayor, ex-Member of
Congress.

=Davis, John J.=, Greenville, Pa.

=Day, Hon. William A.=, Washington, D. C.; recently second auditor
of the U. S. Treasury.

=DeCourcy, Charles A.=, of DeCourcy & Coulson, lawyers, Essex
Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Dempsey, George C.=, Lowell, Mass.

=Dempsey, Henry L.=, Stillwater, R. I.; Postmaster; member
Smithfield Town Council.

=Dempsey, Patrick=, Market Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Dennison, Joseph A.=, of law firm, Coakley & Dennison, Pemberton
Square, Boston, Mass.

=Desmond, J. J.=, druggist, 565 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=Desmond, John F.=, civil engineer, 83 Merrimac Street, Haverhill,
Mass.

=Devine, P. A.=, 100 Central Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Dignam, M. A.= (D. D. S.), 295 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Dillon, Capt. Moses=, El Paso, Texas.

=Dillon, Thomas J.= (M. D.), 121 Vernon Street, Roxbury (Boston),
Mass.

=Doherty, James L.=, 131 Bowdoin Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Doherty, Philip J.=, 23 Court Street, Boston, Mass.; lawyer; has
served several terms in the Massachusetts Legislature; in 1886 was
nominee for Speaker of the House; in 1889 was appointed member of
the Boston Water Board.

=Dolan, Patrick J.=, 901 Garfield Building, Cleveland, O.

=Donahoe, D. J.=, of Donahoe Brothers, manufacturers, Lynn, Mass.

=Donahoe, Dan A.=, 285 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Donahoe, Dr. Florence=, 1134 Eighth Street, N. W., Washington, D.
C.

=Donahoe, John P.=, Wilmington, Del.; National Commander, Union
Veteran Legion; a member of the recent Constitutional Convention
of the state.

=Donahoe, Patrick=, publisher of _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.

=Donahue, Frank P.=, 9 Pynchon Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Donahue, Hugh= (M. D.), 200 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Donahue, John J.=, Keene, N. H.

=Donigan, Bernard E.=, of Donigan & O’Brien, clothiers, 322 Essex
Street, Lawrence, Mass.; formerly Postmaster at Orono, Me.

=Donnellan, Col. John W.=, banker, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Donnelly, B. J.=, of Shea & Donnelly, granite workers and
contractors, Lynn, Mass.

=Donnelly, Hon. Ignatius=, Nininger, Minn.; upholder of the Baconian
theory regarding Shakespeare’s works; twice elected
Lieutenant-Governor of Minnesota; has been a Member of Congress.

=Donnelly, Hugh J.=, 100 Central Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Donoghoe, Dr. D. F.=, 240 Maple Street, Holyoke, member School
Board.

=Donovan, Col. Henry F.=, Chicago, Ill.; late Inspector-General
Illinois National Guard; served five terms as President of the
County Board of Education; proprietor of the _Chicago Eagle_.

=Donovan, Daniel=, 21 High Rock Street, Lynn, Mass.; an authority on
heraldry, armorial bearings, etc., particularly as the same relate
to Ireland.

=Donovan, Daniel A.=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., manufacturers, 47–51
Willow Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Donovan, Dr. James A.=, Lewiston, Me.

=Donovan, John J.=, lawyer, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Donovan, Joseph=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

=Donovan, M. F.=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., 47–51 Willow Street, Lynn,
Mass.

=Donovan, Michael R.= (M. D.), 128 South Common Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Donovan, Timothy=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., 47–51 Willow Street,
Lynn, Mass.

=Donovan, William H.=, Lawrence, Mass.

=Doogue, William=, Superintendent of public grounds, Boston, Mass.

=Doolittle, James G.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Doran, John=, of the law firm, McGuinness & Doran, Weybosset
Street, Providence, R. I.

=Doran, Patrick L.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Dowd, Frederick C.=, Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

=Dowd, Michael=, Tacoma, Wash.

=Dowd, Michael J.=, 31–39 Merrimack Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Dowd, Peter A.=, 95 Milk Street, Boston, Mass.

=Dowling, M. J.=, Renville, Minn.; Secretary of the National
Republican League.

=Dowling, Rev. Austin=, Editor _The Visitor_, Providence, R. I.

=Downey, Daniel=, 50 Piedmont Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Doyle, John F.=, 45 William Street, New York City.

=Driscoll, C. F.=, attorney-at-law, 157 Church Street, New Haven,
Conn.

=Driscoll, Florence F.=, 56 Adams Street, Portland, Me.

=Drummond, Michael J.=, 148 West 76th Street, New York City.

=Duff, Dr. John=, 5 Dexter Row, Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

=Duff, John=, 35 Purchase Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=Duffy, Arthur E.=, 39 Ash Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=Duggan, John T.= (M. D., A. M.), President Visiting Staff, St.
Vincent’s Hospital, Worcester, Mass.

=Dunn, Edward P.=, 12 Lincoln Street, Augusta, Me.

=Dunne, F. L.=, 328 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=Dunnigan, D. G.=, publisher, New Bedford, Mass.

=Dwyer, Anthony=, Biddeford, Me.

=Dwyer, M. J.=, Superintendent Marcella Street Home, Boston, Mass.

=Dyer, Dr. William H.=, Dover, N. H.

=Dyer, Hon. Elisha=, Governor of Rhode Island.

=Early, James=, Deputy Sheriff, Worcester, Mass.

=Egan, James T.=, of the law firm, Gorman & Egan, Banigan Building,
Providence, R. I.

=Egan, Maurice F.= (LL.D.), Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

=Egan, Rev. M. H.=, Rector Church of the Sacred Heart, Lebanon, N.
H.

=Ellard, George W.=, 180 Lisbon Street, Lewiston, Me.

=Emmet, Dr. Thomas Addis=, New York City; grandnephew of Robert
Emmet, the Irish patriot.

=English, Hon. Thomas Dunn= (LL.D.), 57 State Street, Newark, N. J.;
ex-Member of Congress; a well-known and entertaining writer.

=Fagan, Thomas J.=, Sergeant of Police, Chicago, Ill.

=Fahey, M. J.=, P. O. box 893, New Haven, Conn.

=Fahey, Rev. John T.=, 15 Thomas Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Fallon, Hon. Joseph D.=, 789 Broadway, South Boston, Mass.

=Fallon, Michael F.= (M. D.), 9 Portland Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Farrell, Edward D.=, 329 West 50th Street, New York City.

=Farrell, Henry W.= (M. D.), 1913 Westminster Street, Providence, R.
I.

=Farrell, J. T.= (M. D.), 1913 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Farrell, John P.=, New Haven, Conn.

=Farrell, William=, Carnation Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Farrelly, Frank T.=, 424 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Fay, Joseph H.= (M. D.), 1283 Pleasant Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Feehan, Rev. Daniel F.=, Fitchburg, Mass.

=Feeley, William J.=, treasurer of The W. J. Feeley Co.,
silversmiths and manufacturing jewelers, 185 Eddy Street,
Providence, R. I.

=Feenan, Bernard=, 85 Harbor Street, Salem, Mass.

=Field, John H.=, 27 High Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Finerty, Hon. John F.=, 69 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill.; Editor
of _The Citizen_; ex-Member of Congress.

=Finn, Rev. Thomas J.=, St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church, Derby,
Conn.

=Finnigan, James C.=, 139 Broad Street, Bangor, Me.; proprietor of
the largest cracker manufactory in the state.

=Finnigan, Patrick J.= (M. D.), 361 Cambridge Street, East
Cambridge, Mass.

=Finnigan, Thomas J.=, 121 Somerset Street, Bangor, Me.; member of
the Park Commission.

=Fitzgerald, David E.=, 179 Church Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Fitzgerald, Patrick J.=, manufacturer, 44 Nichols Street,
Haverhill, Mass.

=Fitzgerald, Rev. E. J.=, Chicopee, Mass.

=Fitzgerald, William T.=, High Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Fitzmaurice, Charles R.=, Rossland, British Columbia.

=Fitzpatrick, Edward=, editorial department of _The Times_,
Louisville, Ky.

=Fitzpatrick, J. M.=, 120 West 59th Street, New York City.

=Fitzpatrick, John B.=, real estate, etc., 23 Court Street, Boston,
Mass.; has been deputy sheriff of Suffolk County, Mass.; was for
several years an officer of the Supreme Court.

=Fitzpatrick, Thomas B.=, of the wholesale dry goods firm of Brown,
Durrell & Co., Boston, Mass.

=Fitzsimons, Hon. James M.=, Chief Justice of the City Court, New
York.

=Flaherty, Thomas H.=, 62 Gray Street, Portland, Me.

=Flanagan, Dr. Andrew J.=, 29 George Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Flannery, Capt. John=, Savannah, Ga.; of John Flannery & Co.,
cotton factors and commission merchants.

=Flatley, Joseph P.=, 916 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.

=Flatley, P. J.=, lawyer, Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

=Flatley, Rev. John=, Rector St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church,
Cambridge, Mass.

=Flynn, Hon. Joseph J.=, Opera House, Lawrence, Mass.; a State
Senator.

=Flynn, John C.=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street, Boston,
Mass.

=Flynn, Rev. James A.=, Biddeford, Me.

=Flynn, Thomas J.=, 18–20 Essex Street, Boston, Mass.

=Fogarty, James A.=, New Haven, Conn., Police Commissioner.

=Fogarty, Jeremiah W.=, assessors’ department, City Hall, Boston,
Mass.; Secretary of the Charitable Irish Society (founded 1737).

=Foley, Bernard=, 39 Edgewood Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Foley, Frank W.=, 284 Grand Avenue, New Haven, Conn.

=Foy, Julius L.=, lawyer, 408–409 Continental Bank Building, St.
Louis, Mo.

=Frawley, John P.=, 73 Main Street, Bangor, Me.

=Furlong, Joseph D.=, 75 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Gallagher, Cornelius J.=, 271 State Street, Bangor, Me.

=Gallagher, Hugh T.=, 11 Birch Street, Bangor, Me.

=Gallagher, Thomas F.=, Judge of the City Court, Fitchburg, Mass.

=Galligan, Edward F.= (M. D.), 63 Washington Street, Taunton, Mass.

=Gallivan, Maurice=, 58 Dracut Street, Dorchester, Mass.

=Galvin, John E.=, 14 Bailey Street, Dorchester, Mass.

=Galvin, Rev. John B.=, Rector St. Ann’s Church, Somerville, Mass.

=Gargan, Thomas J.=, ex-President Boston Charitable Irish Society
(founded 1737); delivered the oration for the city, July 4, 1885;
served several terms in the Massachusetts Legislature; is a member
of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Pemberton Square, Boston,
Mass.; member Subway Commission.

=Garrigan, Rev. Philip J.=, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

=Garvan, Hon. Patrick=, President Park Commission, Hartford, Conn.

=Garvey, Patrick J.=, lawyer, Holyoke, Mass.

=Gavin, Michael=, of M. Gavin & Co., wholesale grocers and cotton
factors, 232–234 Front Street, Memphis, Tenn.

=Geoghegan, Joseph=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Geoghegan, Stephen J.=, 20 East 73d Street, New York City.

=Gibbons, T. F.=, with Theodore M. Roche & Co., 203 Broadway, New
York City.

=Gilbride, Patrick=, of O’Donnell & Gilbride, Lowell, Mass.

=Gillrain, James M.=, Banigan Building, Providence, R. I.

=Gilmartin, Denis=, Lawrence, Mass.

=Glynn, John W.=, Manager the Mansion House, Springfield, Mass.

=Glynn, Thomas H.=, Water and Federal Streets, Newburyport, Mass.

=Goggin, John F.=, 57 Locust Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=Goodwin, John= (life member), 70–72 West 23d Street, New York City.

=Gorman, Hon. Charles E.=, Banigan Building, Providence, R. I.;
ex-Speaker of the Rhode Island House of Representatives; ex-U. S.
District Attorney; member of the recent Commission to Revise the
State Constitution of Rhode Island.

=Gorman, James J.=, 406 Spring Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Grace, Rev. Philip= (D. D.), Newport, R. I.

=Graham, Andrew M.=, 27 Middle Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Graham, Rev. John J.=, St. James’s Roman Catholic Church,
Haverhill, Mass.

=Grainger, William H.= (M. D.), 408 Meridian Street, East Boston,
Mass.

=Gregg, Matthew C.=, 213 Water Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Griffin, John=, 110 State Street, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Griffin, Rt. Rev. Mgr.= (D. D.), St. John’s Church, Worcester,
Mass.

=Griffis, Rev. William Elliot= (D. D.), Ithaca, N. Y.; formerly
pastor of the First Reformed Church, Schenectady, N. Y., and
subsequently of the Shawmut Congregational Church, Boston, Mass.;
some years ago went to Japan to organize schools on the American
plan; held chair of physics in the Imperial University at Tokio;
an able writer and author of note.

=Grimes, Robert W.=, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Grimes, Thomas=, of Grimes Bros., Providence, R. I.

=Guiney, John=, 9 Harvey Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Hall, Edward A.=, member of the Connecticut Valley Historical
Society, 66 Spring Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Halley, William=, publisher of _The Vindicator_, Austin, Ill.

=Halpine, Lieut. N. J. F.= (U. S. N.), West Roxbury, Mass.

=Haltigan, Patrick J.=, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.
C.

=Hanley, Frank L.=, Olneyville, R. I.

=Hanrahan, Dr. John D.=, Rutland, Vt., Surgeon in U. S. Navy during
Civil War; ex-Postmaster of Rutland; first President Rutland
County Medical and Surgical Society.

=Hanrahan, William J.=, 200 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Harney, Hubert J.=, of the manufacturing firm Harney Bros., 103
Washington Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Harney, Patrick J.=, of Harney Bros., 103 Washington Street, Lynn,
Mass.

=Harney, Thomas F.=, of Harney Bros., 103 Washington Street, Lynn,
Mass.

=Harper, William, Jr.=, People’s Institute, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Harrington, Rev. J. C.=, Rector of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic
Church, Lynn, Mass.

=Harrington, Rev. John M.=, Lewiston, Me.

=Harrington, Thomas F.= (M. D.), Lowell, Mass.

=Harrington, Timothy=, Water Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Harson, M. Joseph=, 126 Waterman Street, Providence, R. I.; a
founder of Phi Kappa Sigma Fraternity; member of the Rhode Island
Historical Society.

=Harty, Rev. John=, Rector of the Church of the Sacred Heart,
Pawtucket, R. I.

=Hastings, Hon. Daniel H.=, Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg,
Pa.

=Hayes, Dr. S. W.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Hayes, Hon. John J.=, 8 Oliver Street, Boston, Mass.; commission
merchant; has been a member of the Boston School Board and a State
Senator.

=Hayes, John=, Concord Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Heagney, Michael J.=, 2 Hancock Street, Linden district, Malden,
Mass.

=Healey, Col. D. F.=, Manchester, N. H.; served on the Staff of
Governor Goodell of New Hampshire; was high sheriff of
Hillsborough County, N. H., for over twelve years.

=Healey, Jere=, President of the Board of Aldermen, Newburyport,
Mass.

=Healey, John W.=, 128 Washington Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Healy, Col. John G.=, 117 Sherman Avenue, New Haven, Conn.; served
in Ninth Connecticut Regiment during Civil War; has been first
Vice-President of the Nineteenth Army Corps Association.

=Healy, John A.=, 85 West Hollis Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Healy, Richard=, President Bay State Savings Bank, Worcester, Mass.

=Hearn, Edward L.=, State Deputy Knights of Columbus, South
Framingham, Mass.

=Heery, Col. Luke=, 99 Fairmount Street, Lowell, Mass.; recently on
the Staff of Governor Waller of Connecticut.

=Heery, James=, 99 Fairmount Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Heffern, Peter J.= (D. D. S.), 255 Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.;
member of the State Board of Registration in Dentistry.

=Hegerty, Stephen J.=, Hallowell, Me.

=Hennessy, Daniel= (M. D.), 5 High Street, Bangor, Me.

=Hickey, James G.= (life member), Manager U. S. Hotel, Boston, Mass.

=Hickey, Michael J.=, manufacturer, 80 Emerson Street, Haverhill,
Mass.

=Hicks, Michael=, 147 West 121st Street, New York City.

=Hogan, Capt. Thomas J.=, 225 Middle Street, Portland, Me.

=Hogan, Daniel W.=, 40 Cushing Street, Medford, Mass.

=Hogan, John W.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

=Hogan, Very Rev. John B.= (S. S., D. D.), President of St. John’s
Ecclesiastical Seminary, Brighton (Boston), Mass.

=Holland, D. A.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

=Holland, Dennis J.=, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

=Holland, John P.=, 141 Broadway, New York City; inventor of the
submarine torpedo boat.

=Hopkins, William=, Assistant Day Editor _Boston Globe_; the
talented “Bud Brier.”

=Horigan, Cornelius=, Biddeford, Me.; ex-Member Maine Legislature.

=Howard, Rev. J. J.=, St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church, Worcester,
Mass.

=Howard, T. J.=, lawyer, Manchester, N. H.

=Howes, Osborne=, Secretary of the Board of Fire Underwriters, 55
Kilby Street, Boston, Mass.; a descendant of David O’Killia
(O’Kelly), who is heard from on Cape Cod, Mass., as early as 1657,
and who was a participant in King Philip’s War; Mr. Howes is of
the seventh American generation on the O’Killia side and of the
eighth on another.

=Howley, Edward B.=, El Paso, Texas.

=Hoye, John A.=, 40 Third Street, Dover, N. H.

=Hughes, Rev. Christopher=, Fall River, Mass.

=Hurley, Rev. E. F.=, Rector of St. Dominic’s Roman Catholic Church,
Portland, Me.

=Hyde, William A.=, 61 Murdock Street, Brighton (Boston), Mass.

=Jackson, Joseph=, of the Curran & Joyce Co., Lawrence, Mass.

=Johnson, James G.=, 301 West End Avenue, New York City.

=Jordan, M. J.=, lawyer, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass.

=Kane, John P.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

=Keating, James E.= (M. D.), 143 Pine Street, Portland, Me.

=Keating, Patrick M.=, of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Pemberton
Square, Boston, Mass.

=Keating, William H.=, 15 Vaughn Street, Portland, Me.

=Keefe, Dennis F.= (D. D. S.), Butler Exchange, Providence, R. I.

=Keefe, Patrick H.= (M. D.), 257 Benefit Street, Providence, R. I.

=Keely, George=, 270 Brackett Street, Portland, Me.

=Kehoe, John B.=, Portland, Me.

=Keleher, T. D.=, Disbursing Clerk for office of auditor to the Post
Office Department, Washington, D. C.

=Kelley, Daniel B.=, 21 Windsor Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Kelley, J. D. Jerrold=, Lieutenant-Commander U. S. N.; was recently
attached to the battleship _Texas_; address, care Navy Department,
Washington, D. C.

=Kelley, John W.=, City Solicitor, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Kelley, Joseph J.=, 98 Otis Street, East Cambridge, Mass.

=Kelley, Patrick=, 19 Davidson Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Kelliher, Michael W.= (M. D.), Pawtucket, R. I.

=Kelly, James=, 13 Greenleaf Street, Portland, Me.

=Kelly, James E.=, Postmaster, Ogdensburg, N. Y.

=Kelly, John P.= (D. D. S), 12 Essex Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Kelly, Michael= (M. D.), Fall River, Mass.

=Kelly, William J.=, 9 Dover Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Kelly, William J.=, Kittery, Me.

=Kendricken, Hon. Paul H.=, 75 Maple Street, Roxbury (Boston),
Mass.; ex-State Senator; member of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion.

=Kenefick, Owen A.=, photographer, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Kennedy, Charles F.=, Brewer, Me.

=Kennedy, Dr. Francis M.=, 446 County Street, New Bedford, Mass.;
Trustee of Public Library.

=Kennedy, Hon. P. J.=, 165 Webster Street, East Boston, Mass.; has
been a Senator.

=Kennedy, John=, 1129 Bedford Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Kennedy, Joseph P.=, 311 South Water Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=Kennedy, P. J.=, 322 and 324 Nicollet Avenue, Minneapolis, Minn.;
of Kennedy Bros., dealers in firearms, ammunition, etc.

=Kenney, James W.=, Treasurer Union Brewing Co., Roxbury (Boston),
Mass.

=Kenney, William F.=, Day Editor-in-Chief, _The Globe_, Boston,
Mass.

=Kent, Pierce=, 356 East 57th Street, New York City; a Lieutenant in
the 69th Regiment.

=Kerr, Dr. James=, 1711 H Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

=Kiernan, Rev. Owen=, Rector Church of the Immaculate Conception,
Fall River, Mass.

=Kiley, Daniel F.=, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.; of Kiley Bros.,
dry-goods merchants.

=Killoren, Hon. Andrew=, Dover, N. H.; ex-State Senator.

=Kilroy, Patrick=, lawyer, 475 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Kilroy, Philip= (M. D.), Glen-Rath; Visiting Physician Springfield
Hospital, Springfield, Mass.

=King, Thomas E.=, 104 Howard Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Kinsela, John L.=, 509 Gorham Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Kirby, John P.=, Chicopee, Mass.

=Kirmes, Victor C.=, Melrose, Mass.

=Kivel, Hon. John=, Dover, N. H.

=Lalor, John J.=, Mint Bureau, U. S. Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.; author of the well-known _Cyclopædia of
Political Science_, _Political Economy_, and of the _Political
History of the United States_.

=Lamb, Matthew B.=, 516 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Lamson, Col. Daniel S.=, Weston, Mass.; Lieutenant-Colonel
commanding 6th Regiment (Mass.), 1861; A. A. G., Norfolk, 1862;
served on staff of General Hooker; is a member of the Society of
Colonial Wars, Sons of the American Revolution, and Military Order
of the Loyal Legion; one of his ancestors landed at Ipswich,
Mass., in 1632 and received a grant of 350 acres, which still
remains in the family; another ancestor, Samuel, of Reading,
Mass., participated in King Philip’s War and had a son in the
expedition of 1711. Another member of the family, Samuel, of
Weston, commanded a company at Concord, Mass., April 19, 1775, and
was Major and Colonel of the 3d Middlesex Regiment for many years,
dying in 1795.

=Lane, Rev. Florence A.=, Chicopee, Mass.

=Lane, Thomas J.=, 120 Havre Street, East Boston, Mass.

=Lannan, P. H.=, _The Tribune Office_, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Lappin, J. J.=, 7 Grant Street, Portland, Me.

=Larkin, James E.=, 17 Linden Street, Everett, Mass.; was
Lieutenant-Colonel of the 5th Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteers.

=Larkin, Very Rev. Thomas J.= (S. M.), President of All Hallows’s
College, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Lawler, Thomas B.=, 39 May Street, Worcester, Mass.; with Ginn &
Company, publishers, Tremont Place, Boston, Mass.; Librarian and
Archivist of the society; member American Oriental Society and
Archaeological Institute of America.

=Lawless, Hon. Joseph T.=, Secretary of State, Richmond, Va.

=Leahey, Dr. George A.=, Lowell, Mass.

=Leahy, John P.=, lawyer, U. S. Trust Company Building, 30 Court
Street. Boston, Mass.

=Leary, Daniel E.=, lawyer, Court Square, Theatre Building,
Springfield, Mass.

=Leary, Denis F.=, 254 Central Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Lee, Hugh J.=, on staff of _The Times_, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Lee, Rev. Robert F.=, 156 Danforth Street, Portland, Me.

=Lee, Thomas C.=, 277 Central Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Lenihan, M. C.=, Marshalltown, Iowa.

=Lennox, George W.=, manufacturer, Duncan Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Leonard, James F.=, clothier, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.;
recently candidate for Mayor.

=Leonard, Thomas F.=, musical director, Essex Street, Lawrence.
Mass.

=Linehan, Hon. John C.=, State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N.
H.; ex-Member of the Governor’s Council: Commander of Brown Post
No. 31, G. A. R., for three years; Commander of the G. A. R.,
Department of New Hampshire, two years; President of the N. H.
Veteran Association, two years; Junior Vice Commander-in-Chief;
member of Pension Committee of the National Encampment; Director
of the Gettysburg Battlefield Association, ten years; recently
a leading candidate at Buffalo, N. Y., for National
Commander-in-Chief; President Board of Trustees of New Hampshire
State Industrial School; recipient of an honorary degree from
Dartmouth College. Colonel Linehan is an authority on the early
history of the Irish in New England, and has written many articles
on the subject. He is the Society’s Treasurer-General; resides in
Penacook, N. H.

=Linehan, James C.=, 18 Foster Street, Peabody, Mass.

=Linehan, John J.=, Springfield, Mass.; a director in the Bay State
Corset Company.

=Linehan, Rev. Timothy P.=, Rector of St. Mary’s Roman Catholic
Church, Biddeford, Me.; was for ten years Rector of the Cathedral,
Portland, Me.

=Linehan, Timothy P.=, Wolfe Tavern, Newburyport, Mass.

=Littleton, Stephen F.=, 10 Riverside Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Lovell, David B.= (M. D.), 32 Pearl Street, Worcester, Mass.;
member New England Opthalmological Society.

=Lowery, Dr. James E.=, Sopris, Las Animas County, Colorado.

=Lowery, William H.=, 86 Adams Street, Portland, Me.

=Lyman, William=, 51 East 122d Street, New York City.

=Lynch, Charles E.=, 367 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Lynch, Cornelius J.=, 331 Pine Street, Bangor, Me.

=Lynch, Dr. M. H.=, Chicopee Falls, Mass., City Physician.

=Lynch, Gen. John J.=, 145 Spring Street, Portland, Me.

=Lynch, John E.=, Principal Thomas Street School, Director Free
Public Library, Worcester, Mass.

=Lynch, Thomas J.=, Augusta, Me.; Treasurer Augusta Board of Trade.

=Lynn, Hon. Wauhope=, 32 Chambers Street, New York City; Justice of
the First Judicial District.

=Lyons, Dr. W. H. A.=, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Lyons, Michael R.=, 243 Main Street, Fitchburg, Mass.

=Lyons, Rev. John J.=, Manchester, N. H.

=Macguire, Constantine J.= (M. D.), 120 East 60th Street, New York
City.

=Magee, John A.= (M. D.), 203 Haverhill Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Magenis, James P.=, Law Department of Cornell University, Ithaca,
N. Y.; recently Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, Boston,
Mass.

=Magner, Thomas=, Superintendent Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.,
Rutland, Vt.

=Magrane, P. B.=, dry-goods merchant, Lynn, Mass.

=Maguire, John=, Butte City, Montana.

=Maguire, John E.=, of Thayer & Maguire, manufacturers, Haverhill,
Mass.

=Maher, Dr. Stephen J.=, 212 Orange Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Maher, James J.=, Augusta, Me.

=Mahoney, Daniel D.=, of D. D. Mahoney & Son, Essex Street,
Lawrence, Mass.

=Mahoney, James=, University Club, 270 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.

=Mahoney, James V.=, Commissioner of the Commercial Association,
Sioux City, Iowa.

=Mahoney, John P. S.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.;
recently President of the Common Council.

=Mahoney, M. J.=, Hampshire and Bradford Streets, Lawrence, Mass.

=Malloy, Gen. A. G.=, El Paso, Texas; a veteran of the Mexican and
Civil Wars; during the latter conflict he was successively Major,
Colonel, and Brigadier-General; has been Collector of the Port of
Galveston.

=Malone, John=, Actors’ Society of America, 1432 Broadway, New York
City.

=Maloney, Dr. Thomas E.=, 278 Franklin Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Mangan, John J.= (M. D.), 55 North Common Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Mannix, Cornelius A.=, 40 Sheridan Street, Portland, Me.

=Marshall, Rev. George F.=, Rector of St. Paul’s Roman Catholic
Church, Milford, N. H.

=May, Henry A.=, 47 Florence Street, Roslindale, Mass.; a descendant
through his mother, Roxana Butler, of Pelham, N. H., from James
Butler, the planter of Lancaster, Mass. (1653), who came from
Ireland, and was the largest landowner in what is now Worcester
County. He owned land in Dunstable, Woburn, and Billerica, where
he died in 1681. His son, Deacon John Butler, was the first child
of Irish parentage born in Woburn, Mass., and John was the first
settler of what is now Pelham, N. H., and lies buried there. A
monument was erected to his memory on “Pelham Green,” in the
center of the town of Pelham, in 1886, by his descendants, some
1200 being present at the dedication in June of that year. McAdoo,
Hon. William, Assistant Secretary of the Navy (under Cleveland),
Washington, D. C. =McAleer, George=, Treasurer, Bay State Savings
Bank, Worcester, Mass.

=McAlevy, John F.=, 26–50 North Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=McAloon, Vincent J.=, 213 Pleasant Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=McAuliffe, John F.=, with the Livermore & Knight Co., Westminster
Street, Providence, R. I.

=McCaffrey, Hugh=, (life member), Fifth and Berks Streets,
Philadelphia, Pa.

=McCann, Daniel E.=, 37 Preble Street, Portland, Me.

=McCarthy, Charles, Jr.=, Portland, Me.

=McCarthy, Eugene T.=, lawyer, 343 Union Street, Lynn, Mass.

=McCarthy, John T.=, 84 Lisbon Street, Lewiston, Me.

=McCarthy, Joseph=, Editorial Department _Daily Globe_, Boston,
Mass.

=McCarthy, Patrick J.=, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

=McCarthy, T. A.= (D. D. S.), Main Street, Nashua, N. H.

=McCaughey=, Bernard, 93–105 North Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=McClallen, Edward C.=, Rutland, Vt.; of the fifth American
generation.

=McClure, Rev. Edward L.=, Rector St. Patrick’s Church, Brockton,
Mass.

=McCluskey, James J.=, 34 School Street, Boston, Mass.

=McConnell, James E.=, lawyer, Fitchburg, Mass.; candidate for
Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, 1896.

=McConway, William= (life member), manufacturer, Pittsburg, Pa.

=McCoy, Rev. John J.=, Permanent Rector of the Church of the Holy
Name, Chicopee, Mass.

=McCrystal, Capt. Edward T.=, 69th Regiment Infantry, N. G. N. Y.,
New York City.

=McCullough, Edward= (M. D.), 123 Union Street, Bangor, Me.

=McCullough, John=, 55 Maxfield Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=McCusker, John F.= (M. D.), 96 Broad Street, Providence, R. I.

=McDermott, Rev. William A.=, Redwood, N. Y.; under the
_nom-de-plume_ “Walter Lecky” he has produced much literary work.

=McDermott, Thomas J.=, Biddeford, Me.; proprietor of Biddeford Iron
and Brass Works.

=McDonald, Mitchell=, Paymaster, U. S. N.; recently attached to the
battleship _Texas_; address, care Navy Department, Washington, D.
C.

=McDonnell, Thomas F. I.=, 17 Custom House Street, Providence, R. I.

=McDonough, Edward J.= (M. D.), 333 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=McDonough, Rev. M. C.=, Rector of the Cathedral, Portland, Me.

=McEleney, William=, 45 Cedar Street, Portland, Me.

=McElroy, Rev. Charles J.=, Rector St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church,
Derby, Conn.

=McEvoy, John W.=, lawyer, 137 Central Street, Lowell, Mass.

=McGauran, Michael S.= (M. D.), Lawrence, Mass.

=McGillicuddy, Hon. D. J.=, Lewiston, Me.; Mayor 1887–90.

=McGinnis, Lieut.-Col. John R.=, _Kennebec Arsenal_, Augusta, Me.

=McGinnis, Rev. John J.=, Sandford, Me.

=McGlinchy, J. H.=, 128 Danforth Street, Portland, Me.

=McGoey, J.=, 78 Worth Street, New York City.

=McGovern, Joseph P.=, 193 Green Street, New York City.

=McGowan, Joseph A.=, 263 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=McGowan, T. P.=, 418 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=McGrath, Rev. Christopher=, 264 Washington Street. Somerville,
Mass.; Rector St. Joseph’s Church.

=McGuinness, Bernard=, 32 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=McGuinness, Hon. Edwin D.=, Providence, R. I.; has served two terms
as Mayor of Providence, and two as Secretary of State of Rhode
Island.

=McGuire, Edward J.=, lawyer, 56 Pine Street, New York City.

=McGurk, Charles J.=, City Auditor, New Bedford, Mass.

=McGurrin, Frank E.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=McIntyre, John F.=, lawyer, 220 Broadway, New York City.

=McKechnie, William G.=, lawyer, 366 Walnut Street, Springfield,
Mass.

=McKellegett, George F.=, 27 Tremont Row, Boston, Mass.

=McKeon, Francis P.=, Millbury Street School, Worcester, Mass.

=McLaughlin, Edward A.=, lawyer, 16 Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass.;
was for several years clerk of the Massachusetts House of
Representatives.

=McLaughlin, Henry V.= (M. D.), 29 Kent Street, Brookline, Mass.

=McLaughlin, James M.=, 56 Bowdoin Street, Dorchester, Mass.;
Supervisor of Music in Boston Public Schools; author of _The
Educational Music System_.

=McLaughlin, Thomas=, Hallowell, Me.

=McLaughlin, William H.=, 24 C Street, Knightville, Portland, Me.

=McLaughlin, William I.=, State Mutual Building, Worcester, Mass.; a
member of the State Legislature.

=McMahon, James H.=, 17 Main Street, Fitchburg, Mass.

=McMahon, Rev. John W.= (D. D.), Rector St. Mary’s Church,
Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

=McManus, Col. John=, 145–147 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.;
served on the staff of Governor Davis of Rhode Island.

=McManus, Gen. Thomas=, 333 Main Street, Hartford, Conn.; City
Recorder.

=McManus, Michael=, of McManus & Co., clothiers, 670 Washington
Street, Boston, Mass.

=McManus, Rev. Michael T.=, Rector St. Patrick’s Church, Lawrence,
Mass.

=McNamee, John H. H.=, 51 Frost Street, North Cambridge, Mass.

=McNeely, Richard=, 309 East 42d Street, New York City.

=McNeirny, Michael J.=, Gloucester, Mass.

=McNulty, Rev. John J.=, 92 West 6th Street, South Boston, Mass.

=McQuade, E. A.=, 75–77 Market Street, Lowell, Mass.

=McQuaid, Rev. William P.=, Rector St. James’s Church, Harrison
Avenue, Boston, Mass.

=McQueeney, Henry J.=, of the Post-Office staff, Lawrence, Mass.

=McSweeney Edward F.=, Assistant U. S. Commissioner of Immigration,
Ellis Island, N. Y.

=McSweeny, Rev. Edward=, Rector St. John’s Roman Catholic Church,
Bangor, Me.

=McVey, Edward D.=, 519 Westford Street, Lowell, Mass.

=McVicar, P. A.=, Auburndale, Mass.

=McWilliams, Daniel A.=, 16 Hamilton Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Mahoney, Michael P.=, 63 East Street, Providence, R. I.

=Manning, Timothy T.=, Springfield, Mass.

=Meany, Thomas J.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Mehegan, Daniel J.= (M. D.), 31 Broadway, Taunton, Mass.

=Melden, P. M.=, Rutland, Vt.

=Mellen, Hon. W. M. E.=, ex-Mayor, Chicopee, Mass.

=Middleton, Very Rev. Thomas C.= (D. D., O. S. A.), Villanova
College, Villanova, Pa.

=Miskella, James=, 10 Chase Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Molloy, Hugh J.=, State Normal School, Lowell, Mass.

=Moloney, T. W.=, of Butler & Moloney, counsellors-at-law, Mead
Building, Rutland, Vt.

=Mooney, J. G.=, 154 Exchange Street, Bangor, Me.

=Mooney, John A.=, 353 West 27th Street, New York City.

=Moore, Dr. James A.=, 223 Grand Avenue, New Haven, Conn.

=Moore, O’Brien= (life member), recently of the Washington (D. C.)
bureau of the _St. Louis Republic_; publisher of the _Daily
Gazette_, Charleston, W. Va.

=Moran, Col. James=, Providence, R. I., commanding the 2d Regiment,
R. I. M.

=Moran, Thomas, Jr.=, Biddeford, Me.

=Moran, William=, Biddeford, Me.

=Morrissey, William T.=, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Morrissey, Very Rev. Andrew= (C. S. C.), president of the
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind.

=Morrison, Francis M.=, 492 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Moseley, Edward A.= (President-General of the Society), Secretary
of the Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.; born in
1846, at Newburyport, Mass. He is a member of the Society of
Colonial Wars, a member of the Society of the Sons of the American
Revolution, a member of the Society of the Sons of the Revolution,
a member of the Bunker Hill Monument Society, where his
great-grandfather fought as captain in General Putnam’s Brigade
from Connecticut; has received the thanks of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts “for distinguished services in the cause of
humanity”; is the great-great-grandson of Col. Jonathan Buck;
great-grandson of Col. Ebenezer Buck; also claims descent from
Col. William Gilmore, of New Hampshire, formerly of Coleraine,
Ireland—all Revolutionary heroes. His father, Edward S. Moseley,
of Newburyport, Mass., is a member of the executive committee of
the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati.

=Moses, George H.=, editor _The Monitor_, Concord, N. H. (U. S.
Senator Chandler’s paper).

=Moynihan, Michael A.=, Portsmouth, N. H.; U. S. Internal Revenue
Office.

=Mulholland, Gen. St. Clair A.=, U. S. Pension Agent, Philadelphia,
Pa.; Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel, 116th Regiment,
Pennsylvania Volunteers; Brevet Brigadier-General for gallant
conduct in Wilderness campaign; Brevet Major-General for capturing
a fort in front of Petersburg, Va.; Congress medal of honor for
services at battle of Chancellorsville; wounded at Fredericksburg,
at the Wilderness, at Po River, and near Cold Harbor; served two
years in Meagher’s Irish Brigade, and in the last year of the war
commanded the Fourth Brigade, First Division, Second Corps
(Hancock’s).

=Mullaney, Rev. John F.=, Rector Church of St. John the Baptist,
Syracuse, N. Y.

=Mullen, Hugh=, of Brown, Durrell & Co., Boston, Mass.

=Mulligan, B. J.=, 37 Warren Street, Salem, Mass.

=Mundy, Rev. John F.=, 55 Norfolk Street, Cambridgeport, Mass.

=Murphy, Chas. B.=, Augusta, Me.

=Murphy, D. P., Jr.=, 31 Barclay Street, New York City.

=Murphy, Daniel D.= (M. D.), Amesbury, Mass.

=Murphy, David E.=, 8 Perley Street, Concord, N. H.

=Murphy, Edward J.=, 327 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Murphy, Frank J.=, lock box 161, Olean, N. Y.

=Murphy, Hon. John R.=, water commissioner, Boston, Mass.;
ex-Senator of Massachusetts.

=Murphy, James=, real estate and insurance, Essex Street, Lawrence,
Mass.

=Murphy, James=, 42 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Murphy, James R.=, lawyer, 27 School Street, Boston, Mass.

=Murphy, John A.=, 276 Union Street, Springfield, Mass.; Taylor,
Nichols Company.

=Murphy, Thomas=, 144 Elm Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Murray, Capt. John F.=, police department, Cambridge, Mass.;
residence, 9 Avon Street.

=Murray, Frank E.=, 47 Park Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Murray, Joseph T.=, 131 Pearl Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Murray, Michael J.=, attorney-at-law, 27 School Street, Boston,
Mass.

=Murray, Thomas Hamilton=, Secretary-General of the Society, 1
Beechwood Avenue, Pawtucket, R. I.; an editor of many years’
experience on leading daily papers; is the author of numerous
articles relating to early Irish settlers in this country.

=Naphen, Hon. Henry F.=, lawyer, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass.; has
served as a member of the Boston School Board and as bail
commissioner; was a member of the State Senate 1885–87.

=Neagle, Rev. Richard=, Malden, Mass.

=Neagle, Thomas J.=, 66 Franklin Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Neilon, John F.=, Saco, Me.

=Nelligan, Rev. John P.=, Hallowell, Me.

=Nicholson, George=, 40 Oak Street, Lynn, Mass.

=Nolan, Frank F.=, 224 Thames Street, Newport, R. I.

=O’Beirne, Gen. James R.=, 357 West 117th Street, New York City; in
military life has held every commissioned rank up to Brevet
Brigadier-General of Volunteers; has also been Provost Marshal, D.
C.; Deputy U. S. Marshal, D. C.; Register of Wills, D. C.; editor
_Sunday Gazette_, Washington, D. C.; Special Agent U. S. Indian
affairs; Special Agent U. S. Treasury Department; Assistant U. S.
Commissioner of Immigration at New York City; is now Commissioner
of Charities, New York City; Past Commander U. S. Medal of Honor
Legion.

=O’Brien, Capt. Lawrence=, New Haven, Conn.

=O’Brien, Charles J.=, 670 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=O’Brien, Frank J.=, of Donigan & O’Brien, clothiers, 322 Essex
Street, Lawrence, Mass.; late a member of the City Council.

=O’Brien, Hon. C. D.=, of the law firm C. D. & Thomas D. O’Brien,
212 Globe Building, St Paul, Minn.; ex-Mayor of St. Paul.

=O’Brien, Hon. Morgan J.=, 42 West 44th Street, New York City; a
Justice of the Supreme Court.

=O’Brien, James W.=, lawyer, 23 Court Street Boston, Mass.

=O’Brien, John Boyle=, 1 Beacon Street Boston, Mass.

=O’Brien, John D.=, Bank of Minnesota Building, St. Paul, Minn.; of
the law firm Stevens, O’Brien, Cole & Albrecht.

=O’Brien, Patrick=, 399 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.; a member of
the Board of Aldermen.

=O’Brien, Rev. James J.=, Somerville, Mass.; a son of the late Hon.
Hugh O’Brien, Mayor of Boston.

=O’Brien, Rev. Michael= (life member), Rector St. Patrick’s Church,
Lowell, Mass.

=O’Brien, T. Carl=, Chamber of Commerce Building, Boston, Mass.

=O’Brien, Thomas=, Pawtucket R. I.; a member of the Board of
Aldermen.

=O’Brien, Very Rev. Michael C.=, 30 Cedar Street Bangor, Me.;
Vicar-General of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Portland.

=O’Byrne, M. A.=, 370 West 118th Street New York City.

=O’Callaghan, John=, editorial department _Daily Globe_, Boston,
Mass.

=O’Callaghan, P. J.=, Lawrence, Mass.

=O’Callaghan, Rev. Denis=, Rector St. Augustine’s Roman Catholic
Church, South Boston, Mass.

=O’Connell, Dr. J. C.=, U. S. Pension Office, Washington, D. C.

=O’Connell, J. D.=, Bureau of Statistics, U. S. Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C.

=O’Connell, Timothy=, 140 State Street Newburyport, Mass.

=O’Connor, Charles A.=, 135 Lawrence Street, Manchester, N. H.;
Member State Constitutional Convention; two terms State
Legislature; ex-Consul to Yarmouth, N. S.

=O’Connor, Charles J.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

=O’Connor, D. F.=, lawyer, 341 Central Street Manchester, N. H.

=O’Connor, Dr. Joseph M.=, 204 Main Street, Biddeford, Me.

=O’Connor, Edward DeV.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

=O’Connor, Francis=, Principal of Commercial College, Kansas City,
Kan.

=O’Connor, Francis=, 531 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=O’Connor, James=, 37 Prospect Street Biddeford, Me.

=O’Connor, John D.=, The Washington Press, 18 Essex Street, Boston,
Mass.

=O’Connor, Patrick=, 99 Mill Street New Haven, Conn.

=O’Conor, P. H.=, Washington Street, Peabody, Mass.

=O’Day, Daniel=, 128 West 72d Street, New York City.

=O’Doherty, Hon. Matthew=, Louisville, Ky.

=O’Doherty, John D.= (M. D.), 11 Bennett Street, Brighton (Boston),
Mass.

=O’Doherty, Rev. James=, Rector St James’s Roman Catholic Church,
Haverhill, Mass.

=O’Donnell, Rev. Philip J.=, 887 Shawmut Avenue, Boston, Mass.

=O’Donoghue, Col. D. O’C.=, 75 Emery Street Portland, Me.

=O’Dowd, Michael=, 922 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=O’Driscoll, Daniel M.=, Western Union Telegraph Co., Charleston, S.
C.

=O’Dwyer, Hon. E. F.=, 37 West 76th Street, New York City.

=O’Farrell, Charles=, Province Court, Boston, Mass.

=O’Farrell, Col. P. A.=, Spokane, Wash.

=O’Farrell, Patrick=, of O’Farrell & Son, lawyers, Solicitors of
American and Foreign Patents, 1425 New York Avenue, Washington, D.
C.

=O’Farrell, Rev. Denis J.=, 7 North Square, Boston, Mass.; Rector
St. Stephen’s Church.

=O’Flaherty, John= (M. D.), Hartford, Conn.; served during the Civil
War in Corcoran’s Legion as a member of the 170th Regiment, N. Y.
Volunteers.

=O’Flynn, Thomas F.=, 25 Grosvenor Street, Worcester, Mass.

=O’Hart, John=, 1 Woodside, Vernon Avenue, Clontarf, Ireland; author
of _O’Hart’s Irish Pedigrees_, _The Last Princes of Tara_, etc.

=O’Hearn, William H.= (M. D.), 283 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=O’Keefe, Daniel T.= (M. D.), 183 Green Street, Jamaica Plain
(Boston), Mass.

=O’Keefe, Edmund=, Inspector Buildings, New Bedford, Mass.

=O’Keefe, John A.=, lawyer, 25 Exchange Street, Lynn, Mass.;
formerly Principal of the High School, that city; recently
candidate for Attorney-General of Massachusetts.

=O’Kennedy, J. J. Karbry= (LL.D.), 111 Broadway, New York City.

=O’Loughlin, Patrick=, lawyer, 23 Court Street, Boston, Mass.

=O’Mahoney, Daniel J.=, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.;
ex-Superintendent of Streets.

=O’Mahoney, Michael=, of Moulton & O’Mahoney, contractors, Lawrence,
Mass.

=O’Malley, Rev. John=, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

=O’Neal, Hon. Emmet=, U. S. District Attorney, Florence, Ala.

=O’Neil, Hon. Joseph H.=, Sub-Treasurer of the United States,
Boston, Mass.

=O’Neil, James=, 521 7th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

=O’Neil, James=, Hampshire and Common Streets, Lawrence, Mass.

=O’Neil, Rev. J. L.= (O. P.), 871 Lexington Avenue, New York City.
This is a life membership standing to the credit of “The Editor of
_The Rosary Magazine_.” It is so arranged in order that successive
editors of the publication may enjoy the rights and privileges of
the society. Father O’Neil was the first to represent the magazine
in the organization.

=O’Neill, Eugene C.=, 51 Lee Avenue, Newport, R. I.

=O’Neill, James L.=, Franklin Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

=O’Neill, John E.=, 53 Lee Avenue, Newport, R. I.; member of the
Board of Aldermen; cashier New York and Boston Despatch Express
Company.

=O’Neill, William F.=, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

=O’Reilly, Luke F.=, 825 7th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

=O’Reilly, Rev. James T.= (O. S. A.), Rector St. Mary’s Church,
Lawrence, Mass.

=O’Reilly, Thomas B.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=O’Shea, Dennis=, of O’Shea Bros., Laconia, N. H.; Proprietors
Laconia Knitting Company.

=O’Shea, J. F.= (M. D), 116 Union Street, Lynn, Mass.

=O’Sullivan, Hon. Edward F.=, City Engineer’s Office, Lawrence,
Mass.; an ex-Senator.

=O’Sullivan, Humphrey=, 105 Butterfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

=O’Sullivan, James=, of O’Sullivan Bros., Merrimack Street, Lowell,
Mass.

=O’Sullivan, James T.=, real estate and insurance, Lawrence, Mass.;
ex-City Marshal.

=Palmer, Rev. Edmund B.=, 4 Peter Parley Street, Jamaica Plain
(Boston), Mass.; great-grandson of Barnabas Palmer, of Rochester,
N. H., who was born in Cork or Limerick, 1725, and who emigrated
from there with two brothers, and enlisted under Sir William
Pepperill. Barnabas sailed from Portsmouth, N. H., one of the
force of 3000 men, 1745; and on the Isle of Cape Breton, under
Fort Louisburg, left his right arm. Subsequently he settled in
Rochester, N. H., married, had fourteen children, and was a member
of the General Court of New Hampshire that ratified the
Constitution of the United States.

=Patterson, Rev. Geo. J.=, Rector St Vincent’s Church, South Boston,
Mass.

=Penney, William M.=, 34 West 26th Street, New York City.

=Pepper, Rev. George W.= (Methodist), 1021 East Madison Avenue,
Cleveland, Ohio; ex-U. S. Consul to Milan.

=Perry, Dr. Charles=, P. O. Box 2977, New York City.

=Phalen, Rev. Frank L.=, pastor Unitarian Church, Concord, N. H.;
chaplain of the First N. H. Regiment, U. S. Volunteers (war with
Spain).

=Phelan, Edmund=, 32 Adams Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Phelan, Hon. John J.=, recently Connecticut’s Secretary of State,
Bridgeport, Conn.

=Phelan, Rev. J.=, Rector St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church, Rock
Valley, Iowa; recently editor of the _Northwestern Catholic_.

=Philpott, Anthony J.=, editorial department of the _Daily Globe_,
Boston, Mass.

=Piggott, Michael=, lawyer, 1634 Vermont Street, Quincy, Ill.

=Pigott, Hon. James P.=, 179 Church Street, New Haven, Conn.;
ex-Member of Congress.

=Plunkett, Thomas=, 257 6th Street, East Liverpool, Ohio.

=Power, James D.=, 2007 G Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

=Pulleyn, John J.=, Treasurer Catholic Club, 171 West 94th Street,
New York City.

=Quinlan, Prof. Francis J.= (M. D., LL.D.), 33 West 38th Street, New
York City; President New York Celtic Medical Society; late surgeon
in the U. S. Indian service.

=Quinn, Hon. John=, 66 Broadway, New York City.

=Quinn, William H.=, Hallowell, Me.

=Quinton, Capt. William=, 7th U. S. Infantry, 35 Kneeland Street,
Boston, Mass.

=Radikin, Edward F.=, of Radikin, Cooney & McNulty, dry-goods
merchants, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Rafferty, Dr. James J.=, Worcester, Mass.

=Ratigan, John B.=, lawyer, Walker Building, Worcester, Mass.

=Reardon, Edmund=, 24 Commerce Street, Boston, Mass.

=Reardon, J. P.= (D. D. S.), Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

=Reddy, Hon. W. F.=, 23 Schafer Building, Richmond, Va.; a member of
the State Legislature.

=Reed, Henry E.=, 162 2d Street, Portland, Ore.; manager _Catholic
Sentinel_.

=Regan, W. P.=, architect, Lawrence, Mass.

=Reilly, James C.=, Clement Building, Rutland, Vt.

=Reilly, John M.=, Box 122, Columbus, Ind.

=Reilly, W. F. B.= (D. D. S.), 72 Merrimack Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Rice, James D.=, 39 Hammond Street, Bangor, Me.

=Rice, John H.=, Eastern Trust and Banking Co., Bangor, Me.

=Riordan, John H.=, 136 Fort Hill Avenue, Lowell, Mass.

=Robinson, Thomas W.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Roche, James Jeffrey= (LL.D.), editor of _The Pilot_, 630
Washington Street, Boston, Mass.; author of a _Story of the
Filibusters_, _Life of John Boyle O’Reilly_, _Songs and Satires_,
_Ballads of Blue Water_, and other works.

=Rock, Thomas H.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Rodwaye, Alfred J.=, 44 Kingston Street, Boston, Mass.; a member of
the Jacobite Order of the White Rose; Fellow of the Royal
Historical Society, England; Fellow of the Royal Society of
Northern Antiquarians, Denmark; member of the Royal Italian
Heraldic Academy.

=Ronayne, Thomas H.=, lawyer, 5 Beekman Street, New York City.

=Rooney, John J.=, of Rooney & Spence, customs brokers, 66, 68, and
70 Beaver Street, New York City.

=Roosevelt, Hon. Theodore=, recently Assistant Secretary of the
Navy, Washington, D. C.

=Ruggles, Henry Stoddard= (ninth American generation), Wakefield,
Mass.; a member of the Sons of the Revolution and of the Sons of
the American Revolution.

=Rush, John=, 16th and Farnham Streets, Omaha, Neb.

=Ryan, Felix L.=, 47 Main Street, Bangor, Me.

=Ryan, John=, 789 Westfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Ryan, John J.=, lawyer, 204 Merrimack Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Ryan, John J.=, 59 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=Ryan, Patrick H.=, 789 Westfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Ryan, Philip=, 79 Portland Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Ryan, Richard=, Rutland Vt.

=Ryan, Sylvester A.=, 565 Chestnut Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Sanders, Col. C. C.=, Gainesville, Ga.; President of the State
Banking Co.; commanded the 24th Georgia Regiment in the Civil War;
grandson of an Irishman; his regiment received the famous charges
of Meagher’s Irish Brigade at Fredericksburg.

=Scanlan, John F.=, 4333 Indiana Avenue, Chicago, Ill.

=Sexton, Sergt. Patrick G.=, Augusta, Me.

=Shahan, Rev. Thomas H.=, Malden, Mass.

=Shahan, Rev. Thomas J.= (D. D.), Catholic University, Washington,
D. C.

=Shanahan, Rev. Edmund T.= (Ph.D., D. D.), Catholic University,
Washington, D. C.

=Shea, C. J.=, of Shea & Donnelly, Lynn, Mass.

=Shea, John T.=, 119 3d Street, East Cambridge, Mass.; member of the
Board of Aldermen.

=Shea, M. J.=, Piedmont Street, Canton, Ohio.

=Shea, Richard J.=, City Hall, Lawrence, Mass.; clerk of the
Council; City Auditor.

=Sheahan, Dennis H.=, lawyer, Providence, R. I.; ex-clerk of the
Rhode Island House of Representatives.

=Sheehan, John A.=, Pickering Building, Manchester, N. H.

=Sheran, Hugh F.=, 46 Charter Street, Boston, Mass.; formerly of the
City Assessors’ Department.

=Sheridan, Bernard H.=, principal of the Oliver School, Lawrence,
Mass.

=Shortell, Joseph P.=, 28 Cabot Street, Salem, Mass.

=Slattery, James A.=, Pawtucket, R. I.; member of the School
Committee.

=Slattery, William=, Holyoke, Mass.

=Sloane, Prof. William M.=, Columbia College, New York City; author
of _Life of Napoleon_.

=Smith, Dr. Thomas B.=, Wyman’s Exchange, Lowell, Mass.

=Smith, Joseph=, Secretary of the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass.;
a clear, vigorous writer and author of many articles of an
ethnological and historical nature.

=Smith, Rev. Thomas M.=, East Liverpool, Ohio.

=Smith, William H.=, 18 Oak Street, Hartford, Conn.

=Smyth, Eneas=, Brookline, Mass.

=Smyth, Rev. Hugh J.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Smyth, Rev. Hugh P.=, Rector St. Joseph’s Church, Roxbury (Boston),
Mass.

=Somers, James F.=, 83 West 132d Street, New York City.

=Somers, P. E.=, manufacturer, 17 Hermon Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Somers, Philip M.=, 349 Broadway, New York City.

=Somers, Thomas F.=, 349 Broadway, New York City.

=Spillane, Jere B.=, associate editor _The Music Trade Review_;
editor _The Keynote_; 3 East 14th Street, New York City.

=St. Clair, Sam C.=, civil engineer, 519 Court Street, Reading, Pa.

=St. Gaudens, Augustus=, sculptor, New York City.

=Steele, N. C.= (M. D.), Chattanooga, Tenn.; four generations
removed from Ireland.

=Stevens, Walter F.=, druggist, 176 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Sullivan, Eugene M.=, Chicopee, Mass.

=Sullivan, Hon. John H.=, President of the Columbian Trust Company,
20 Meridian Street, East Boston, Mass.; a Massachusetts Senator,
1888; a member of the Governor’s Council, 1895, 1896, 1898.

=Sullivan, Hon. M. B.=, Dover, N. H., ex-State Senator.

=Sullivan, James O.=, 245 Main Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Sullivan, Jeremiah O.=, 431 Purchase Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=Sullivan, John D.=, 113 Palm Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Sullivan, John J.=, 140 Chestnut Street, Nashua, N. H.

=Sullivan, H. F.= (M. D.), Oak Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Sullivan, M. J.=, of Buckley, McCormack & Sullivan, furniture
salesrooms, Lawrence, Mass.

=Sullivan, Patrick F.=, of Sullivan Bros., 9 School Street, Boston,
Mass.

=Sullivan, Patrick H.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

=Sullivan, Roger G.=, 803 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Sullivan, T. Russell=, 10 Charles Street, Boston, Mass.; a
descendant of Gov. James Sullivan of Massachusetts.

=Sullivan, Timothy P.=, Concord, N. H.; furnished granite from his
New Hampshire quarries for the new National Library Building,
Washington, D. C.

=Sullivan, William J.= (M. D.), Lawrence, Mass.

=Supple, Rev. James N.=, Rector St Francis de Sales’s Church,
Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

=Swords, Col. Henry Leonard=, The Florence, 4th Avenue and 18th
Street, New York City.

=Swords, Joseph Forsyth=, 250 Main Street, Hartford, Conn.; a
descendant of Cornet George Swords, one of the A. D. 1649 officers
in the service of Kings Charles I and Charles II in Ireland.
Joseph F. Swords is a member of the Sons of the American
Revolution and a life member of the Connecticut Historical
Society. He is of the fourth American generation from Francis
Dawson Swords, graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, 1750, who was
exiled from Ireland, 1760, and who served in the Patriot Army
throughout the war of the Revolution.

=Tally, Philip=, 353 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Teeling, Rev. Arthur J.=, Permanent Rector St. Mary’s Roman
Catholic Church, Lynn, Mass.

=Tennian, Rev. John C.=, Rector Church of the Assumption, Potter’s
Avenue, Providence, R. I.

=Thomas, Robert J.=, Water Department, Lowell, Mass.

=Thompson, Robert Ellis= (Ph.D., S. T. D.), President Central High
School, Philadelphia, Pa.; recently a professor in the University
of Pennsylvania.

=Tigh, Frederick= (M. D.), 132 High Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Timmins, Patrick J.= (M. D.), 487 Broadway, South Boston, Mass.

=Tobin, Capt. John M.=, Box 524, Washington, D. C.; a commissioned
officer during the war in the Ninth Massachusetts Regiment (The
“Irish Ninth.”)

=Toland, M. A.=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street, Boston,
Mass.

=Toomey, Daniel J.=, manager _Donahoe’s Magazine_, Washington
Street, Boston, Mass.

=Toomey, R. A.=, with Forbes & Wallace, Springfield, Mass.

=Travers, Frank C.=, President of Travers Brothers Co., 107 Duane
Street, New York City, cordage manufacturers.

=Treanor, J. 0.=, 211 Union Street, Nashville, Tenn.

=Tuckey, James F.=, 26 Grove Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Vail, Roger=, associate editor of _The Irish Standard_,
Minneapolis, Minn.

=Vance, Thomas F.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.; attorney-at-law.

=Waldron, Thomas F.=, 74 Washington Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Wallace, Rev. T. H.=, Lewiston, Me.

=Waller, Hon. Thomas M.=, ex-Governor of Connecticut; member of the
law firm of Waller & Wagner, 15 Wall Street, New York City.

=Walsh, Hon. Patrick=, publisher of _The Chronicle_, Augusta, Ga.;
Mayor of Augusta; recently United States Senator.

=Walsh, James A.=, Lewiston, Me.; agent Lewiston Bleachery.

=Walsh, Michael= (LL.D., Ph.D.), editor of _The Sunday Democrat_, 32
Park Row, New York City.

=Walsh, William P.=, 247 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

=Ward, Edward=, Kennebunk, Me.

=Ward, John=, Kennebunk, Me.

=Ward, Michael J.=, Hotel Ilkley, Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass.

=Ward, Patrick=, 13 Casco Street, Portland, Me.

=Weadock, Hon. Thomas A. E.=, lawyer, Detroit, Mich.; member of the
52d and of the 53d Congress.

=Welsh, John P.=, Congress Square Hotel, Portland, Me.

=Whalen, Maurice H.=, 8 Vetronile Street, Biddeford, Me.

=Whalen, Nicholas J.=, 97 Merrimack Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Willis, John R.=, 1164 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Wilson, William Power=, lawyer, Exchange Building, 53 State Street,
Boston, Mass.

=Winters, Lawrence=, 350 West 120th Street, New York City.

=Woods, John J.=, 54 Federal Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Woods, Robert J.=, treasurer University Settlement, 6 Rollins
Street, Boston, Mass.

=Woods, William S.=, City Solicitor, Taunton, Mass.

=Wright, John B.=, editor of _The Gazette_, Haverhill, Mass.

=Wynne, Peter=, 301 East 105th Street, New York City.

NECROLOGY.

Jeremiah W. Coveney.

Born in Cambridge, Mass., 1840; during Civil War enlisted in 28th
Massachusetts Regiment; was successively commissioned Lieutenant,
Captain, Major, and Lieutenant-Colonel; seriously wounded in 1864, while
Brigade Inspector of the Second Brigade, First Division, Second Corps;
member of the Massachusetts Legislature; surveyor of the port of Boston;
private secretary to Governor Russell; postmaster of Boston; admitted to
the society March 29, 1897; died in Cambridge, Mass., April 29, 1897.

Richard Worsam Meade, 3d.

Born in New York City, 1837; appointed Midshipman Oct 2, 1850; first sea
service in sloop-of-war _Preble_, 1851; warrant as Master and commission
as Lieutenant, 1858; Lieutenant-Commander, 1862; was a Commander in
1870; commissioned Captain in 1880; became a Commodore in 1892, and
Rear-Admiral in 1894; admitted to the society at its organization, Jan.
20, 1897, and chosen President-General of the same, being the first to
hold the office; died in Washington, D. C., May 4, 1897.

Laurence J. Smith.

Born in County Meath, Ireland, 1850; member of City Council, Lowell,
Mass., 1881–86; member Lowell Public Library Board; was made a License
Commissioner of Lowell, 1894; Police Commissioner, 1895; attained the
highest rank in the Foresters of America, having been Supreme Chief
Ranger of the United States; admitted to the society Feb. 27, 1897; died
in Lowell, Mass., Oct. 23, 1897.

Owen A. Galvin.

Born in Boston, Mass., 1852; admitted to the bar, 1876; elected to the
Massachusetts House of Representatives, 1881; a State Senator from
Boston during 1882, 1883, and 1884; candidate for President of the
Senate, 1884; candidate for Mayor of Boston, 1889; was U. S. District
Attorney, 1887–89; admitted to the society July 15, 1897; died in
Boston, Mass., Dec. 18, 1897.

Charles B. Gafney.

Born in Ossipee, N. H., Sept. 17, 1843; enlisted Sept 27, 1862, as
Second Lieutenant of Co. B, 13th New Hampshire Volunteers; promoted to
the rank of First Lieutenant June 1, 1863, and to that of Captain, May
30, 1865; severely wounded in the thigh at Petersburg, June 13, 1864;
served as aid to General Ripley, General McCullom, and General Roulston;
was graduated from the law school at Columbia University, Washington, D.
C., in 1868; was Clerk to the National Senate Committee on Naval Affairs
for eight years; went to Rochester, N. H., in 1871 and formed a law
partnership with Joseph H. Worcester, which firm became Worcester,
Gafney & Snow. Mr. Gafney was private secretary to Hon. Frank Jones
during the latter’s presidency of the Boston & Maine Railroad; in April,
1896, Mr. Gafney was appointed Judge of Probate for Strafford County by
Governor Busiel, to succeed Judge Young; admitted to the society Feb. 9,
1897; died in Rochester, N. H., Jan. 25, 1898.

Hon. John Cochrane.

Descendant of an officer who served under Washington; President of the
N. Y. Society of the Cincinnati, 7 East 62d Street, New York City; from
1857 to 1861 was a Congressman from New York City; was commissioned
Colonel of the First U. S. Chasseurs, June 11, 1861; Brigadier-General
of Volunteers, July 17, 1862; in 1864 was nominated at Cleveland, O.,
for Vice-President of the United States; had previously been
Attorney-General of New York State; admitted to the society on its
organization, Jan. 20, 1897; died in New York City, Oct. 7, 1897.

Andrew Athy.

Born Jan. 1, 1832, in County Galway, Ireland, and came to this country
at the age of sixteen years; located in Worcester, Mass., about 1850;
filled public offices of trust and responsibility in Worcester almost
continuously during more than thirty years. He was first elected to the
Common Council in 1865, and served thirteen years. He represented his
city in the Legislature of 1874 and 1875. He was a member of the Board
of Aldermen from 1881 to 1886, and was a member of the commission to
build the new City Hall, having been elected by the City Council. He ran
for mayor in 1886 as a Democratic candidate, and polled a surprisingly
large vote, and in 1891, 1892, and 1893 he was chairman of the
Democratic City Committee. He was a member of the old Jackson Guards at
the time of disbandment, during the Know-Nothing administration of
Governor Gardner; admitted to the society as a life member, March 5,
1898; died in Worcester, Mass., May 15, 1898.

Capt. John Drum,

the hero of Santiago, was born in Ireland, May 1, 1840. Coming to this
country at an early age, he went to California, and at the outbreak of
the Civil War entered the armies of the Union. At the close of
hostilities he obtained a commission as Lieutenant in the regular army.
He did gallant service in the various Indian wars, especially in the
southwest. In 1894 he was appointed Military Instructor in St. Francis
Xavier’s College, New York City. At the close of the detail he seriously
considered the advisability of retiring from the service, but the
destruction of the battleship _Maine_ put an end to the idea. He
immediately joined his regiment at Fort Sill and subsequently landed on
Cuban soil, where he fell in the gallant charge at Santiago. Captain
Drum has been a member of this society since its inauguration and took a
deep interest in Irish historical matters. He was buried with military
honors in Boston, Sept 3, 1898.

PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SOCIETY.

Since its organization the society has been favored with the following
original papers:—

Thomas Hamilton Murray, editor _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass.:—“The
Irish Bacons who Settled at Dedham, Mass., in 1640,” one of whose
descendants, John Bacon, was killed April 19, 1775, in the fight at
West Cambridge (battle of Lexington).

Hon. John C. Linehan, State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.,
on “The Seizure of the Powder at Fort William and Mary,” by Maj.
John Sullivan and his associates, some of which powder was later
dealt out to the patriots at Bunker Hill.

Edward J. Brandon, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass., a paper on the
“Battle of Lexington, Concord, and Cambridge,” during which he read
a list of Irish names borne by Minute-Men or militia in the battle
of the nineteenth of April, 1775.

Joseph Smith, Secretary of the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass., on
“The Irishman, Ethnologically Considered.”

Dennis Harvey Sheahan, Providence, R. I., ex-Clerk of the Rhode
Island House of Representatives:—“The Need of an Organization such
as the A. I. H. S., and its Scope.”

Thomas Hamilton Murray:—“Matthew Watson, an Irish Settler of
Barrington, R. I., 1722.”

ADDRESSES DELIVERED.

Addresses have been delivered before the society, or at meetings held
under its auspices, by the following:—

Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.
Hon. Hugh J. Carroll, Pawtucket, R. I.
Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.
Charles A. De Courcey, Lawrence, Mass.
Paul B. Du Chaillu, the traveler and author.
Osborne Howes, Boston, Mass.
James Cunningham, Portland, Me.
Robert A. Woods, Boston, Mass.
Gen. James R. O’Beirne, New York City.
John Mackinnon Robertson, London, England.
P. J. Flatley, Boston, Mass.
Rev. John J. McCoy, Chicopee, Mass.
Rev. Edward McSweeney, Bangor, Me.
Rev. P. Farrelly, Central Falls, R. I.
James Jeffrey Roche, Boston, Mass.
Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.
M. J. Harson, Providence, R. I.
Joseph Smith, Lowell, Mass.
Dennis H. Sheahan, Providence, R. I.
Rear-Admiral Belknap, U. S. N. (retired), Boston, Mass.
Hon. Patrick A. Collins, ex-U. S. Consul-General to London.
Judge Wauhope Lynn, New York City.
Capt. Edward O’Meagher Condon, Washington, D. C.
Hon. Thomas Dunn English, Newark, N. J.
Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet, New York City.
E. Benj. Andrews, president of Brown University.
Prof. Alonzo Williams, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
Rev. Arthur J. Teeling, Lynn, Mass.
Rev. T. P. Linehan, Biddeford, Me.
Mayor Tilton, Portsmouth, N. H.
C. H. Clary, Hallowell, Me.
John Griffin, Portsmouth, N. H.
James F. Brennan, Peterborough, N. H.
Rev. James A. Flynn, Biddeford, Me.
Rev. John J. McGinnis, Sanford, Me.
Bernard Corr, Boston, Mass.
Dr. W. D. Collins, Haverhill, Mass.
John F. Doyle, New York City.
W. J. Kelly, Kittery, Me.
Dr. W. H. A. Lyons, Portsmouth, N. H.
James H. McGlinchey, Portland, Me.

INDEX.

Adams, John, Diary of, 40.

American-Irish Historical Society,
By-Laws, 13.
Constitution of, 7.
Executive Council, Duties of, 11.
Historiographer, Duties of, 11.
History of, 96.
Librarian-Archivist, Duties of, 11.
Membership in, 9.
Officers of, 101.
Organization of, 1.
President-General, Duties of, 10.
Secretary-General, Duties of, 10.
Vice-Presidents, Duties of, 10.

Andrews, E. Benjamin, Letter of, 74.

Anglo-Saxons, 82, 87.

Berkely, George, Advent of, in New England, 16.

Bolton, J. Gray, D. D., Letter of, 31.

Brady, Rev. C. T., Letter of, 28.

Brandon, E. J., Address of, 47.

Brown University, Foundation of, 61.
Irish Contributions to, 72.

Burgess, Prof. John W., Works of, 82.

Cargill, Hugh, at Lexington and Concord, 50.
Grave of, 16.

Carroll, Hugh J., Address of, 18.

Cavaliers, Virginia, 71.

Collins, Patrick A., Address of, 76.

Conaty, Rt. Rev. T. J., Letter of, 24.

Crimmins, John D., Reception by, 96.

Cromwell, Policy in Ireland, 15.
Deportation of Irish to Massachusetts Bay, 89.
Settles his soldiers in Ireland, 92.

Custis, G. W. P., Report of, on Irish in Continental Army, 49.

De Courcey, C. A., Address of, 18.

Donahoe, J. P., Letter of, 26.

Du Chaillu, Paul B., Address of, 17.

Emmet, Dr. Thomas Addis, Letter of, 24.
Address of, 81.

English, Dr. Thomas Dunn, Letter of, 29.
Address of, 81.

Field, Darby, Discoverer of the White Mountains, 17.

Fiske, John, Criticism of, 83.
On advent of Scotch-Irish in America, 90.

Flatley, P. J., Address of, 18.

Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, Letter from, 75.

Gargan, Thomas J., Address of, 14.
Address of, 67.

Green, Samuel Swett, Letter of, 26.

Hastings, D. H., Letter of, 21.

History, Some Ways in which, is Falsified, 81.

Hoar, George F., Letter of, 28.

Irishman, The, Ethnologically Considered, 50.

James I and Ulster, 91.

Johnstone, Governor, on Irish Friendship for American Colonists, 49.

Knox, General, in Rhode Island, 60.

Knox, John, Welcomes Irish Emigrants to Scotland, 94.

Lawler, Thomas B., Address of, 62.

Lawless, Joseph T., Work of, 73.

Lee, Henry, on Irish Soldiers in Continental Army, 49.

Linehan, John C., Address of, 17.
Paper of, on John Sullivan, 34.

Lodge, Henry Cabot, Criticism of, 82.

Londonderry, American soldiers from, at Bunker Hill, 88.

Macarty, Charles, Founder of East Greenwich, R. I., 60.

Maccarty, Rev. Mr., and Colonial patriots at Worcester, 50.

McCoy, Rev. John J., Address of, 18.
Letter of, 31.

Meade, Admiral, Letter of, 21.
Letter of, 33.
Death of, 54.

Moseley, E. A., Letter of, 25.
Election of, 62.

Moses, George H., Address of, 18.

Motley, John Lothrop, on Agriculture in England and Scotland, 95.

Murray, Thomas Hamilton, Report of, 20.
Address of, 59.
Paper of, 34.
Report of, 65.

O’Beirne, James R., Address of, 79.

O’Connell, J. D., Address of, 62.

Olneys The, in Rhode Island, 61.

O’Sullivan, John, Arrival of, in Massachusetts, 16.

Petty, Sir W., on Population of Ulster, 92.

Puritan, Mr. Lodge and the, 86.

Robertson, John M., Address of, 68.

Roche, James Jeffrey, Address of, 62.

Roosevelt, Theodore, Letter of, 28.

Ruggles, Henry Stoddard, Letter of, 23.

Scotch-Irish, Myth of, 14.
The so-called, 16.
Thomas J. Gargan on, 68.
Joseph Smith on, 82.
At Bunker Hill, 88.
Among the Minute-Men, 89.
John Fiske on, 90.

Shahan, Rev. T. J., Letter of, 23.

Sheahan, Dennis H., Paper of, 69.

Smith, Joseph, Address of, 17.
Report of, 19.
Paper of, 50.
Address of, 62.
Paper of, 81.

Smith, Judge, Letter of, 23.

Sullivan, James, Degree from Brown University, 60.

Sullivan, John, in Massachusetts, 16.
Capture of powder at Newcastle by, 34.
Elected to Continental Congress, 38.
In Rhode Island, 60.
Capture of William and Mary, 88.

Sullivan, Russell, Descendant of Gen. John Sullivan, 16.

Tavism, Mr. Lodge and, 86.

Temple, Judge, on Covenanter, Cavalier, and Puritan, 89.

Toleration Act for Ireland, 91.

Ulster, Intermarriages in, 91.
Population of, 92.

Walker, Francis A., Letter of, 30.

Walsh, Patrick, Letter of, 27.

Washington, George, and the Irish, 73.
And his army, 88.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Silently corrected typographical errors.
2. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed.
3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.
4. Enclosed bold font in =equals=.

*** End of this LibraryBlog Digital Book "The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society (Vol. I)" ***

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