Title: A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library
Author: Dewey, Melvil, 1851-1931
Language: English
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DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION

CENTENNIAL 1876-1976

Facsimile reprinted

by

Forest Press Division
Lake Placid Educational Foundation

*  *  *

Printed and Bound
Kingsport Press, Inc.
KINGSPORT, TENNESSEE



A

CLASSIFICATION

AND

SUBJECT INDEX

FOR

CATALOGUING AND ARRANGING

THE

BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS

OF A

LIBRARY.

       *       *       *       *       *

AMHERST, MASS.
1876.



COPYRIGHTED

1876

MELVIL DEWEY



PREFACE.


The plan of the following Classification and Index was developed early in
1873. It was the result of several months' study of library economy as
found in some hundreds of books and pamphlets, and in over fifty personal
visits to various American libraries. In this study, the author became
convinced that the usefulness of these libraries might be greatly
increased without additional expenditure. Three years practical use of
the system here explained, leads him to believe that it will accomplish
this result; for with its aid, the catalogues, shelf lists, indexes, and
cross-references essential to this increased usefulness, can be made more
economically than by any other method which he has been able to find.
The system was devised for cataloguing and indexing purposes, but it was
found on trial to be equally valuable for numbering and arranging books
and pamphlets on the shelves.

The library is first divided into nine special libraries which are called
Classes. These Classes are Philosophy, Theology, &c., and are numbered
with the nine digits. Thus Class 9 is the Library of History; Class 7,
the Library of Fine Art; Class 2, the Library of Theology. These special
libraries or Classes are then considered independently, and each one is
separated again into nine special Divisions of the main subject. These
Divisions are numbered from 1 to 9 as were the Classes. Thus 59 is the
9th Division (Zoology) of the 5th Class (Natural Science). A final
division is then made by separating each of these Divisions into nine
Sections which are numbered in the same way, with the nine digits. Thus
513 is the 3d Section (Geometry) of the 1st Division (Mathematics) of the
5th Class (Natural Science). This number, giving Class, Division, and
Section, is called the Classification or Class Number, and is applied to
every book or pamphlet belonging to the library. All the Geometries
are thus numbered 513, all the Mineralogies 549, and so throughout the
library, all the books on any given subject bear the number of that
subject in the scheme. Where a 0 occurs in a class number, it has its
normal zero power. Thus, a book numbered 510, is Class 5, Division 1,
but _no_ Section. This signifies that the book treats of the Division 51
(Mathematics) in general, and is not limited to any one Section, as is
the Geometry, marked 513. If marked 500, it would indicate a treatise on
Science in general, limited to _no_ Division. A zero occurring in the
first place would in the same way show that the book is limited to
_no_ Class. The classification is mainly made by subjects or content
regardless of _form_; but it is found practically useful to make an
additional distinction in these general treatises, according to the form
of treatment adopted. Thus, in Science we have a large number of books
treating of Science in general, and so having a 0 for the Division
number. These books are then divided into Sections, as are those of the
other Classes according to the form they have taken on. We have the
Philosophy and History of Science, Scientific Compends, Dictionaries,
Essays, Periodicals, Societies, Education, and Travels,--all having the
common subject, =NATURAL SCIENCE=, but treating it in these varied forms.
These form distinctions are introduced here because the number of general
works is large, and the numerals allow of this division, without extra
labor for the numbers from 501 to 509 would otherwise be unused. They
apply _only_ to the general treatises, which, without them, would have a
class number ending with two zeros. A Dictionary of Mathematics is 510,
not 503, for every book is assigned to the _most specific head that will
contain it_, so that 503 is limited to Dictionaries or Cyclopedias of
Science _in general_. In the same way a General Cyclopedia or Periodical
treats of no one class, and so is assigned to the Class 0. These books
treating of no special class, but general in their character, are divided
into Cyclopedias, Periodicals, etc. No difficulty is found in following
the arithmetical law and omitting the initial zero, so these numbers are
printed 31, 32, etc., instead of 031, 032, etc.

The selection and arrangement of the thousand headings of the
classification cannot be explained in detail for want of space. In all
the work, philosophical theory and accuracy have been made to yield
to practical usefulness. The impossibility of making a satisfactory
classification of all knowledge as preserved in books, has been
appreciated from the first, and nothing of the kind attempted.
Theoretical harmony and exactness has been repeatedly sacrificed to
the practical requirements of the library or to the convenience of the
department in the college. As in every scheme, many minor subjects have
been put under general heads to which they do not strictly belong. In
some cases these headings have been printed in a distinctive type, e. g.,
429 =Anglo-Saxon=, under =ENGLISH PHILOLOGY=. The rule has been to assign
these subjects to the most nearly allied heads, or where it was thought
they would be most useful. The only alternative was to omit them
altogether. If any such omission occurs, it is unintentional and will be
supplied as soon as discovered. Wherever practicable the heads have been
so arranged that each subject is preceded and followed by the most nearly
allied subjects and thus the greatest convenience is secured both in
the catalogues and on the shelves. Theoretically, the division of every
subject into just nine heads is absurd. Practically, it is desirable that
the classification be as minute as possible without the use of additional
figures, and the decimal principle on which our scheme hinges allows nine
divisions as readily as a less number. This principle has proved
wholly satisfactory in practice though it appears to destroy proper
co-ordination in some places. It has seemed best in our library to use
uniformly three figures in the class number. This enables us to classify
certain subjects very minutely, giving, for example, an entire section to
Chess. But the History of England has only one section, as our scheme
is developed, and thus the two might be said to be co-ordinated. The
apparent difficulty in such cases is entirely obviated by the use of a
fourth figure, giving nine sub-sections to any subject of sufficient
importance to warrant closer classification. In history where the
classification is made wholly by countries, a fourth figure is added to
give a division into _periods_. As the addition of each figure gives a
ten-fold division, any desired degree of minuteness may be secured in the
classing of special subjects. The apparent lack of co-ordination arises
from the fact that only the first three figures of these more important
heads are as yet printed, the fourth figure and the sub-sections being
supplied on the catalogues in manuscript. Should the growth of any of
these sub-sections warrant it, a fifth figure will be added, for the
scheme admits of expansion without limit.

The arrangement of headings has been sometimes modified to secure a
mnemonic aid in numbering and finding books without the Index. For
instance, the scheme is so arranged that China has always the number 1.
In Ancient History, it has the first section, 931: in Modern History,
under Asia, it has 951: in Philology, the Chinese language appears as
491. After the same manner the Indian number is 2; Egyptian, 4; English,
2; German, 3; French, 4; Italian, 5; Spanish, 6; European, 4; Asian, 5;
African, 6; North American, 7; South American, 8; and so for all the
divisions by languages or countries. The Italian 5, for instance, will
be noticed in 35, 55, 450, 755, 850, and 945. This mnemonic principle is
specially prominent in Philology and Literature and their divisions, and
in the _form_ distinctions used in the first 9 sections of each class.
Materials, Methods, or Theory occurring anywhere as a head, bears always
the number 1. Dictionaries and Cyclopedias, 3; Essays, 4; Periodicals, 5;
Associations, Institutions, and Societies, 6; Education, 7; Collections,
9. In the numerous cases where several minor heads have been grouped
together under the head Other, it always bears the number 9. Wherever
practicable, this principle is carried out in sub-dividing the sections.
For instance, the Geology of North America, which bears the number 557 is
sub-divided by adding the _sections_ of 970 (History of North America).
The Geology of Mexico then bears the number 5578: mnemonically, the first
5 is the Science number; the second 5, Geology; the 7, North America; and
the 8, Mexico. Any library attendant or reader after using the scheme a
short time will recognize at a glance, any catalogue or ledger entry,
book or pamphlet, marked 5578 as something on the Geology of Mexico.
Users of the scheme will notice this mnemonic principle in several
hundred places in the classification, and will find it of great practical
utility in numbering and finding books without the aid of Catalogue or
Index, and in determining the character of any book simply from its call
number as recorded on the book, on all its catalogue and cross reference
cards, on the ledger, and in the check box.

In naming the headings, brevity has been secured in many cases at the
sacrifice of exactness. It was thought more important to have short,
familiar titles for the headings than that the names given should express
with fullness and exactness the character of all books catalogued under
them. Many subjects, apparently omitted, will be found in the Index,
assigned, with allied subjects, to a heading which bears the name of the
most important only. Reference to this Subject Index will decide at once
any doubtful points.

In arranging books in the classification, as in filling out the scheme,
practical usefulness has been esteemed the most important thing. The
effort has been to put each book under the subject to the student of
which it would be most useful. The content or the real subject of which
a book treats, and not the form or the accidental wording of the title,
determines its place. Following this rule, a Philosophy of Art is
put with Art, not with Philosophy; a History of Mathematics, with
Mathematics, not with History; for the philosophy and history are simply
the _form_ which these books have taken. The true content or subject is
Art, and Mathematics, and to the student of these subjects they are most
useful. The predominant tendency or obvious purpose of the book, usually
decides its class number at once; still many books treat of two or more
different subjects, and in such cases it is assigned to the place where
it will be most useful, and underneath the class number are written the
numbers of any other subjects on which it also treats. These _Cross
References_ are given both on the plate and the subject card as well
as on the cross reference card. If a book treats of a majority of the
sections of any division, it is given the Division number instead of the
most important Section number with cross references.

Collected works, libraries, etc., are either kept together and assigned
like individual books to the most specific head that will contain them;
or assigned to the most prominent of the various subjects on which they
treat with cross references from the others; or are separated and the
parts classed as independent works. Translations are classed with their
originals.

The Alphabetical Subject Index is designed to guide, both in numbering
and in finding the books. In numbering, the most specific head that will
contain the book having been determined, reference to that head in the
Index will give the class number to which it should be assigned. In
finding books on any given subject, reference to the Index will give the
number under which they are to be sought on the shelves, in the Shelf
Catalogue, or in the Subject Catalogue. The Index gives after each
subject the number of the class to which it is assigned. Most names of
countries, towns, animals, plants, minerals, diseases, &c, have been
omitted, the aim being to furnish an Index of Subjects on which books
are written, and not a Gazetteer or a Dictionary of all the nouns in the
language. Such subjects will be found as special chapters or sections
of books on the subjects given in the Index. The names of individual
subjects of biographies will be found in the Class List of Biography.
Omissions of any of the more general subjects will be supplied when
brought to notice.

In arranging the books on the shelves, the absolute location by shelf and
book number is wholly abandoned, the relative location by class and book
number being one of the most valuable features of the plan. The class
number serves also as the location number and the shelf number in common
use is entirely dispensed with. Accompanying the class number is the
_book_ number, which prevents confusion of different books on the same
subject. Thus the first Geometry catalogued is marked 513-1; the second
513-2, and so on to any extent, the last number showing how many books
the library has on that subject. The books of each section are all
together, and arranged by book numbers, and these sections are also
arranged in simple numerical order throughout the library. The call
number 513-11 signifies not the 11th book on shelf 513; or alcove 5,
range 1, shelf 3, as in most libraries, but signifies the 11th book in
subject 513 or the 11th Geometry belonging to the library. In finding the
book, the printed numbers on the backs are followed, the upper being the
class and the lower the book number. The class is found in its numerical
order among the classes as the shelf is found in the ordinary system: the
book in its numerical order in the class. The shelves are not numbered,
as the increase of different departments, the opening of new rooms, and
any arrangement of classes to bring the books most circulated nearest to
the delivery desk, will bring different class numbers on a given shelf.
New books as received are numbered and put into place, in the same way
that new titles are added to the card catalogue.

The single digit occasionally prefixed to the book number, e.g. the 3 in
421-3-7 is the nearest height in decimeters of books too large to be put
on the regular library shelves, which are only 2-1/2 decimeters apart.
The great mass of the library consists of 2-decimeter books, the size
numbers of which are omitted. Books from 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 decimeters in
height have 3 prefixed to the book number, and are found on the bottom
shelf of each range. The larger sizes are prefixed with 4, 5, &c., and
are found on the special shelves provided, in order to avoid the great
waste of space otherwise occasioned by the relative location. By this use
of the size numbers a close economy of space is secured.

Thus all the books on any given subject are found standing together, and
no additions or changes ever separate them. Not only are all the books on
the subject sought, found together, but the most nearly allied subjects
precede and follow, they in turn being preceded and followed by other
allied subjects as far as practicable. Readers not having access to the
shelves find the short titles arranged in the same order on the Shelf
Catalogue, and the full titles, imprints, cross references, notes, &c.,
on the Subject Catalogue. The uncatalogued pamphlets treating of any
subject bear the same class number and are arranged on the shelves
immediately after the books of each section.

In both the Authors' Catalogue and the Subject Index, brevity has been
studied because of the economy, but more because of the much greater
ease of reference to a short title catalogue. The custom of giving full
titles, etc., under authors, and only references or very brief titles
under subjects, has been reversed. A reader seeking a book of a _known
author_, in the vast majority of cases, wants simply the number by which
to call for it, and can find it much sooner in a brief title catalogue.
In the rare cases where more is needed the class number refers instantly
to all these facts on the cards. On the other hand, a reader
seeking books on a _known subject_, needs the full title, imprint,
cross-references, and notes, to enable him to choose the book best suited
to his wants.

The Subject Catalogue is a full title Shelf List on cards and is for the
use of the public. The Shelf List is a short title Subject Catalogue in
book form, made of separate sheets laced into an Emerson binder, and is
for official use. We thus have without extra labor, both full and short
title Subject Catalogues and Shelf Lists. The public Authors' Catalogue
is a printed volume; the official Authors' Catalogue or Index is on
cards. As a result each of the public Catalogues is checked by an
official Catalogue; each of the card Catalogues by a book Catalogue; each
of the brief title catalogues by a full title catalogue--an advantage
that will be appreciated by all librarians desiring accuracy of
administration and catalogues.

The Arabic numerals can be written and found more quickly, and with
less danger of confusion or mistake, than any other symbols whatever.
Therefore the Roman numerals, capitals and small letters, and similar
symbols usually found in systems of classification are entirely discarded
and by the exclusive use of Arabic numerals in their regular order
throughout the shelves, classifications, indexes, catalogues and records,
there is secured the greatest accuracy, economy, and convenience. This
advantage is specially prominent in comparison with systems where the
name of the author or the title must be written in calling for or
charging books and in making references.

Throughout the catalogues the number of a book shows not only _where_
it is but _what_ it is. On the library accounts the character of each
person's reading is clearly indicated by the numbers charged, and the
minutest statistics of circulation in any subject are made by simply
counting the call slips in the check box, and recording the number
against the class number in the record.

By the use of size numbers the greatest possible economy of space may be
secured, for the size distinction may be made for every inch or even less
if desired, and this without additional labor, as it will be seen that
the size figure, when introduced, requires one less figure in the book
number, and so does not increase the number of digits as would at first
appear.

Parts of sets, and books on the same or allied subjects, are never
separated as they are sure to be, sooner or later, in every library
arranged on the common plan, unless it be frequently re-arranged and
re-catalogued. The great expense of this re-cataloguing makes it
impracticable except for a few very wealthy libraries. In this system
the catalogue and book numbers remain unchanged through all changes of
shelving, buildings, or arrangement. In addition to its own peculiar
merits, this plan has all the advantages of the card catalogue principle
and of the relative location, which have been used and very strongly
approved by prominent libraries.

As in the card catalogue system, there is room for indefinite expansion
without devices or provisions. Space is the only requisite and if the
shelf room is exhausted, the floor space is equally good, except for the
inconvenience of stooping.

Some prominent opponents of classed catalogues have admitted that the
Subject Index, in deciding where to class a book at first, and where to
look for it ever afterwards, has removed their strongest objections.
Certainly it would be impossible to make an Index more cheaply or more
easy of reference, it being a single alphabet, of single words, followed
by single numbers.

These class numbers applied to pamphlets have proved specially
satisfactory. The number is written on the upper left corner and the
pamphlets are arranged either in pamphlet cases with the books on
the same subject or on special shelves divided every decimeter by
perpendicular sections. As each pamphlet is examined when received into
the library, it is the work of a single moment to pencil on it its
class number. There is no expense whatever incurred, and yet the entire
pamphlet resources of the library on any subject can be produced almost
instantly. The immense advantages of this plan over those in common use,
both in economy and usefulness, will be appreciated by every librarian
caring for a pamphlet collection. A catalogue of authors may be made
on slips if desired. The pamphlets themselves are the best Subject
Catalogue.

Though designed wholly for library use, the plan has proved of great
service in preserving newspaper clippings in large envelopes arranged
by class numbers; and more especially in taking the place of the common
note-book and Index Rerum. Slips of uniform size are used with the class
number of the subject written on the corner. Minute alphabetical headings
are used under each class number, the slips being arranged in numerical
order like the Subject Card Catalogue. Clippings and notes arranged in
this way are at all times their own complete index, and have the same
advantages over the common scrap and note-books that the Subject
Catalogue has over the Accessions Book, in looking up the resources of
the library on any given subject. Those who have tried this method are
so enthusiastic in its praise that it seemed worthy of mention in this
place.

The plan was adopted in the Amherst College Library in 1873, and the
work of transferring the entire library to the new catalogue at once
commenced. It was found entirely practicable to make the change
gradually, as means allowed, without interfering in any appreciable
degree with the circulation of the books. The three years trial to which
it has been there subjected has more than justified the claims of its
friends, and it is now printed with the more confidence on this account.
It has been kept in manuscript up to this time, in order that the many
minor details might be subjected to actual trial and modified where
improvement was possible. The labor involved in preparing the
Classification and Index has been wholly beyond the appreciation of any
who have never attempted a similar task. Much valuable aid has been
rendered by specialists in many departments, and nearly every member of
the Faculty has given advice from time to time. Among the many to whom
thanks are due, special mention should be made of Mr. C.A. Cutter, the
librarian of the Boston Athenæum, and Mr. John Fiske, of the Harvard
University library, for valuable suggestions and appreciative criticism.
While these friends are in no way responsible for any remaining
imperfections in the scheme, they should have credit for many
improvements which have been made during these three years of revision.
The essential character of the plan has remained unchanged from the
first. Doubtless other improvements are still possible, and it is hoped
that users of the scheme will call attention to any proposed change in
the naming or arrangement of the headings, or to any omission which
should be supplied in the Subject Index.

Before printing, the plan was submitted to quite a number of librarians
for criticism. Among the hundreds of points raised as to its practical
workings and usefulness there was only one in which it was not shown to
be equal or superior to any other system known. This objection applied
only to the arrangement on the shelves; not at all to the catalogues or
indexes. It was, that in this relative location, a book which this year
stands, e.g., at the end of a certain shelf; may not be on that shelf
at all another year, because of the uneven growth of the parts of the
library. This slight objection inheres in any system where the books
are arranged by _subjects_ rather than by windows, doors, shelves, and
similar non-intellectual distinctions.

In this hurriedly prepared account of his plan, the author has doubtless
failed to meet many objections which may be raised and which he could
easily answer. He would therefore ask the privilege of replying
personally to any such objections, where they arise, believing that it
will be possible to answer, if not all, at least a very large proportion.

In his varied reading, correspondence, and conversation on the subject,
the author doubtless received suggestions and gained ideas which it is
now impossible for him to acknowledge. Perhaps the most fruitful source
of ideas was the _Nuovo Sistema di Catalogo Bibliografico Generale_ of
Natale Battezzati, of Milan. Certainly he is indebted to this system
adopted by the Italian publishers in 1871, though he has copied nothing
from it. The plan of the St. Louis Public School Library, and that of the
Apprentices' Library of New York, which in some respects resemble his
own, were not seen till all the essential features were decided upon,
though not given to the public. In filling the nine classes of the scheme
the inverted Baconian arrangement of the St. Louis Library has been
followed. The author has no desire to claim original invention for any
part of his system where another has been before him, and would most
gladly make specific acknowledgment of every aid and suggestion were
it in his power to do so. With these general explanations and
acknowledgments he submits the scheme, hoping it may prove as useful to
others as it has to himself.

AMHERST COLLEGE LIBRARY,

June 10th, 1876.

       *       *       *       *       *

Those interested will find fuller explanations and remarks in the Library
volume now being printed by the Bureau of Education at Washington.



(GENERAL)
PHILOSOPHY,
THEOLOGY,
SOCIOLOGY,
PHILOLOGY,
NATURAL SCIENCE,
USEFUL ARTS,
FINE ARTS,
LITERATURE,
HISTORY.



DIVISIONS.



(GENERAL)


=  0=
 10  BIBLIOGRAPHY.
 20  BOOK RARITIES.
 30  GENERAL CYCLOPEDIAS.
 40  POLYGRAPHY.
 50  GENERAL PERIODICALS.
 60  GENERAL SOCIETIES.
 70
 80
 90

=100  Philosophy.=
110  METAPHYSICS.
120
130  ANTHROPOLOGY.
140  SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY.
150  MENTAL FACULTIES.
160  LOGIC.
170  ETHICS.
180  ANCIENT PHILOSOPHIES.
190  MODERN PHILOSOPHIES.

=200  Theology.=
210  NATURAL THEOLOGY.
220  BIBLE.
230  DOCTRINAL THEOLOGY.
240  PRACTICAL AND DEVOTIONAL.
250  HOMILETICAL AND PASTORAL.
260  INSTITUTIONS AND MISSIONS.
270  ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.
280  CHRISTIAN SECTS.
290  NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS.

=300  Sociology.=
310  STATISTICS.
320  POLITICAL SCIENCE.
330  POLITICAL ECONOMY.
340  LAW.
350  ADMINISTRATION.
360  ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS.
370  EDUCATION.
380  COMMERCE AND COMMUNICATION.
390  CUSTOMS AND COSTUMES.

=400  Philology.=
410  COMPARATIVE.
420  ENGLISH.
430  GERMAN.
440  FRENCH.
450  ITALIAN.
460  SPANISH.
470  LATIN.
480  GREEK.
490  OTHER LANGUAGES.

=500  Natural Science.=
510  MATHEMATICS.
520  ASTRONOMY.
530  PHYSICS.
540  CHEMISTRY.
550  GEOLOGY.
560  PALEONTOLOGY.
570  BIOLOGY.
580  BOTANY.
590  ZOOLOGY.

=600  Useful Arts.=
610  MEDICINE.
620  ENGINEERING.
630  AGRICULTURE.
640  DOMESTIC ECONOMY.
650  COMMUNICATION AND COMMERCE.
660  CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY.
670  MANUFACTURES.
680  MECHANIC TRADES.
690  BUILDING.

=700  Fine Arts.=
710  LANDSCAPE GARDENING.
720  ARCHITECTURE.
730  SCULPTURE.
740  DRAWING AND DESIGN.
750  PAINTING.
760  ENGRAVING.
770  PHOTOGRAPHY.
780  MUSIC.
790  AMUSEMENTS.

=800  Literature.=
810  TREATISES AND COLLECTIONS.
820  ENGLISH.
830  GERMAN.
840  FRENCH.
850  ITALIAN.
860  SPANISH.
870  LATIN.
880  GREEK.
890  OTHER LANGUAGES.

=900  History.=
910  GEOGRAPHY AND DESCRIPTION.
920  BIOGRAPHY.
930  ANCIENT HISTORY.
940  EUROPE.                     }
950  ASIA.                       }
960  AFRICA.                     } Modern.
970  NORTH AMERICA.              }
980  SOUTH AMERICA.              }
990  OCEANICA AND POLAR REGIONS. }



(GENERAL)


=  0=
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9

= 10 Bibliography.=
 11  General Bibliographies.
 12  Special Forms.
 13    _Manuscripts._
 14    _Anonyms, Pseudonyms, &c._
 15  Special Countries.
 16  Special Subjects.
 17  Subject Catalogues.
 18  Authors' Catalogues.
 19  Library Economy and Reports.

= 20 Book Rarities.=
 21  Manuscripts.
 22  Block Books.
 23  Early Printed.
 24  Celebrated Printers.
 25  Celebrated Binders.
 26  Materials.
 27  Ownership.
 28  Prohibited.
 29  Other.

= 30 General Cyclopedias.=
 31  American.
 32  English.
 33  German.
 34  French.
 35  Italian.
 36  Spanish.
 37  Slavic.
 38  Scandinavian.
 39  Other.

= 40 Polygraphy.=
 41  American.
 42  English.
 43  German.
 44  French.
 45  Italian.
 46  Spanish.
 47  Slavic.
 48  Scandinavian.
 49  Other.

= 50 General Periodicals.=
 51  American.
 52  English.
 53  German.
 54  French.
 55  Italian.
 56  Spanish.
 57  Slavic.
 58  Scandinavian.
 59  Other.

= 60 General Societies.=
 61  American.
 62  English.
 63  German.
 64  French.
 65  Italian.
 66  Spanish.
 67  Slavic.
 68  Scandinavian.
 69  Other.

= 70=
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79

= 80=
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89

= 90=
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99



PHILOSOPHY.


=100  Philosophy.=
101
102  Compends.
103  Dictionaries.
104  Essays.
105  Periodicals.
106  Societies.
107  Education.
108
109  History.

=110  Metaphysics.=
111  Ontology.
112  Methodology.
113  Cosmology.
114
115
116
117
118
119

=120=
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129

=130  Anthropology.=
131  Mental physiology and hygiene.
132  Mental derangements.
133  Delusions, witchcraft, magic.
134  Mesmerism.
135  Sleep, dreams, somnambulism.
136  Sexes.
137  Temperaments.
138  Physiognomy.
139  Phrenology.

=140   Schools of Psychology.=
141  Idealistic.
142  Critical.
143  Intuitive.
144  Empirical.
145  Sensational.
146  Materialistic.
147  Pantheistic.
148  Eclectic.
149  Other.

=150  Mental Faculties.=
151  Intellect.
152  Sense.
153  Understanding.
154  Memory.
155  Reason.
156  Imagination.
157  Susceptibility.
158  Instincts.
159  Will.

=160  Logic.=
161  Inductive.
162  Deductive.
163  Assent.
164
165
166
167
168
169

=170 Ethics.=
171  Theoretical.
172  State.
173  Family.
174  Business.
175  Amusements.
176  Sexual.
177  Social.
178  Temperance.
179  Other.

=180  Ancient Philosophies.=
181  Oriental.
182  Early Greek.
183  Sophistic and Socratic.
184  Platonic.
185  Aristotelian.
186  Pyrrhonist and New Platonist.
187  Epicurean.
188  Stoic.
189  Patristic.

=190  Modern Philosophies.=
191  Scotch and American.
192  English.
193  German.
194  French.
195  Italian.
196  Spanish.
197  Arabian.
198  Scholastic.
199  Other.



THEOLOGY


=200 Theology.=
201  Philosophy.
202  Compends.
203  Dictionaries.
204  Essays.
205  Periodicals.
206  Societies.
207  Education.
208
209  History.

=210 Natural Theology.=
211  Theism and Atheism.
212  Pantheism.
213  Creation.
214  Providence.
215  Religion and science.
216  Evil.
217  Prayer.
218  Future Life.
219

=220 Bible.=
221  Old Testament.
222    _Historical books._
223    _Poetical books._
224    _Prophetical books._
225  New Testament.
226    _Gospels and Acts._
227    _Epistles._
228    _Apocalypse._
229  Apocrypha.

=230 Doctrinal.=
231  God.
232  Christ.
233  Man.
234  Salvation.
235  Angels.
236  Death and resurrection.
237  Future state.
238  Inspiration.
239  Apologetics.

=240 Practical and Devotional.=
241  Didactic.
242  Meditative.
243  Hortatory.
244  Ritual.
245  Hymnology.
246  Public worship.
247  Social worship.
248  Private worship.
249  Religious fiction and anecdote.

=250 Homiletical and Pastoral.=
251  Homiletics.
252  Sermons.
253    _Doctrinal._
254    _Practical._
255    _Religion and Science._
256    _Political._
257    _Ordination._
258    _Expository._
259    _Commemorative._

=260 Institutions and missions.=
261  Church.
262    _Ecclesiastical polity._
263  Sabbath.
264  Baptism.
265  Lord's Supper.
266  Missions.
267    _Foreign._
268  Sunday schools.
269  Revivals.

=270 Ecclesiastical History.=
271  Religious orders.
272  Persecutions.
273  Doctrines.
274  Europe.
275  Asia.
276  Africa.
277  North America.
278  South America.
279  Oceanica.

=280 Christian Sects.=
281  Oriental.
282  Roman Catholic.
283  English and Protestant Episcopal.
284  Presbyterian.
285  Congregational.
286  Baptist.
287  Methodist.
288  Unitarian and Universalist.
289  Other Christian sects.

=290 Non-Christian Religions.=
291  Comparative mythology.
292  Greek and Roman mythology.
293  Norse mythology.
294  Brahmanism and Buddhism.
295  Parseeism.
296  Judaism.
297  Mohammedanism.
298  Mormonism.
299  Other.



SOCIOLOGY.


=300  Sociology.=
301  Philosophy.
302  Compends.
303  Dictionaries.
304  Essays.
305  Periodicals.
306  Societies.
307
308
309  History.

=310  Statistics.=
311  Methods.
312  Progress of population.
313  Progress of civilization.
314  Europe.
315  Asia.
316  Africa.
317  North America.
318  South America.
319  Oceanica.

=320  Political Science.=
321  Patriarchal Institutions.
322  Feudal Institutions.
323  Monarchic Institutions.
324  Republican Institutions.
325  Colonies and Emigration.
326  Slavery.
327  Foreign and Domestic relations.
328  Legislative annals.
329  Political essays and speeches.

=330  Political Economy.=
331  Capital and labor.
332  Banks and money.
333  Stocks, rents, and income.
334  Credit and interest.
335  Communism.
336  Public funds and taxation.
337  Protection and free trade.
338  Production.
339  Pauperism.

=340  Law.=
341  International.
342  Constitutional and administrative.
343  Statute and common.
344  Equity.
345  Criminal.
346  Maritime.
347  Martial.
348  Civil and Canon.
349  Evidence and Forms of practice.

=350  Administration.=
351  Civil Service.
352    _Treasury._
353    _Interior._
354    _Police._
355  Army.
356    _Infantry._
357    _Cavalry._
358    _Artillery._
359  Navy.

=360  Associations and Institutions.=
361  Charitable.
362  Religious.
363  Political.
364  Reformatory and Sanitary.
365  Prisons.
366  Secret Societies.
367  Trades Unions.
368  Insurance.
369  Other.

=370  Education.=
371  Teachers, methods, and discipline.
372  Elementary.
373  Higher.
374  Self-education.
375  Classical and real.
376  Female.
377  Religious and secular.
378  Schools and Colleges.
379  Reports.

=380  Commerce, Communication.=
381  Domestic trade.
382  Foreign trade.
383  Post office.
384  Telegraph.
385  Railroad and express.
386  Canal transportation.
387  River and ocean transportation.
388  City transit.
389  Weights and measures.

=390  Customs and Costumes.
391  Ancient.
392  Medieval.
393  Modern.
394    _Europe._
395    _Asia._
396    _Africa._
397    _North America._
398    _South America._
399    _Oceanica._



PHILOLOGY.


=400 Philology.=
401  Philosophy.
402  Compends.
403  Dictionaries.
404  Essays.
405  Periodicals.
406  Societies.
407  Education.
408  Universal Language.
409  History.

=410 Comparative.=
411  Orthography.
412  Etymology.
413  Dictionaries.
414  Phonology.
415  Grammar.
416  Prosody.
417  Inscriptions.
418  Texts.
419  Hieroglyphics.

=420 English.=
421  Orthography.
422  Etymology.
423  Dictionaries.
424  Synonyms.
425  Grammar.
426  Prosody.
427  Dialects.
428  Texts.
429  Anglo-Saxon.

=430 German.=
431  Orthography.
432  Etymology.
433  Dictionaries.
434  Synonyms.
435  Grammar.
436  Prosody.
437  Dialects.
438  Texts.
439  Dutch and Low German.

=440 French.=
441  Orthography.
442  Etymology.
443  Dictionaries.
444  Synonyms.
445  Grammar.
446  Prosody.
447  Dialects.
448  Texts.
449  Old French, Provençal.

=450 Italian.=
451  Orthography.
452  Etymology.
453  Dictionaries.
454  Synonyms.
455  Grammar.
456  Prosody.
457  Dialects.
458  Texts.
459  Romansh and Wallachian.

=460 Spanish.=
461  Orthography.
462  Etymology.
463  Dictionaries.
464  Synonyms.
465  Grammar.
466  Prosody.
467  Dialects.
468  Texts.
469  Portuguese.

=470 Latin.=
471  Orthography.
472  Etymology.
473  Dictionaries.
474  Synonyms.
475  Grammar.
476  Prosody.
477  Dialects.
478  Texts.
479  Medieval Latin.

=480 Greek.=
481  Orthography.
482  Etymology.
483  Dictionaries.
484  Synonyms.
485  Grammar.
486  Prosody.
487  Dialects.
488  Texts.
489  Modern Greek.

=490 Other Languages.=
491  Chinese.
492  Egyptian.
493  Semitic.
494  Indian.
495  Iranian.
496  Keltic.
497  Slavic.
498  Scandinavian.
499  Other.



NATURAL SCIENCE.


=500 Natural Science.=
501  Philosophy.
502  Compends.
503  Dictionaries.
504  Essays.
505  Periodicals.
506  Societies.
507  Education.
508  Travels.
509  History.

=5l0 Mathematics.=
511  Arithmetic.
512  Algebra.
513  Geometry.
514  Trigonometry.
515  Conic sections.
516  Analytical geometry.
517  Calculus.
518  Quaternions.
519  Probabilities.

=520 Astronomy.=
521  Theoretical.
522  Practical.
523  Descriptive.
524  Maps.
525  Observations.
526  Figure of the earth.
527  Navigation.
528  Almanacs.
529  Chronology.

=530 Physics.=
531  Mechanics.
532  Hydrostatics.
533  Pneumatics.
534  Acoustics.
535  Optics.
536  Heat.
537  Electricity.
538  Magnetism.
539  Molecular physics.

=540 Chemistry.=
541  Theoretical.
542  Experimental.
543  Analysis.
544    _Qualitative._
545    _Quantitative._
546  Inorganic.
547  Organic.
548  Crystallography.
549  Mineralogy.

=550 Geology.=
551  Physical Geography, Meteorology.
552  Lithology.
553  Dynamical geology.
554  Europe.
555  Asia.
556  Africa.
557  North America.
558  South America.
559  Oceanica.

=560 Paleontology.=
561  Plants.
562  Invertebrates.
563    _Protozoa and Radiates._
564    _Mollusca._
565    _Articulates._
566  Vertebrates.
567    _Fishes._
568    _Reptiles and Birds._
569    _Mammals._

=570 Biology.=
571  Prehistoric Archæology.
572  Ethnology.
573  Natural History of Man.
574  Homologies.
575  Evolution.
576  Embryology.
577  Spontaneous generation.
578  Microscopy.
579  Collectors' Manuals.

=580 Botany.=
581  Physiological.
582  Systematic.
583  Ornamental.
584  Europe.
585  Asia.
586  Africa.
587  North America.
588  South America.
589  Oceanica.

=590 Zoology.=
591  Comparative Anatomy.
592  Invertebrates.
593    _Protozoa and Radiates._
594    _Mollusca._
595    _Articulates._
596  Vertebrates.
597    _Fishes._
598    _Reptiles and Birds._
599    _Mammals._



USEFUL ARTS.


=600 Useful Arts.=
601  Philosophy.
602  Compends.
603  Dictionaries.
604  Essays.
605  Periodicals.
606  Societies.
607  Education.
608  Patents.
609  History.

=610 Medicine.=
611  Anatomy.
612  Physiology.
613  Hygiene.
614  Public health.
615  Materia medica and therapeutics.
616  Pathology, theory and practice.
617  Surgery and dentistry.
618  Obstetrics and sexual science.
619  Veterinary medicine.

=620 Engineering.=
621  Mechanical.
622  Topographical.
623  Military.
624  Bridge.
625  Road and railroad.
626  Canal.
627  Harbor.
628  Hydraulic and mining.
629  Instruments and field books.

=630 Agriculture.=
631  Soil and preparation.
632  Pests and hindrances.
633  Productions of the soil.
634  Fruits.
635  Garden.
636  Domestic animals.
637  Dairy.
638  Bees and silkworm.
639  Fishing, trapping.

=640 Domestic Economy.=
641  Cookery.
642  Confectionery.
643  Food and dining.
644  Fuel and lights.
645  Furniture.
646  Clothing and toilet.
647  Servants.
648  Laundry.
649  Nursery and sick-room.

=650 Communication, Commerce.=
651  Writing.
652    _Penmanship._
653    _Short hand._
654  Telegraphy.
655  Printing.
656  Navigation and transportation.
657  Book-keeping.
658  Business manuals.
659  Other.

=660 Chemical Technology.=
661  Chemicals.
662  Pyrotechnics.
663  Wines, liquors, and ales.
664  Sugar, salt, starch, etc.
665  Gas.
666  Glass.
667  Dyeing and bleaching.
668  Assaying.
669  Metallurgy.

=670 Manufactures.=
671  Metals.
672    _Iron._
673  Marble, stone, and brick.
674  Wood.
675  Leather and rubber.
676  Paper.
677  Textile fabrics.
678    _Cotton._
679  Other.

=680 Mechanic Trades.=
681  Watch and instrument-making.
682  Blacksmithing.
683  Lock and gun-making.
684  Carriage and cabinet-making.
685  Saddlery and shoe-making.
686  Book-binding.
687  Clothes-making.
688
689  Other.

=690 Building.=
691  Materials.
692  Plans and specifications.
693  Masonry.
694  Carpentry.
695  Slating and tiling.
696  Plumbing.
697  Warming and ventilation.
698  Painting, glazing, and paper-hanging.
699  Car and Ship-building.



FINE ARTS.


=700 Fine Arts.=
701  Philosophy.
702  Compends.
703  Dictionaries.
704  Essays.
705  Periodicals.
706  Societies.
707  Education.
708  Galleries.
709  History.

=710 Landscape Gardening.=
711  Parks.
712  Private grounds.
713  Walks and drives.
714  Water.
715  Trees and hedges.
716  Plants and flowers.
717  Arbors.
718  Monuments.
719  Cemeteries.

=720 Architecture.=
721  Architectural construction.
722  Ancient and Oriental.
723  Medieval.
724  Modern.
725  Public buildings.
726  Church.
727  School.
728  Domestic and rural.
729  Of special countries.

=730 Sculpture.=
731  Materials and methods.
732  Ancient.
733    _Greek and Roman._
734  Medieval.
735  Modern.
736  Carving.
737  Numismatics.
738  Pottery and bronzes.
739  Collections.

=740 Drawing and Design.=
741  Free-hand.
742  Perspective.
743  Art anatomy.
744  Mathematical drawing.
745  Ornamental design.
746    _Ancient._
747    _Medieval._
748    _Modern._
749  Collections.

=750 Painting.=
751  Materials and methods.
752  Color.
753  Flemish and Dutch Schools.
754  French.
755  Italian.
756  Other schools.
757  Portrait.
758  Landscape.
759  Collections.

=760 Engraving.=
761  Wood.
762  Steel and Copper.
763  Lithography.
764  Chromolithography.
765  Line and Stipple.
766  Mezzotint and Aquatint.
767  Etching.
768  Bank Note and Machine.
769  Collections.

=770 Photography.=
771  Materials.
772  Ambrotype and Daguerreotype.
773  Photograph.
774  Heliotype, Albertype, etc.
775  Photolithography.
776  Stereoscopic.
777  Portrait.
778  Landscape.
779  Collections.

=780 Music.=
781  Theory.
782  Dramatic.
783  Church.
784  Vocal.
785  Instrumental.
786    _Piano and Organ._
787    _Stringed instruments._
788    _Wind instruments._
789  Associations and institutions.

=790 Amusements.=
791  Entertainments.
792    _Theatre._
793  In-door amusements.
794    _Chess._
795    _Other games._
796  Out-door sports.
797    _Boating and ball._
798    _Horsemanship and racing._
799    _Fishing, hunting, shooting._



LITERATURE.


=800 Literature.=
801  Philosophy.
802  Compends.
803  Dictionaries.
804  Essays.
805  Periodicals.
806  Societies.
807
808
809  History.

=810 Treatises and Collections.=
811  Poetry.
812  Drama.
813  Romance.
814  Essays.
815  Rhetoric and oratory.
816  Letters.
817  Satire.
818  Humor.
819  Miscellany.

=820 English Literature.=
821  English Poetry.
822  English Drama.
823  English Romance.
824  English Essays.
825  English Oratory.
826  English Letters.
827  English Satire.
828  English Humor.
829  English Miscellany.

=830 German Literature.=
831  German Poetry.
832  German Drama.
833  German Romance.
834  German Essays.
835  German Oratory.
836  German Letters.
837  German Satire.
838  German Humor.
839  German Miscellany.

=840 French Literature.=
841  French Poetry.
842  French Drama.
843  French Romance.
844  French Essays.
845  French Oratory.
846  French Letters.
847  French Satire.
848  French Humor.
849  French Miscellany.

=850 Italian Literature.=
851  Italian Poetry.
852  Italian Drama.
853  Italian Romance.
854  Italian Essays.
855  Italian Oratory.
856  Italian Letters.
857  Italian Satire.
858  Italian Humor.
859  Italian Miscellany.

=860 Spanish Literature.=
861  Spanish Poetry.
862  Spanish Drama.
863  Spanish Romance.
864  Spanish Essays.
865  Spanish Oratory.
866  Spanish Letters.
867  Spanish Satire.
868  Spanish Humor.
869  Spanish Miscellany.

=870 Latin Literature.=
871  Latin Poetry.
872    _Dramatic._
873    _Epic._
874    _Lyric._
875  Latin Oratory.
876  Latin Letters.
877  Latin Satire.
878  Latin Philosophy.
879  Latin History.

=880 Greek Literature.=
881  Greek Poetry.
882    _Dramatic._
883    _Epic._
884    _Lyric._
885  Greek Oratory.
886  Greek Letters.
887  Greek Humor.
888  Greek Philosophy.
889  Greek History.

=890 Other Languages.=
891  Chinese.
892  Egyptian.
893  Semitic.
894  Indian.
895  Iranian.
896  Keltic.
897  Slavic.
898  Scandinavian.
899  Other.



HISTORY.


=900 History.=
901  Philosophy.
902  Compends, chronology.
903  Dictionaries.
904  Essays.
905  Periodicals.
906  Societies.
907  Education.
908  Charts.
909  Universal Histories.

=910 Geography and Description.=
911  Historical.
912  Ancient.
913  Modern.
914    _Europe._
915    _Asia._
916    _Africa._
917    _North America._
918    _South America._
919    _Oceanica and Polar Regions._

=920 Biography.=
921  Of philosophy.
922  Of theology.
923  Of sociology.
924  Of philology.
925  Of science.
926  Of useful arts.
927  Of fine arts.
928  Of literature.
929  Genealogy and Heraldry.

=930 Ancient History.=
931  Chinese.
932  Egyptian.
933  Jewish.
934  Indian.
935  Persian.
936  Keltic.
937  Roman.
938  Greek.
939  Other.

=940 Europe.=
941  Scotland and Ireland.
942  England.
943  Germany and Austria.
944  France.
945  Italy.
946  Spain and Portugal.
947  Russia.
948  Scandinavia.
949  Other.

=950 Asia.=
951  China.
952  Japan.
953  Arabia.
954  India.
955  Persia.
956  Turkey in Asia.
957  Siberia.
958  Afghanistan.
959  Other.

=960 Africa.=
96l  North Africa.
962    _Egypt and Nubia._
963    _Abyssinia._
964    _Morocco._
965    _Algeria._
966  Central Africa.
967    _Guinea._
968  South Africa.
969  Other.

=970 North America.=
971  British America.
972    _Canada._
973  United States and Territories.
974    _Eastern._
975    _Middle._
976    _Southern._
977    _Western._
978  Mexico.
979  Other.

=980 South America.=
981  Brazil.
982  Argentine Republic.
983  Chili.
984  Bolivia.
985  Peru.
986  New Granada.
987  Venezuela.
988  Guiana.
989  Other.

=990 Oceanica and Polar Regions.=
991  Malaysia.
992    _Sunda._
993  Australasia.
994    _Australia._
995    _New Guinea._
996  Polynesia.
997  Isolated islands.
998  Arctic regions.
999  Antarctic regions.



SUBJECT INDEX.

       *       *       *       *       *

Find the subject in this Alphabetical INDEX. The number following
it is its Class Number. The entire resources of the library
on this subject will be found under this number either in the Subject
Catalogue, the Shelf Catalogue, or on the shelves.

Where a class number ends in a cipher, the subject will be found,
on reference to the prefixed classification, to be subdivided.

       *       *       *       *       *



Abolition 326
Aborigines North America 970
Abortion 618
Abyssinia 963
Abyssinia language 493
Academies 378
Academies of science 506
Accounts 657
Acoustics 534
Acrostics 819, 829, 839, etc.
Acts and Resolves 328
Acts of the Apostles 226
Addresses 815, 825, 835, etc.
Administration 350
Administrative law 342
Admiralty Law 346
Adultery 176, 345
Advent, second 236
Aeronautics 533
Æsthetics 701
Æthiopia 966
Afghanistan 958
Africa---botany 586
  customs and costumes 396
  description 916
  ecclesiastical history 276
  geography 916
  geology 556
  history 960
  statistics 316
  travels 916
Agricultural chemistry 631
Agriculture 630
Air 533
Alabama 976
Alaska 977
Albania 949
Albertypes 774
Albigenses 272, 944
Alchemy 540
Alcoholic liquors 178, 615, 663
Ales 663
Algæ 582
Algebra 512
Algeria 965
Aliens 343
Allegories 819, 829, 839, etc.
Almanacs 528
Almanacs statistical 313
Alphabets 411, 421, 431, etc.
Alphabets ornamental 745-748
Ambassadors 341
Ambrotype 772
America North 970
  botany 587
  customs and costumes 397
  description 917
  ecclesiastical history 277
  geography 917
  geology 557
  history 970
  statistics 317
  travels 917
America South 980
  botany 588
  customs and costumes 398
  description 918
  ecclesiastical history 278
  geography 918
  geology 558
  history 980
  statistics 318
  travels 918
American languages 499
American painting 756
American philosophy 191
American revolution 973
Americanisms 427
Amherst College 378
Amputation 617
Amusements 175, 790
Ana, anagrams 819, 829, 839, etc.
Analysis, chemical 543
Analysis, qualitative 544
Analysis, quantitative 545
Analytical geometry 516
Anatomy, art 743
Anatomy, comparative 591
Anatomy, human 611
Ancient architecture 722
Ancient customs, costumes 391
Ancient design 746
Ancient geography 912
Ancient history 930
Ancient philosophies 180
Ancient sculpture 732
Anecdote, Religious 249
Aneurism 617
Angels 235
Anglican church 283
Angling 799
Anglo-Saxon history 942
Anglo-Saxon language 429
Animal magnetism 134
Animal kingdom 590
Animals, domestic 636
Animalcula 593
Annuities 333
Anonyms 14
Antarctic regions 999
Antarctic regions travels 919
Anthropology 130
Anti-Masonry 366
Antinomianism 234
Antiquities, _see_ subject or country.
Aphorisms 819, 829, 839, etc.
Apocalypse 228
Apocrypha 229
Apologetics 239
Apoplexy 616
Apostles 922
Apostolic church 274-276
Apostolic succession 262
Apothegms 819, 829, 839, etc.
Apparitions 133
Apples 634
Aquariums 590
Aquatint 766
Aqueducts 628
Arabia, ancient history 939
Arabia, modern 953
Arabian language 493
Arabian philosophy 197
Arboriculture 715
Arbors 717
Archæology, prehistoric 571
Archery 799
Architects, lives 927
Architectural drawing 744
Architecture 720
Architecture naval 699
Arctic regions 998
Arctic regions travels 919
Argentine republic 982
Arianism 281, 232
Aristotelian philosophy 185
Arithmetic 511
Arizona 977
Arkansas 976
Armenia 956
Armies 355
Arminianism 287, 234
Armor 355
Art anatomy 743
Art biography 927
Art education 707
Art schools 753-756
Artesian wells 628
Articulates, paleontology 565
Articulates, zoology 595
Artillery 358
Artists' lives 927
Arts, fine 700
Arts, fine biography of 927
Arts, useful 600
Arts, useful biography of 926
Ashantee 967
Ashantee geography 916
Asia 950
  botany 585
  customs and costumes 395
  ecclesiastical history 275
  geography 915
  geology 555
  history 950
  statistics 315
  travels 915
Asia Minor 956
Assassination 345
Assault and battery 345
Assaying 668
Assent 163
Associations 360
Associations musical 789
Assurance 368
Assyria 935
Assyrian language 493
Asthma 616
Astrology 133
Astronomical maps 524
Astronomical observations 525
Astronomy 520
Atheism 211
Athletic sports 796
Atlases 910
Atmosphere 533
Atonement 234
Aurora 537, 551
Australasia 993
Australia 994
Austria 943
Authority 171
Authors' lives 928
Autobiography, _see_ Biography.
Azores 946

=Babylon= 935
Backgammon 795
Baconian philosophy 192
Ball playing 797
Ballads, _see_ Poetry.
Ballooning 533
Banditti 345, 366
Bank Note Engraving 768
Bankrupt laws 343
Banks 332
Baptism 264
Baptists 286
Barbary States 961
Barometer 533, 551
Bas-reliefs 731
Base ball 797
Basque language 499
Basque provinces 946
Baths 613
Bavaria 943
Beauty 701
Beer 663
Bees 638
Beetles 595
Beets 635
Beets sugar 664
Belgium 949
Belles-lettres 800
Bell-ringing 785
Bells 671
Bermudas 971
Bible 220
Bible dictionaries, etc. 220
Bible in schools 377
Bible societies 362
Bibliographies 11
Bibliographies--
  Special countries 15
  Special forms 12
  Special subjects 16
Bibliography 10
Billiards 795
Biography 920
Biology 570
Birds 598
Birds palæontology 568
Births 312
Blacksmithing 682
Bleaching 667
Blindness 616
Block books 22
Blowpipe 543
Blue laws 343
Boating 797
Boats 797, 699
Bokhara 959
Bolivia 984
Bonds and stocks 333
Bones 611
Books 10, 20
Book binding 10, 25, 686
Book collecting 10
Book keeping 657
Book rarities 20
Booksellers' catalogues 17, 18
Boot-making 685, 675
Botany 580
Botany fossil 561
Botany medical 615
Brahmanism 294
Brandy 615, 663
Brazil 981
Breviaries 244
Brewing 663
Bricks 673
Bridge-building 624
Brigands 345, 366
British America 971
British Columbia 972
British India 954
British Museum 369
Britons 942, 941
Bronchitis 616
Bronzes 738
Buccaneers 345, 366
Buddhism 294
Buenos Ayres 982
Building 690
Burial 390, 614, 719
Burmah 954
Business ethics 174
Business manuals 658
Butter 637
Butterflies 595
Byzantine Empire 949

=Cabinet= making 684
Calabria 945
Calculators 511
Calculus 517
Caledonia 941
California 977
Calisthenics 613
Caloric 536
Calvinism 234
Cambists 332
Cambria 942
Cameos 736
Canada 972
Canal engineering 626
Canal transit 386
Canary Isles 946
Cancer 616
Canon law 348
Capital and labor 331
Capital punishment 345
Car-building 699
Card-playing 795
Caribbee Islands 989
Caricatures 741
Carpentry 694
Carriage making 684
Carthage 939
Carving 643
Carving and chasing 736
Cashmere 954
Castille 946
Casts 730
Casuistry 171
Catalogues--Authors 18
Catalogues--Books 12-18
Catalogues--Libraries 12-18
Catalogues--Subjects 17
Catarrh 616
Catechisms 241
Cathedrals 726
Catholic Church 282
Cattle 636
Caucuses 324
Cavalry 357
Caves 551
Celibacy 136, 176
Celtic language 496
Celtic literature 896
Celts 936
Cements 693
Cemeteries 719
Censuses 310
Central Africa 966
Central America 979
Ceramic art 673, 738
Cetacea 599
Ceylon 954
Chaldee language 493
Chances 519
Charades 795
Charitable associations 361
Charts, history 908
Chasing 736
Checkers 795
Cheese 637
Chemical agriculture 631
Chemical analysis 543
Chemical technology 660
Chemicals--manufacture 661
Chemistry 540
Chess 794
Childbirth 618
Chili 983
Chimneys 693
China, ancient 931
China, modern 951
Chinese language 491
Chinese literature 891
Chinese religion 299
Chivalry 322
Chloroform 615, 617, 618
Cholera 616
Christ 232
Christian doctrines 230
Christian fathers 270
Christian institutions 260
Christian sects 280
Christianity, evidences 239
Christianity, history 270-289
Christmas customs 390
Christology 232
Chromolithography 764
Chronologies 902
Chronology 529
Church 261
Church architecture 726
Church of England 283
Church fathers 270
Church history 270-289
Church music 783
Church polity 262
Church of Rome 282
Church and state 261, 172, 329
Circassia 947
Circumnavigations 910
Citizenship 342
City transit 388
Civil engineering 620
Civil law 348
Civil service organs 351
Civil service regulations 351
Civilization--progress 313
Clairvoyance 134
Classical education 375
Classics, Greek 488, 880
Classics, Latin 478, 870
Classification 112
Clergy, lives of 922
Climatology 551, 536
Clinics 610
Clock-making 681
Clothes-making 687
Clothing 646
Clubs 369
Coal 549, 644
Coast survey 622
Coats of arms 929
Cochin China 951
Co-education 376
Coffee 641, 633
Coinage 332
Coins 737
Coleoptera 595
Collections, art 708
  drawing and design 749
  engraving 769
  painting 759
  photography 779
  sculpture 739
Collectors' manuals 579
Colleges 378
Collieries 628
Colombia, S.A. 986
Colonies 325
Color 535
Colors, painting 752
Coloring 667
Comedy, _see_ Drama.
Comets 523
Comic works, _see_ Humor.
Commemorative sermons 259
Commentaries, Bible 220
Commentaries, law 340
Commerce 380
Commercial law 343
Common law 343
Common schools 372
Communication 380, 650
Communion 265
Communism 335
Comparative anatomy 591
Comparative mythology 291
Comparative philology 410
Compass 629, 538, 527
Compends--
  fine arts 702
  history 902
  literature 802
  natural science 502
  philology 402
  philosophy 102
  science 502
  sociology 302
  theology 202
  useful arts 602
Composition 815
Composition of music 781
Comte's philosophy 194, 145
Conchology 594
Concordances of Bible 220
Confectionery 642
Confessional 282
Congregationalism 285
Conic sections 515
Connecticut 974
Conscience 170, 233
Conservatories of music 789
Constitution, English 323
Constitution, United States 324
Constitutional law 342
Construction, architectural 721
Consuls 327
Consumption 616
Contagion 614
Contracts 343
Convents 362, 271
Conversation 177
Cookery 641
Co-operation 331
Copper 671, 549
Copper engraving 762
Coptic language 492
Copyright 343
Corals 593
Corea 959
Corn laws 347, 343
Cornices 721
Coroners 343
Corporal punishment 371
Corporations 360
Correction, houses of 364
Correlation of forces 530
Correspondence 816
Corsica 944
Cosmetics 646
Cosmogony 113
Cosmology 113
Cossacks 947
Costa Rica 979
Costumes 390
Cottages 728
Cotton manufactures 678
Cotton planting 633
Cotton trade 381, 382
Councils 262, 270
Courts martial 347
Cousin's philosophy 194
Covenanters 274, 941
Cows 636, 637
Cranberries 634
Crayoning 741
Creation 213
Credit 334
Creeds 244, 280
Cremation 614, 390
Crete 949
Cricket 796
Crimea 947
Crimes and punishments 345
Criminal law 345
Critical psychology 142
Criticism--literary, _see_ Essays.
Crocheting 793
Croquet 796
Croup 616
Crusades 274, 940
Crustacea 595
Cryptogamia 582
Crystallography 548
Cuba 979
Currency 332
Curvilinear motion 531
Customs and duties 337
Customs and manners 390
Cyclopaedias, general 30

=Daguerreotype= 772
Dairy 637
Dancing 793
Danish 498
Darwinism 575
Deaf and dumb institutions 361
Deafness 616
Death 612
Death and resurrection 236
Death penalty 345
Debates 815
Decimal system 511
Decimal weights & measures 389
Decorative art 745-748
Deductive logic 162
Deism 211
Delaware 975
Delusions 133
Democracy 324
Demonology 133
Denmark 948
Denominations, Christian 280
Dentistry 617
Depravity 233, 216
Derangement, mental 132
Descarte's philosophy 194
Descriptive astronomy 523
Descriptive geometry 744
Design and drawing 740
Design ornamental 745-8
Despotism 321
Detectives 354
Deuteronomy 222
Development theory 575
Devil 235
Devotional theology 240
Dew 551
Dialectics 160
Dialects--
  English 427
  French 447
  German 437
  Greek 487
  Italian 457
  Latin 477
  Spanish 467
Diamonds 552
Dictionaries--
  comparative 413
  English 423
  fine art 703
  French 443
  German 433
  Greek 483
  history 903
  Italian 453
  Latin 473
  literature 803
  natural science 503
  philology 403
  philosophy 103
  science 503
  sociology 303
  Spanish 463
  theology 203
  useful arts 603
Didactic theology 241
Die-making 736
Diet 613
Differential calculus 517
Digestion 612
Digests 343
Dining 643
Diphtheria 616
Diplomacy 327, 341
Diplomatics 10, 21
Directories 910
Discipline, education 371
Diseases 616
Disinfection 614
Dispensatories 615
Dissection 611
Dissenters 289, 283
Distillation 663
District of Columbia 976
Divorce 343, l73
Doctrinal history 273
Doctrinal sermons 253
Doctrinal theology 230
Dogs 599, 636
Domestic animals 636
Domestic architecture 728
Domestic economy 640
Domestic and foreign relations 327
Domestic medicine 615
Domestic trade 381
Domestic worship 248
Dominos 795
Drainage 631, 614
Drama, general treatises 812
Drama, English 822
Drama, French 842
Drama, German 832
Drama, Greek 882
Drama, Italian 852
Drama, Latin 872
Drama, Spanish 862
Dramatic amusements 792
Dramatic music 782
Draughts 795
Drawing 740
Drawing-books 741
Dreams 135
Dress 646
Dress making 646
Drives 713
Driving 798
Drugs 615
Druids 299
Duelling 177, 345, 392
Dutch language 439
Dutch painting 753
Dutch Reformed Church 289
Dutch Republic 949
Duties 170
Duties and customs 337
Dyeing 667
Dynamical electricity 537
Dynamical geology 553
Dynamics 531
Dysentery 616
Dyspepsia 616

=Ear= diseases 616
Early Greek philosophy 182
Earth 551
Earth figure of 526
Earthquakes 553
East Indies 954
Easter 244
Eastern church 281
Eastern States 974
Ecclesiastical history 270
Ecclesiastical polity 262
Echinoderms 593
Eclectic medicine 616
Eclectic psychology 148
Eclipses 523
Economy, domestic 640
Economy, political 330
Ecuador 989
Education 370
Education fine arts 707
Education history 907
Education natural sciences 507
Education philology 407
Education philosophy 107
Education science 507
Education theology 207
Education useful arts 607
Educational institutions 378
Educational reports 379
Egypt, ancient 932
Egypt, modern 962
Egyptian language 492
Egyptian literature 892
Election sermons 256
Elections 324
Electricity 537
Electro-magnetism 538
Eleemosynary institutions 361
Elementary education 372
Elgin marbles 733
Elocution 815
Emancipation 326
Embalming 390
Embargo 346, 341
Emblems 219
Embryology 576
Emigration 325
Empirical psychology 144
Enamel painting 751
Encaustic painting 751
Encyclopædias, general 30
Engineering 620
Engineering instruments 629
England, history 942
English church 283
English dialects 427
English dictionaries 423
English etymology 422
English government 323
English grammar 425
English language 420
English literature 820
English orthography 421
English painting 756
English philology 420
English philosophy 192
English prosody 426
English sculpture 735
English synonyms 424
English texts 428
Engraving 760
Enigmas 819, 829, 839, etc.
Entertainments 791
Enthusiasm 137
Entomology 595
Entozoa 595
Epics 811, 821, 831, etc.
Epics Greek 883
Epics Latin 873
Epicurean philosophy 187
Epidemics 614
Epigrams 819, 829, 839, etc.
Episcopal church 283
Epistles, Bible 227
Epistolography 816, 826, etc.
Epitaphs 929
Equador 989
Equestrian exercise 798
Equipments of armies 355
Equipments of navies 359
Equity 344
Eschatology 236
Esquimaux 979, 998
Essays, English literature 824
Essays, fine arts 704
Essays, French 844
Essays, general treatises 814
Essays, German 834
Essays, history 904
Essays, Italian 854
Essays, literature 804
Essays, natural science 504
Essays, philology 404
Essays, philosophy 104
Essays, political 329
Essays, science 504
Essays, sociology 304
Essays, Spanish 864
Essays, theology 204
Essays, useful arts 604
Etching 767
Etherization 617
Ethics 170
Ethiopia 966
Ethnography 390
Ethnology 572
Etiquette 177
Etruria 937
Etymologies, comparative 412
Etymologies, English 422
Etymologies, French 442
Etymologies, German 432
Etymologies, Greek 482
Etymologies, Italian 452
Etymologies, Latin 472
Etymologies, Spanish 462
Eucharist 265
Eulogies 920, 259
Europe--botany 584
  customs and costumes 394
  ecclesiastical history 274
  geography 914
  geology 554
  history 940
  statistics 314
  travels 914
Evidence (law) 349
Evidences of Christianity 239
Evil 216
Evolution 575
Exchange 332
Excise 336
Exegesis 220
Exhibitions, art 708
Exodus 222
Experimental Chemistry 542
Explorations 910
Expository sermons 258
Express companies 385
Eye, diseases 616
Eye, functions 612

=Fables= 819, 829, 839, etc.
Facetiæ 819, 829, 839, etc.
Fairy tales 813, 823, 833 etc.
Faith 234, 163
Family 173
Family medicines 616
Family worship 247
Fanaticism 133
Farces 828, 838, etc., 791
Farming 630
Farriery 682
Fashion 177
Fasts 244
Fatalism 159
Fathers of the church 270
Fauna 590
Feasts 244
Federalism 324
Female education 376
Female seminaries 378
Fencing 796
Ferns 582
Fetichism 299
Feudal institutions 322
Fevers 616
Fiction, _see_ Romance.
Field books, engineering 629
Field sports 796-799
Figure of the earth 526
Filibusters 363, 345, 978
Final causes 113
Finances 330
Fine arts 700
  biography of 927
Finland 947
Finno-Hungarian language 499
Fire arms 355, 683
Fire departments 369
Fire engines 621
Fire insurance 368
Fire works 662
Fishes 597
Fishes palæontology 567
Fisheries 639
Fishing 799
Flags 929
Flanders 949
Flax 633, 677
Flemish painting 753
Flies 595
Flora 584-589
Florence 945
Florida 976
Flower garden 716, 583
Flowers 580
Fluxions 517
Folk-lore 291-293
Food 643
Foreign missions 267
Foreign relations 327
Foreign trade 382
Forgery 345
Form book 349
Fortification 623
Fortune-telling 133
Fossils 560
Founderies 671
Foundling hospitals 361
Fountains 714
Fowling 799
Fowls 636
Fractures 617
France 944
Franchise 324
Franciscans 271
Franconia 943
Franco-Prussian war 943, 944
Free-hand drawing 741
Freemasonry 366
Free trade 337
Freewill 159
French language 440
French language old 449
French literature 840
French painting 754
French philosophy 194
French revolution 944
French sculpture 735
Fresco painting 751
Friction 531
Friends, Society of 289
Friendship 157
Fruit culture 634
Fuel 644
Funds and funding 336
Funeral sermons 259
Funerals 390
Furniture 645
Future life 218
Future state 237

=Galleries= of art 708
  drawing and design 749
  engraving 769
  painting 759
  photography 779
  sculpture, etc. 739
Galvanism 537
Gambling 175
Game laws 345
Games 793-7
Gardening 635
Gardening Landscape 710
Gas-fitting 696
Gas lighting 665, 644
Gas making 665
Gastronomy 641
Gauging 389
Gazetteers 910
Gem engraving 736
Gems 549
Genealogy 929
Generation, Spontaneous 577
Genesis 222
Genoa 945
Geodesy 526
Geography 910
Geography Africa 916
Geography ancient 912
Geography Asia 915
Geography Europe 914
Geography historical 911
Geography modern 913
Geography N. America 917
Geography physical 551
Geography S. America 918
Geography travels 910
Geology 550
Geology dynamical 553
Geometry 513
Geometry analytical 516
Georgia 959, 976
German language 430
German language low 439
German literature 830
German painting 753
German philosophy 193
German Reformed Church 289
Germany 943
Ghosts 133
Gipsies 949
Girondists 363, 944
Glaciers 553
Glass 666
Glass painting 751
Glazing 698
Glees 784
Globes, use of 522
Glossaries 413, 423, 433, etc.
Gloves 646, 675, 677
Gnostics 281
God 231
Gold 549, 671
Goniometry 514
Good-Friday 244
Gospels 226
Gothic architecture 723
Goths 943
Gout 616
Government 320
Grace 234
Grafting 634
Grains 633
Grammars, comparative 415
Grammars, English 425
Grammars, French 445
Grammars, German 435
Grammars, Greek 485
Grammars, Italian 455
Grammars, Latin 475
Grammars, Spanish 465
Granada 946
Granges 363
Grape culture 634
Grasses 633
Grasses ornamental 716, 583
Grave-stones 718
Grave-yards 719
Gravitation 531
Great Britain 941, 942
Greece, ancient 938
Greece, modern 949
Greek architecture 722
Greek church 281
Greek commentaries 488
Greek language 480
Greek literature 880
Greek modern 489
Greek mythology 292
Greek philosophy 180, 888
Greek sculpture 733
Greek texts with notes 488
Greek texts without notes 880
Greek translations 880
Greenhouses 583, 635
Greenland 998
Grounds, private 712
Groves 715
Guatemala 979
Guiana 988
Guide books 910
Guillotine 345
Guinea 967
Gun cotton 355, 662
Gunnery 355
Gunpowder 355, 662
Gunsmithery 683
Gutta percha 679
Gymnastics 613
Gypsies 949

=Habeas= corpus 343
Hamiltonian philosophy 192
Harbors 627
Harmony, music 781
Harmony of gospels 226
Harness-making 685
Harpsichord 787
Hasheesh 615
Hats 646
Health 613
Health public 614
Heart diseases 616
Heat 536
Heathen religions 290
Heating 697
Heaven 237
Hebrew history 933
Hebrew language 493
Hedges 715
Hegelian philosophy 193
Heliotypes 774
Hell 237
Heraclitic philosophy 182
Heraldry 929
Herbariums 582
Hermaphrodites 590, 612
Hermeneutics 220
Herpetology 598
Hieroglyphics 419
Higher education 373
Highwaymen 345
Histology 611
Historical books of Bible 222
Historical charts and tables 908
Historical geography 911
Historical societies 906
History 900
  ancient 930-939
  biography of 928
  ecclesiastical 270
  fine arts 709
  geography 910
  in Greek 889
  in Latin 879
  literature 809
  modern 940-999
  natural sciences 509
  philology 409
  philosophy 109
  philosophy of 901
  science 509
  sociology 309
  theology 209
  universal 909
  useful arts 609
Histrionics 792
Holy Land 933, 956
Home education 371, 374
Home missions 266
Homicide 345
Homiletics 251
Homoeopathy 615
Homologies 574
Honey 638
Horse 636, 599, 357, 619
Horse-racing 798
Horse-riding 798
Horse-shoeing 682
Horsemanship 798
Hortatory theology 243
Horticulture 635
Hospitals 361
Hotels 390
Hothouses 583, 635
House-keeping 640
Housewifery 640
Huguenots 289, 944
Human anatomy 611
Humane societies 361
Humor 818
  English 828
  French 848
  German 838
  Greek 887
  Italian 858
  Spanish 868
Hunting 799
Hurricanes 533
Husbandry 630
Hybridism 590
Hydraulic engineering 628
Hydraulics 532
Hydrodynamics 532
Hydrography 551, 627, 527
Hydromechanics 532
Hydropathy 615
Hydrophobia 614, 616
Hydrostatics 532
Hygiene 613
Hygiene mental 131
Hymnology 245
Hypochondria 132, 616

=Icebergs= 553
Iceland 948
Icelandic language 498
Ichnology 560
Ichthyology 597
Iconography 730
Idealistic psychology 141
Idiocy 132
Idolatry 290
Illumination 745
Imagination 156
Immersion 264, 286
Immigration 325
Immortality 218, 237
Imprisonment for debt 345
Incarnation 232
Income 333
Incunabula 23
India, ancient history 934
India, modern history 954
Indian language 494
Indian literature 894
Indiana 977
Indians, American 970
Indians, American language 499
India-rubber 675
Indoor amusements 793
Induction 161
Inductive logic 161
Industrial drawing 744
Industrial schools 607
Inebriate institutions 364
Infanticide 173, 345
Infantry 356
Infidelity 211
Inoculation 614, 615
Inorganic chemistry 546
Inquisition 272
Insane Hospitals 361
Insanity 132
Inscriptions 417
Insects 595
Inspiration 238
Instincts 158
Institute of France 64
Institutions 360
Institutions educational 378
Institutions Feudal 322
Institutions Monarchic 323
Institutions Musical 789
Institutions of religion 260
Institutions Patriarchal 321
Institutions Republican 324
Instruction 371
Instrumental music 785
Instruments, engineering 629
Instruments, making 681
Insurance companies 368
Integral calculus 517
Intellect 151
Intellectual philosophy 140-150
Intemperance 178
Intercommunication 380, 650
Interest 334
Interest tables 658
Interior, administration 353
Intermarriage 136, 618
Intermediate state 237
Interments 614, 390
International exhibitions 600
International law 341
Intolerance 272
Intuitive psychology 143
Inventions 608
Invertebrates 592
Invertebrates paleontology 562
Ionian Islands 949
Ionic philosophy 182
Iowa 977
Iranian languages 495
Iranian literature 895
Ireland 941
Irish church 283
Irish language 496
Iron, bridges 624
Iron, manufacture 672
Iron, mineral 549, 669
Iron-clad ships 359, 699
Irrigation 631
Italian language 450
Italian literature 850
Italian painting 755
Italian philosophy 195
Italian sculpture 734, 735
Italy 945

=Jacobins= 363, 944
Jamaica 979
Jansenism 282
Japan 952
Japanese language 499
Japanning 698
Java 992
Jests 819, 829, 839, etc.
Jesuit missions 266, 282
Jesuits 271, 282
Jesus 232
Jewelry 646, 671
Jews, history 933
John 226
Joinery 694
Journalism 50
Judaism 296
Judgment and future state 237
Junius letters 329
Jurisprudence 340
Jury 342
Justification 234

=Kafirs= 968
Kaleidoscope 536
Kansas 977
Kant's philosophy 193, 142
Keltic, ancient history 936
Keltic, language 496
Keltic, literature 896
Kentucky 976
Kindergarten 372
Kinematics 531
Kitchen 641
Knighthood 322
Koran 297

=Labor= 331
Laboring classes 331
Labrador 972
Lace-making 677
Lakes, artificial 714
Land surveying 622
Landlord and tenant 333
Landscape gardening 710
Landscape painting 758
Landscape photographs 778
Language 400
Lapland 947, 948
Latin commentaries 488
Latin language 470
Latin literary history 470
Latin literature 870
Latin medieval 479
Latin texts, with notes 488
Latin texts, without notes 870
Latin translations 870
Laundry 648
Law 340
Law of nations 341
Lawns 712
Lawyers' lives 923
Lead 549, 671
Leather 675
Lectures 815, 825, 835, etc.
Legends 291-293
Legerdemain 133
Legislation 343, 328
Legislative annals 328
Legitimacy 343
Lent 244
Lepidoptera 595
Letter writing 816
Letters 816
Letters--
  English 826
  French 846
  German 836
  Greek 886
  Italian 856
  Latin 876
  Spanish 866
Levant 956, 962
Levelling 622
Leviticus 222
Lexicons 413, 423, 433, etc.
Libel 345
Liberty 324
Liberty of press 324
Libraries 19
Library catalogues 17, 18
Library economy 19
Library history and reports 19
Lichens 582
Life, future 218, 237
Life insurance 368
Light 535
Light-houses 656, 627
Lightning 537
Lights and fuel 644
Line engraving 765
Linguistics 400
Liquors 663
Litany 244
Literary criticism 824, 834, 844, etc.
  miscellany 819
  English 829
  French 849
  German 839
  Italian 859
  Spanish 869
  property 343
Literature 800
Literature, biography of 928
Literature, classical 870, 880, 488-498
Literature, treatises 810
Lithography 763
Lithology 552
Liturgies 444
Locke 192, 145
Locks and keys 683
Locomotives 621
Logarithms 514
Logarithms tables 514
Logic 160
Longevity 312
Lord's Supper 265
Lorraine 943, 944
Lotteries 175
Louisiana 976
Low countries 949
Low Dutch 439
Luke 226
Lunacy 132
Lunatic asylums 361
Lung diseases 616
Lutherans 289
Lyric poetry 811, 821, 831, etc.
Lyric poetry Greek 884
Lyric poetry Latin 874

=Macaronics= 819, 829, etc.
Machine engraving 768
Machinery 621
Madagascar 969
Madness 132
Magazines 50, 105, 205, etc.
Magic 133
Magnetism 538
Magnetism, animal 134
Magyars 943
Mahometanism 297
Mails 383
Maine 974
Malaria 614
Malayan language 499
Malaysia 991
Malt 663
Malta 949
Mamelukes 962
Mammalia 599
Mammalia, palaeontology 569
Man, doctrine of 233
Man, ethnography 390
Man, natural history of 573
Maniacs 132
Manners and customs 390
Manuals, collectors' 579
Manufactures 670
Manures 631
Manuscripts 13, 21
Maps 910
Maps, astronomical 524
Marble manufacture 673
Marbles 731
Marine architecture 699
Marine insurance 368
Marine law 346
Marriage, customs 390
Marriage, ethics 173
Maritime law 346
Mark 226
Martial law 347
Martyrs 272
Maryland 976
Mason & Dixon's line 326
Masonry 693
Masonry, Free 366
Massachusetts 974
Materia medica 615
Materialist 146
Materials, building 691
Maternity 136, 618
Mathematical drawing 744
Mathematical instruments 629
Mathematical tables 514
Mathematics 510
Matthew 226
Mausoleums 718
Maxims 819, 829, 839, etc.
Measles 616
Measures and weights 389
Mechanical drawing 744
Mechanical engineering 621
Mechanical trades 680
Mechanics 531
Mechanics' associations 606
Medals 737
Mediæval architecture 723
Mediæval customs, costumes 392
Mediæval design 747
Mediæval history _with modern_
Mediæval Latin 479
Mediæval sculpture 734
Medical botany 615
Medical jurisprudence 343
Medicine 610
Medicine, veterinary 619
Meditations, theology 242
Melodeons 786
Melody 781
Memoirs 920
Memory 154
Mensuration 612
Mental derangement 132
Mental faculties 150
Mental hygiene 131
Mental philosophy 140-150
Mental physiology 131
Mesmerism 134
Messiah 232
Metal manufactures 671
Metallurgy 669
Metaphysics 110
Meteorology 551
Methodism 287
Methodology 112
Methods of education 371
Metric system 389
Metrology 389
Mexican war 973, 978
Mexico 978
Mezzotint 776
Michigan 977
Microscopy 578
Middle ages, history, _see_ special countries.
Middle States 975
Midwifery 618
Military and naval arts 355-359
  engineering 623
  law 347
  science 355
Militia 355
Milk 637
Millennium 236
Millinery 646
Mills, cot., woolen, etc. 677, 678
  paper 676
Mill-work 621
Mind 150
Mineral waters 615
Mineralogy 549
Mines, mining, engineering 628
Miniatures 757
Ministers 250
Ministers lives 922
Minnesota 977
Minstrelsy 811, 821, 831, etc.
Miracles 231
Miscellany, literary 819
  English 829
  French 849
  German 839
  Italian 859
  Spanish 869
Missions 266
Missions, foreign 267
Mississippi 976
Missouri 977
Mnemonics 154
Modeling 731
Modern architecture 724
Modern costumes, customs 393-399
Modern designs 748
Modern geography 9l3-9l9
Modern Greek 489
Modern history 940-999
Modern philosophy 190
Modern sculpture 735
Mohammedanism 297
Molecular physics 539
Mollusca 594
  paleontology 564
Monarchic institutions 323
Monasteries 271
Monastic orders 271
Money 332
Mongolian language 499
Monitors, iron-clads 359, 699
Monograms 745-748
Monopolies 331
Montana 977
Monuments 718
Moon 523
Moral philosophy 170
Moravians 289
Moravian missions 266
Morea 949
Mortar 693
Mortality 312
Mortgages 343
Mormonism 298
Morocco 964
Morphology 581
Mosaic painting 751
Moslems 297
Mosquitia 979
Mosses 582
Mothers 173
Moths 595, 646
Mouldings 721
Municipal government 342
Mutual aid societies 361
Music 780
Musical composition 781
Musicians 927
Mysteries 133
Mysticism 289
Mythology, comparative 291
Mythology, Greek & Roman 292
Mythology, Norse 293

=Names= 929
Narcotics 615
National costumes 390
National customs 390
Natural history 550-590
Natural philosophy 530
Natural science 500
Natural selection 575
Natural theology 210
Naturalization 343, 325
Nature 500
Naval architecture 699
Naval science 359
Navies 359
Navigation 527, 656
Navigation laws 346
Nebraska 977
Necromancers 133
Needle-work 646, 793
Negroes 573, 326
Nepotism 323
Nestorians 281
Netherlands 949
Neuroptera 595
Neutrals 341
Nevada 977
New Brunswick 972
New England 974
New Granada 986
New Guinea 995
New Hampshire 974
New Jersey 975
New Mexico 977
New Platonists, philosophy 186
New Testament 225
New York 975
Newfoundland 971
Newspapers 50
Nicaragua 979
Nobility 322
Non-Christian religions 290
Normal schools 371
Norman conquest 942-946
Normandy 944
Norse 498
North Africa 961
North America 970
North America botany 578
North America customs & costumes 397
North America ecclesiastical history 277
North America, geography 917
North America, geology 557
North America, history 970
North America, statistics 317
North America, travels 917
North Carolina 976
Northmen 948
Norway 948
Nosology 616
Nova Scotia 972
Novels 813
  English 823
  French 843
  German 833
  Italian 853
  Spanish 863
Nubia 962
Numbers, book of 222
Numismatics 374
Nunneries 362
Nursery 649

=Object teaching= 371
Observations, astronomical 525
Obstetrics 618
Ocean transportation 387, 656
Oceanica 990
  botany 589
  customs and costumes 399
  ecclesiastical history 279
  geography 919
  geology 559
  history 990
  statistics 319
  travels 919
Odd Fellows 366
Odontology 611, 617
Ohio 977
Old French 449
Old Testament 221
Oil manufacture 664
Oil painting 751
Ontology 111
Operas 782
Opium 615
Optics 535
Oracles 133
Oratorios 783
Oratory 815
  English 825
  French 845
  German 835
  Greek 885
  Italian 855
  Latin 875
  political 329
  sacred 251
  Spanish 865
Orchards 634
Orders of architecture 722-724
Ordination sermons 257
Ordnance 355, 683
Oregon 977
Organ 786
Organic chemistry 547
Organic remains 562
Oriental architecture 722
Oriental church 281
Oriental languages 490
Oriental philosophy 181
Origin of language 400
Ornamental botany 583
Ornamental design 745
Ornamental work 745
Ornithology 598
Orphans 361
Orthoepy 411, 421, 431, etc.
Orthography, comparative 411
  English 421
  French 441
  German 431
  Greek 481
  Italian 451
  Latin 471
  Spanish 461
Ottoman empire 949, 956
Out-door sports 796-799
Oxford University 378
Oysters 594, 641

=Paganism= 290
Painters' lives 927
Painting 750, 698
Palæontology 560
Palestine 956
Pantheism 212
Pantheistic psychology 147
Papacy 282
Paper-hanging 698
Paper manufacture 676
Paper money 332
Papua 995
Paraguay 989
Parchment 10
Parent and child 173
Parish law 343
Parks, public 711
Parliament 324
Parliamentary law 348
Parrots 598
Parseeism 295
Partnership 343
Parturition 618
Passions 157
Pastoral theology 250
Patagonia 989
Patents 608
Pathology 616
Patriarchal institutions 321
Patriotism 172
Patristic philosophy 189
Patronage 177
Pauperism 339
Pawnbroking 334
Peace and war 172
Pears 634
Peat 644
Pedobaptism 264
Peerage 322
Peloponnesus 938, 949
Penal law 345
Penance 244
Peninsular war 946
Penitentiaries 365
Penmanship 652
Pennsylvania 975
Pentateuch 222
Perception 152
Perfectionists 289
Perfumery 660, 646
Periodicals, _see_ special subjects.
  fine arts 705
  general 50
  history 905
  literature 805
  natural science 505
  philology 405
  philosophy 105
  science 505
  sociology 305
  theology 205
  useful arts 605
Perpetual motion 531
Persecutions 272
Persia, ancient history 935
Persia, modern history 955
Persian language 495
Personal liberty 342
Personal property 342
Personal rights 342
Perspective 742
Peru 985
Pests, agricultural 632
Petrifaction 560
Petroleum 549, 665
Pharmacopoeias 615
Pharmacy 615
Phi Beta Kappa 366
Philology 400
  biography of 924
Philosophy 100
Philosophy ancient 180
  biography of 921
  Greek 180, 888
  Latin 878
  mental 150
  modern 190
  moral 170
  natural 530
  of art 701
  history 901
  language 401
  literature 801
  science 501
  sociology 301
  religion 201
  useful arts 601
Phoenicia 939
Phoenician language 493
Phonetic short-hand 653
Phonetic spelling 421
Phonography 653
Phonology 414
Photographic chemistry 771
Photographs 773
Photography 770
Photo-lithography 775
Phrase-books, _see_ Language.
Phrenology 139
Phthisis 616
Physical education 613
Physical geography 551
Physics 530
Physics molecular 539
Physiognomy 138
Physiography 551
Physiology 612
Physiology comparative 591
Physiology, mental 131
Physiology, vegetable 581
Piano-forte 786
Picture galleries 759
Piedmont 945
Pig 636
Piracy 345
Pisciculture 639
Plague 616, 614
Planets 523
Plans for building 692
Plants 580
  landscape gardening 716
  paleontology 561
Platonic philosophy 184
Platonists, new 186
Playing cards 795
Plays, _see_ Drama 812, 792
Pleading 349
Plumbing 696
Plurality of worlds 521
Pneumatics 533
Pneumatology 150
Poetical books of Bible 223
Poetry 811
  English 821
  French 841
  German 831
  Greek 881
  Italian 851
  Latin 871
  Spanish 861
Poets, lives 928
Poisons 615
Poland 949
Polar Regions, geography 919
Polar seas 998, 999
Police 354
Polish language 497
Politeness 177
Political associations 363
Political economy 330
Political essays 329
Political institutions 363
Political science 320
Political sermons 256
Political speeches 329
Polity, ecclesiastical 262
Polygamy 173, 345
Polygraphy 40
Polynesia, botany 589
  customs and costumes 399
  ecclesiastical history 279
  geography 919
  geology 559
  history 996
  languages 499
  statistics 319
  travels 919
Polyps 593
Polytheism 290
Pomology 634
Ponds, artificial 714
Poor 339
Poor laws 343
Popery 282
Population 312
Porcelain 738
Portrait painting 757
Portraits, photographs 777
Portugal 946
Portuguese language 469
Portuguese literature 860
Positivism 146
Postage-stamps 383
Post-offices 383
Potato 635
Pottery 673
Pottery manufacture 673
Poultry 636
Powder 662, 355
Practical astronomy 522
Practical theology 240
Practical sermons 254
Practice of medicine 615
Prayer 217
Prayer-meetings 247
Preaching and preachers 250
Precedents 343
Precious metals 549
Predestination 231
Pregnancy 618
Pre-historic archæology 571
Presbyterians 284
Prescriptions 615
Press, liberty of 324
Primeval man 571
Primitive Christianity 270
Primogeniture 322
Printing 655
Prints 769
Prison associations 365
Prisons 365
Private grounds 712
Private worship 248
Privateers 341
Probabilities 519
Production 338
Productions of the soil 633
Progress of civilization 312
Progress of population 313
Prohibited books 28
Prohibition 178
Projectiles 358, 531
Projection 744
Promissory notes 343
Pronunciation, 411, 421, 431, etc.
Property 331
Property law 342, 343
Property tax 336
Prophecy 231
Prophetical books of Bible 224
Prose composition, Greek 485
Prose composition, Latin 475
Prosody, comparative 416
  English 426
  French 446
  German 436
  Greek 486
  Italian 456
  Latin 476
  Spanish 466
Prostitution 618, 176
Protection 337
Protestant episcopal 283
Protestantism 283-289
Protestantism and Romanism 282
Protoplasm 576
Protozoa 593
  paleontology 563
Provençal language 449
Proverbs, and quotations 819
Proverbs, Bible 223
Providence 2l4
Provincialisms 427, 437, etc.
Pruning 634, 715
Prussia 943
Psalms 223
Pseudonyms 14
Psychology 140
Public accounts 336
Public buildings 725
Public charities 361
Public documents 328
Public education 370
Public funds 336
Public health 614
Public houses 390
Public lands 353
Public meetings 360
Public schools 378
Public speaking 815
Public worship 246
Pulpit oratory 250
Pumps 532
Punctuation, English 421
Punishment 345
Puritans 277, 289
Puseyism 244, 283
Pygmies 599
Pyramids 916, 932
Pyrites 549
Pyrotechnics 662
Pyrrhonism 186
Pythagorean philosophy 182

=Quadrumana= 599
Quadrupeds 599
Quakers 289
Qualitative analysis 544
Quantitative analysis 545
Quarantine 614
Quaternions 518
Quotations 819, 829, etc.

=Race-horse= 798
Races, history 572
Racing 798
Radiates 593
Radiates paleontology 563
Railroad engineering 625
Railroad locomotives 621
Railroads 385
Railways, laws of 343
Rain 551
Rank 322
Rationalism 211, 155
Readers 418, 428, 438, etc.
Reading, art of 815
Reading courses 15, 16
Reading for self-education 374
Real estate law 343
Reason 155
Rebellion, Southern 973
Recipe books 640
Recreation 790
Reformation 274
Reformatory associations 364
Reformatory institutions 364
Reformed church 289
Regeneration 234
Regimen 613
Regulations of armies 355
Regulations of navies 359
Religion and science 215
Religion and sermons 255
Religions, Non-Christian 290
Religious anecdotes 249
Religious associations 362
Religious biography 922
Religious education 377
Religious fiction 249
Religious institutions 362
Religious orders 271
Religious philosophy 201
Remains 560
Rents 333
Repentance 234, 241
Reptiles 598
Reptiles paleontology 568
Republican institutions 324
Resistance of materials 691
Resurrection 236
Retribution 237
Revealed religion 231
Revelation 231
Revenue 336
Reviews, _see_ Periodicals.
Revivals 269
Revolution, American 973
Revolution, French 944
Rhetoric 815
Rhetoric sacred 251
Rhode Island 974
Rhododendron 582
Riddles 819, 829, etc.
Riding 798
Right of search 341
Rights and liberties 342
Riots 343
Ritualism 244
River transportation 387
Rivers 551
Roads 625
Rocky mountains 557, 917
Rodentia 599
Roman antiquities 937
Roman architecture 722
Roman Catholics 282
Roman history, ancient 937
Roman history, modern 945
Roman literature 870
Roman law 348
Roman mythology 292
Roman sculpture 733
Romance 813
  English 823
  French 843
  German 833
  Italian 853
  Religious 249
  Spanish 863
Romanic languages 440-469
Romansh language 459
Rome, ancient 937
Rome, modern 945
Romish church 282
Rope-making 677
Rowing 797
Rubber manufactures 675
Ruminants 599
Rural architecture 728
Rural sports 796
Russia 947
Russian America 977
Russian language 497

=Sabbatarians= 289
Sabbath 263
Sabbath reform 263
Sabbath schools 268
Sacrament of baptism 264
Sacrament of Lord's Supper 265
Sacred biography 922
Sacred rhetoric 251
Sacrifices 221
Saddlery 685
Sailors 387
St. Domingo 979
Sale catalogues of books 17, 18
Salt manufacture 664
Salvation 234
Sandwich Islands 997
Sanitary commissions 364
Sanitary commissions U.S. 361
Sanitary measures 614
Sanskrit language 494
Sardinia 945
Satan 235
Satire 817
  English 827
  French 847
  German 837
  Italian 857
  Latin 877
  Spanish 867
Savings banks 332
Saxon language 429
Saxons 943
Scandinavia 948
Scandinavian language 498
Scandinavian literature 898
Scepticism 211
Scholastic philosophy 198
Schools 378
Schools Sunday 268
School architecture 727
School houses 727
Schools of art 707
Schools of painting 753-756
Schopenhauer's philosophy 193
Schleswig-Holstein 943
Science, Natural 500
  biography of 925
Scientific societies 506
Scientific travels 508
Scotland 941
Scotch language 496
Scotch philosophy 192
Scriptures 220
Scrofulous diseases 616
Sculpture 730
Sculptors' lives 927
Seamanship 656, 527
Secession 342
Second advent 236
Second sight 133
Secret societies 366
Sects, Christian 280
Secular education 377
Self-culture 374
Self-education 374
Semitic languages 493
Semitic literature 893
Sensation 152
Sensational psychology 145
Sense 152
Sepulchres 718
Sepulture 614
Sermons 252-259
Serpents 598
Servants 647
Servia 949
Sewerage 614
Sewing 687
Sewing machine 687
Sex in education 376
Sexual ethics 176
Sexual science 618
Sexes 136
Shades and shadows 744
Shakers 289
Shakesperiana 822
Sheep 636
Shells 594
Shells fossil 564
Shemitic languages 493
Ship-building 699
Ship-canals 626, 387
Shipping laws 346
Shoemaking 685, 675
Shooting 799
Short-hand 653
Shrubbery 716
Siam 959
Siberia 957
Sicily 945
Sick-room 649
Sieges 355, 623
Sight 536
Sight hygiene 613
Signals 654
Sign painting 698
Silk culture 638
Silk manufacture 677
Silk worm 638, 595
Silver metal 549
Silver mines 628
Silver money 332
Sin 233
Singing 784
Sisters of Mercy 362
Skating 796
Skepticism 211
Skin diseases 616
Skye 941
Slander 177, 345
Slang 427, 437, etc.
Slating 695
Slavery 326
Slavic language 497
Slavic literature 897
Sleep 135
Sleep walking 135
Small-pox 616, 614
Soap-making 664
Social ethics 177
Social science 300
Social worship 247
Socialisms 335
Societies, fine arts 706
Societies, general 60
Societies, history 906
Societies, literature 806
Societies, natural science 506
Societies, philology 406
Societies, philosophy 106
Societies, science 506
Societies, secret 366
Societies, sociology 306
Societies, theology 206
Societies, useful arts 606
Society 177
Sociology 300
Sociology biography of 923
Socratic philosophy 183
Soils 631
Solar system 523
Soldiers 355
Somnambulism 135
Songs 784
Sonnets 811, 821, etc.
Sophist philosophy 183
Sorcery 133
Soul 233
Sound 534
South Africa 968
  botany 586
  geography 916
South America 980
  botany 588
  customs and costumes 398
  ecclesiastical history 278
  geography 918
  geology 558
  history 980
  statistics 318
  travels 918
South Carolina 976
South seas 999
Southern States 976
Spain 946
Spanish language 460
Spanish literature 860
Spanish philosophy 196
Specie payment 332
Specifications for building 692
Specters 133
Spectroscope 535
Spectrum analysis 544
Speeches, _see_ Oratory.
Spherical astronomy 521
Spherical geometry 513
Spherical trigonometry 514
Spiders 595
Spinoza's philosophy 147
Spiritualism 133
Spontaneous generation 577
Sports 796
Stables 636
Stage 792
Stained glass 745
Stammering 616
Stamps 383
Standing army 355
Starch manufacture 664
Stars 523
State 320
State ethics 172
State papers 328
State rights 342
State trials 345
Statesmen, lives 923
Statics 531
Statistical methods 311
Statistics 310
Statuary 730
Statute law 343
Steam-engine 621
Steam-fitting 696
Steam-navigation 527, 656
Steam-transportation 385, 656
Steel 669
Steel engraving 762
Stenography 653
Stereotyping 655
Stereoscopes and views 776
Stethoscope 616
Stipple engraving 765
Stock, live 636
Stocks 333
Stoic philosophy 188
Stoneware 673
Storms 551
Stills 663
Strategy 355
Strawberries 634
Stringed instruments 787
Study, methods of 371
Stuttering 616
Sublime and beautiful 701
Submarine telegraph 384
Succession 323
Suffrage 324
Sugar-cane 633
Sugar manufacture 664
Sugar planting 633
Suicide 131
Sumatra 992
Summer-houses 717
Sun 523
Sunda 992
Sunday-schools 268
Supernaturalism 133
Superstition 133
Surgery 617
Surnames 929
Surveying 622
Susceptibility 157
Sweden 948
Swedenborgians 289
Swimming 796
Swine 636
Switzerland 949
Syllogism 160
Symbolism 219
Synonyms, English 424
Synonyms, French 444
Synonyms, German 434
Synonyms, Greek 484
Synonyms, Italian 454
Synonyms, Latin 474
Synonyms, Spanish 464
Syphilis 616
Syria 956
Syriac language 493
Syro-Chaldaic 493
Systematic botany 582

=Tableaux= 791
Tables, dining 643
Tables, mathematical 514
Tachygraphy 653
Tactics 355
Tailoring 687
Takigrafy 653
Tales, _see_ Romance.
Talmud 296
Tanning 675
Tariffs 337
Tartary 951, 959
Taste and criticism 701
Taxation 336
Taxidermy 579
Tea cultivation 633
Teachers and teaching 371
Technology, chemical 660
Teeth 611, 617
Tehuantepec 978
Telegraph 384
Telegraphy 654
Telescope 535, 522
Temperaments 137
Temperance 178
Temperature 551, 536
Templars 366
Tennessee 976
Testacea 594
Testament, New 225
Testament, Old 221
Testamentary law 349
Testimony 349
Texas 976
Textile fabrics 677
Texts, comparative 418
Texts, English 428
Texts, French 448
Texts, German 438
Texts, Greek, with notes 488
Texts, Greek, without notes 880
Texts, Italian 458
Texts, Latin, with notes 478
Texts, Latin, without notes 870
Texts, Spanish 468
Thanksgiving 244
Theater, _see_ Drama.
Theater, ethics 175
Theaters 792
Theatricals 792
Theft 345
Theism 211
Theodicy 231, 214
Theological doctrine 230
Theological essays 204
Theology 200
Theology biography of 922
Theology devotional 240
Theology natural 210
Theology practical 240
Theoretical astronomy 521
Theoretical chemistry 541
Theoretical ethics 171
Therapeutics 615
Thibet 951
Thirty-nine articles 283
Thomsonianism 615
Thought 153
Throat diseases 616
Thunder 537
Tides 521
Tiling 695
Timber 691
Tin manufacture 671
Tin mineral 549
Tithes 336
Tobacco 615, 178, 633
Toilet 646
Tolls 336
Tombs 718
Topographical engineering 622
Topography 910
Total abstinence 178
Toxicology 615
Tractarianism 244, 283
Tract society 362
Trade 380
Trade marks 608
Trades, mechanic 680
Trades, unions 367, 606, 331
Tragedies, _see_ Drama.
Transactions 106, 206, 306, etc.
Transcendentalism 142
Translation, Greek authors 880
Translation, Latin authors 870
Transportation 380, 656, 345
Transubstantiation 282
Transylvania 943
Trapping 639
Travels 910
Travels scientific 508
Treason 345
Treasury 352
Trees 580
Trees, ornamental 715
Trespass 345
Trials 340
Trigonometry 514
Trilobites 565
Trinity 232
Troubadours 449, 841
Trunk-making 685
Trusts and trustees 344
Tungusic language 499
Tunnels 625
Turkey 949
Turkey in Asia 956
Turkish baths 613
Turkish language 499
Turning 674
Tuscany 945
Type founding 671
Typography 655
Tyrol 943

=Understanding= 153
Uniforms 355
Unitarians 288
United States 324, 973
  botany 587
  customs and costumes 397
  ecclesiastical history 277
  geography 917
  geology 557
  history 973
  statistics 317
  travels 917
Universal History 909
Universal language 408
Universalism 288
Universities 378
University education 373
Upholstering 645
Uruguay 989
Useful arts 600
  biography of 926
Usury 334
Utah 977

=Vases= 738
Vaudois 272, 949
Vegetable physiology 581
Vegetable practice 615
Vegetables 635
Vegetarianism 613
Venereal diseases 616
Venezuela 987
Venice 945
Ventilation 697
Ventriloquism 133
Vermont 974
Versification 811
Vertebrates 596
Vertebrates paleontology 566
Veterinary medicine 619
Villas 728
Violin 787
Virginia 976
Virtue 170
Vision 535
Visions and dreams 135
Vital principle 576, 612
Vocal culture 784, 815
Vocal music 784
Voice 784
Volcanoes 553
Voyages 910

=Wages= 331
Wakefulness 135
Waldenses 272, 945
Wales 942
Walks 713
Wallachian language 459
War ethics 172
War science 355-359
Warehouses 380
Warming 697
Washing 648
Washington territory 977
Watch-making 681
Water, artificial ponds, etc. 714
Water colors 751
Water cure 615
Water wheels 531, 621
Water works 628
Watering-places 613
Wax flowers 745
Wealth 331
Weather 551
Weaving 677
Weights and measures 389
Welsh language 496
West Indies 979
West Virginia 976
Western States 977
Whale 599
Whale fisheries 639
Wheat 633
Whigs 324
Whigs English 323
Whist 795
Will 159
Wills 343
Wind instruments 788
Wine 663
Wisconsin 977
Wit 819, 829, 839, etc.
Witchcraft 133
Woman, education 376
Woman, suffrage 324
Wood engraving 761
Wood manufactures 674
Wool 636
Wool manufactures 677
Working classes 331
Worship 246-248
Writing 651
Writing short-hand 653

=Xylography= 655

=Yachting= 797
Year books 313
Yellow fever 616
Young men's association 362

=Zend= 295
Zend Avesta 295
Zodiac 521
Zoölogy 590
Zoöphytes 593
Zoroaster 295



       *       *       *       *       *

EXPLANATIONS.

       *       *       *       *       *



The titles of the subject catalogue are exact transcriptions of the title
page, neither amended, translated, or in any way altered, except that
mottoes, titles of authors, repetitions, or matter of any kind not
essential to a clear titular description, are _omitted_. Omissions of
mottoes are indicated by three stars (* * *); of other matter by three
dots (...). The phraseology, spelling, and punctuation of the title
are exactly copied; but capitals are given only to proper names and
adjectives, and initial words of sentences. Any additions needed to make
the title clear are supplied and enclosed by brackets.

After the titles, are given in order: the place of publication; the year;
the year of copyright, if different, in brackets; the edition; the number
of volumes, or of pages if in only one volume; the illustrations, maps,
plates, or portraits; and the size nearest in the arbitrary scale,
regardless of the fold of the sheet. This scale gives the heights in
decimeters. Square and oblong books have the size prefixed by _sq_. or
_ob_. Books 1 decimeter high are called 32°; 1.5 deci., 16°; 2 deci.,
12°; 2.5 deci., 8°; 3 deci., 4°; and all others are marked simply by the
nearest height, i.e. a book marked 4 is between 3.5 and 4.5 decimeters
high. In books having more than one pagination the number of pages is
indicated by giving the last number of each pagination connected by a +;
an added + indicates additional matter unpaged.

These imprint entries give the facts regardless of the title page, and
are left blank only when they can be ascertained neither from the book
itself or other sources.

The contents of volumes are given when on title pages, or when necessary
to properly identify the volume, but no analysis is attempted. Necessary
notes are given at the bottom of the subject card after the imprint
entries.

Duplicates are simply marked copy 2, copy 3, etc., and bear the same
class and book number, but editions of the same book distinct in
character are catalogued separately.

In all the catalogues, books are entered under the _surnames_ of authors
when known; under the _initials_ of author's names, when these only
appear, the last initial being put first; under the _pseudonyms_ of the
writers, when the real names are not ascertained; under the names
of _editors_ of collections; under the names of _countries, cities,
societies,_ or other _bodies_ which are responsible for their
publication; under the _first word_ not an article of the titles of
periodicals and of anonymous books the names of whose authors are not
ascertained. _Commentaries_ with the text, and _translations_ are
entered under the heading of the original work, but commentaries without
the text are entered under the name of the _commentator_. The Bible or
any part of it in any language is entered under the word _Bible_. Books
having more than one author are entered under the first named on the
title.

In the headings of titles, the names of authors are given in their
vernacular form. In English and French surnames beginning with a prefix
(except the French de and d') the name is recorded under the prefix. In
other languages and in French names beginning with de and d', the name
is recorded under the word following the prefix. Compound surnames are
entered under the first part of the name. Noblemen and ecclesiastical
dignitaries are entered under their family names, but _sovereigns,
princes, oriental writers, friars, persons canonized_, and all other
persons known _only_ by their first name, are entered under this first
name.

The catalogue is not a biographical dictionary, so only gives the names
of authors with sufficient fullness to distinguish them from each other
in practical use.

Names in =full face type= are the ruling headings under which the books
are entered in the various catalogues. Entries not beginning with this
type are in addition to the first or main entry, and are made under the
names of _translators, editors, commentators, continuators_, etc., as
participators in the authorship; also in the case of books having more
than one author, or having both generic and specific titles, or published
by societies or other bodies, and having also the name of the individual
author. These additional entries are made in order to carry out the plan
of the Authors' Catalogue, which aims to give under each author's name
all his works which the library contains.

The works of an author known by more than one name are given all
together, under the form of name chosen. Any other name or title by which
he may be known, if it differs in the first three letters, is entered in
its alphabetical place, followed by the word _see_ and the name under
which the books are entered. Such cross references have no titles given
under them, but are simply guides to the name chosen.

A single dash indicates the omission of the preceding heading; a
subsequent dash indicates the omission of a subordinate heading or of a
title. A dash connecting numbers signifies _to and including_; following
a number it signifies _continuation_. A ? following a word or entry
signifies _probably_. Brackets enclose words added to titles or changed
in form.

The German diphthongs ä, ö, ü are written, ae, oe, ue.

Dates are all given in years of the common calendar, and Arabic numerals
are uniformly used for all numbers.



SUBJECT CATALOGUE.


The Subject Catalogue on large cards can be used to advantage only with
the aid of the _Classification_ or _Index_. To find what the library
has on any given subject, get from the Index the class number of that
subject. Under this number in the Subject Catalogue will be found the
full titles of the books, with imprints, cross references, and notes. The
class number, by which the cards are arranged, is given in the upper
left corner and immediately under it is the book number. Any other class
number given in the left hand margin refers to another subject of which
the book also treats. When the class number at the top is followed by an
additional figure in brackets, the subject as given in the printed scheme
has been subdivided in arranging the cards. This subdivision will be
found on the first card of the catalogue which bears this class number.
These figures in brackets determine the arrangement of the titles in the
Catalogue, but on the shelves, in the Shelf Catalogue, and in calling for
and charging books, they are entirely disregarded. Thus a book numbered
942(7).14 would be in the Catalogue among the 942 cards arranged by the
figure in brackets as though it were a decimal, but it would be called
for as 942.14, the brackets indicating that the final classing was
limited to the Catalogue and was not extended to the shelves. If a fourth
figure is added without brackets, the final classing is extended to the
shelves as well as to the catalogue, and all the figures must be used
in calling for the book. In such cases the added figure is treated as a
decimal in the arrangement, though the decimal point is not written.

The last card which bears any class number, gives under that number,
followed by the word SEE the call numbers of other books which treat of
the same subject, but are classed elsewhere. General cross references
are also made in many cases without specifying individual books, as from
_Commerce_ as a question of SOCIAL SCIENCE (380) to _Commerce_ as a
USEFUL ART, Book-keeping Business Manuals, etc. (650). In such cases
there is a card under 380 marked SEE 650, and under 650 there is a card
marked SEE 380. From whatever stand-point a subject is approached, the
cross references guide at once to the same subject treated in its other
relations. These cross references both general and specific are often
accompanied by brief notes, characterizing the books to which reference
is made.

There will be found at the beginning of many class numbers, a card noting
the most reliable books on that subject, and the best of the articles in
periodicals, transactions, and collected works with the volume and page
where they may be found. It is hoped to give special prominence to these
notes for the guidance of readers, and they will be added as rapidly as
other duties allow.

Many subjects will have no sub-section cards at the beginning; some will
have no reference cards at the end; and some may have no titles given
under the number. The scheme provides a place for books on all subjects,
whether the library has them or not, so where no titles are given under
a class number it shows that the library has as yet no books on that
subject.

Articles in periodicals and transactions, separate volumes of sets and
collections which are located together, _if catalogued_ are put under
their proper subject number, but no _book number_ is given with it. The
call number of the book, where they may be found, is always given in the
margin preceded by the word IN. In the same way special chapters in books
will sometimes be catalogued, _e.g._ a card marked 338 IN 331-27, would
mean that in the 27 books on 331, _Capital and Labor_, there was a
chapter on 338, _Production_.





*** End of this LibraryBlog Digital Book "A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library" ***

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