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Title: Esperanto Self-Taught with Phonetic Pronunciation
Author: Mann, William W.
Language: English
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MARLBOROUGH'S SELF-TAUGHT SERIES
Esperanto Self-Taught
WITH
PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION.
BY
*WILLIAM W. MANN.*
(_Member of the British Esperanto Association._)
[Illustration: ST Series--Trade Mark Registered]
THIRD EDITION
PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN
LONDON:
E. MARLBOROUGH & CO., LTD., 51 OLD BAILEY, E.C. 4
[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.]
PREFACE.
The object of this volume is two-fold. It supplies very full and
comprehensive vocabularies of the words required by the tourist or
traveller, visitor or resident abroad, health or pleasure seeker, and
professional or business man, together with a large number of
conversational sentences of a typical and practical character. The words
and phrases are classified according to subject, and the phonetic
pronunciation of every word is added in accordance with Marlborough's
simple and popular system of phonetics.
With the aid of this book anyone may undertake a trip to a foreign land,
even if he know nothing of the language of the country he is going to,
and, if he will put himself beforehand in communication with
Esperantists in the various places he intends to visit, he will find
them ready to help him in many ways, and his stay abroad will thus be
made much more entertaining and instructive than if he had spent his
time in the conventional manner of the ordinary tourist. A further great
advantage of this international language is, that it opens up to the
traveller, not merely one particular country, but the whole of Europe.
The book also aims at affording a practical guide to Esperanto for the
student, who will find, in the section on Grammar, all that he needs to
give him full insight into and grasp of the language, enabling him with
very little effort to read, write and speak correctly.
By joining an Esperanto Group the learner may have frequent opportunity
of conversational practice, and he will soon find that it is by no means
a difficult matter to become as fluent in the auxiliary language as in
his mother-tongue.[1]
Esperanto is not merely a language for tourists, but already possesses a
rich literature of considerable extent, the beginnings of that
"Weltlitteratur" foreseen by Goethe; it has a press of its own
representing every country of importance in the world, and is constantly
being made use of for professional purposes by doctors, scientists,
teachers, lawyers, soldiers, sailors, merchants, etc., in every quarter
of the globe. It is undoubtedly destined, ere many years have passed, to
become a very important factor in the progress of the world.
WILLIAM W. MANN.
_London, 1908._
_PRINTED AND MADE IN GREAT BRITAIN._
Letchworth: THE GARDEN CITY PRESS LTD.
_Fifth Impression_
CONTENTS.
PAGE
Alphabet, with English Phonetic Pronunciation 5
Preliminary Notes.--Accents, Vowels, Diphthongs, etc. 8
Vocabularies.--Pages 9 to 76.
Amusement, Recreation and 41
Animals, Vegetables, &c.:
Animals, Birds and Fishes 12
Fruit, Trees, Flowers and Vegetables 15
Reptiles and Insects 14
Colours 17
Commercial Terms 56
Correspondence 61
Countries and Nations 40
Cycling 44
Cooking and Table Utensils 29
House and Furniture, The 34
Legal Terms 54
Mankind: Relations 22
Dress and the Toilet 30
Food and Drink 27
Health 26
Human Body, The 23
Physical and Mental Powers, Qualities, etc. 24
Motoring 47
Numbers: Cardinal, Ordinal, Collective and Fractional 62-64
Parts of Speech.--Pages 64 to 76
Adjectives 64
Adverbs, Conjunctions, and Prepositions 72
Verbs 68
Photography 48
Post, Telegraph and Telephone 60
Professions and Trades 52
Recreation and Amusement 41
Religion 50
Telegraph and Telephone (Post, --) 60
Time and Seasons 17
Town, Country, and Agriculture 20
Travelling: By Road and Rail 36
" By Ship 39
Washing List 33
World and its Elements, The 9
Land and Water 10
Minerals and Metals 11
Grammar.--Pages 77 to 88.
The Adjective 77
" Adverb 83
" Article 77
" Conjunction 83
" Noun 77
" Preposition 83
" Pronoun 78
" Verb 81
The Formation of Words, etc.--Pages 84 to 88.
Prefixes and Suffixes 84-87
Compound Words 87
Correlatives 88
Conversations.--Pages 89 to 126.
Amusements 112
Commercial and Trading 125
Correspondence 122
Custom House, At the 98
Cycling 114
Enquiries 93
Expressions, (Useful and Necessary) 89
Expressions of Emotion 93
Health 105
Legal and Judicial 123
Meals 102-105
Breakfast 102
Dinner 103
Tea 104
Money Changing 126
Motoring 115
Photography 117
Post and Telegraph 121
Religion 118
Shopping 108
Dressmaker 110
Laundress 111
Shoemaker 110
Telegraph (Post and) 121
Time of Day, The 118
Times, Seasons, and Weather 119
Town, In 106
Travelling:--
Arrival 99
Bus and Tram 100
Changing Money 126
Hotel and Rooms 100
Public Notices 94
Railway, By 95
Steamer, By 97
Useful and Necessary Expressions 89
Money.--Equivalent Values 127
Weights and Measures; Postage 128
THE ESPERANTO ALPHABET (WITH PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION).
The Esperanto Alphabet has 28 letters--23 consonants, 5 vowels:--
Characters. | Name and English Pronunciation. | Phonetics
| | used.
| |
------------+---------------------------------------------+-----------
A, a | (ah) like _a_ in _father_ or _pa_; as |
| _patro_ (pah'troh). In unaccented syllables |
| it should not be dwelt upon, and in all |
| cases it should be pronounced quite purely, |
| without the slight drawling _r_-sound which |
| is sometimes added to the corresponding |
| vowel in English | ah
| |
B, b | (bo) as in English | b
| |
C, c | (tsoh) like _ts_ in _gets_, _hits_, and |
| never as in English; as _caro_ (tsah'roh) | ts
| |
Ĉ, ĉ | (cho) like _ch_ in _church_; as _ĉasi_ |
| (chah'see) | ch
| |
D, d | (do) as in English, but with tip of tongue |
| placed on back of teeth instead of on front |
| ridge of roof of mouth | d
| |
E, e | (eh) like _e_ in _bend_ pronounced broadly, |
| or _a_ in _hate_ shortly pronounced, but |
| quite pure, entirely without the slight |
| drawling _ee_-sound often heard after the |
| English vowel; as _beno_ (beh'noh) | e, eh
| |
F, f | (fo) as in English | f
| |
G, g | (go) like _g_ in _go_, _give_, as _gasto_ |
| (gah'stoh), and never like _g_ in _gem_, |
| _allege_ | g
| |
Ĝ, ĝ | (jo) like _g_ in _gem_, _general_, and _j_ |
| in _jovial_; as _ĝeni_ (jeh'nee) | j
| |
H, h | (ho) as in English | h
| |
Ĥ, ĥ | (ĥo) like _ch_ in Scotch _loch_, _ch_ in |
| German _hoch_, _j_ in Spanish _mujer_. This |
| guttural sound is practically a very |
| strongly aspirated _h_, and may be made by |
| trying to pronounce "ho" with the throat |
| arranged as for saying _k_:--_ĥoro_ |
| (khoro), _ĥino_ (khino) | _kh_
| |
I, i | (ee) like _ee_ in _seen_, as _li_ (lee). In |
| unaccented syllables, and before two |
| consonants together, this _i_ practically |
| becomes the _i_ in _it_ or in _wind_; as |
| _ferminte_ (fehrr-min'teh) | ee, i
| |
J, j | (yo) *always* like _y_ in _yet_, as _jes_ |
| (yehss), _vojo_ (vo'yo), and never like _j_ |
| in _judge_, _joke_ | y
| |
| It should be remembered that _j_ is _always |
| a consonant_, with the sound of the English |
| _y_ in _you_. Of course, when _j_ occurs at |
| the end of a word or before a consonant, it |
| practically unites with the preceding vowel |
| to form a diphthong, and loses the full |
| consonantal sound which it has before a |
| vowel. Thus: |
| |
| _Aj_ (ahy), like _ah y_ in _ah yes_ (almost |
| like _y_ in _my_); as _kaj_ (kah'y), |
| _rajdi_ (rah'y-dee), _krajono_ (krah-yo'no) | ahy
| |
| _Ej_ (ehy), like _ay y_ in _say yes_; as |
| _plej_ (pleh'y, *one* syllable) | ehy
| |
| _Oj_ (oy), like _oh y_ in _oh yes_ (almost |
| like _oy_ in _toy_); as _ranoj_ (rah'noy), |
| _kojno_ (koy'noh) | oy
| |
| _Uj_ (ooy), like _oo y_ in _too young_; as |
| _tuj_ (too'y, *one* syllable), _prujno_ |
| (proo'yno, *two* syllables) | ooy
| |
Ĵ, ĵ | (zho) like _s_ in _vision_ or _pleasure_, |
| or _j_ in French _jeune, j'ai_; as _ĵeti_ |
| (zheh'tee) | zh
| |
K, k | (ko) as in English | k
| |
L, l | (lo) as in English | l
| |
M, m | (mo) as in English | m
| |
N, n | (no) as in English | n
| |
O, o | (oh) like _o_ in _horse_, not |
| diphthongized, but pronounced purely and |
| rather shortly, as _bona_ (boh'nah NOT |
| bow'nah), quite without the short |
| _oo_-sound frequently heard with the |
| English vowel in such words as _note_, |
| _boat_. Its sound is almost equivalent to |
| _aw_ in _caw_, pronounced shortly and with |
| the lips placed roundly as if for saying | o,
| _oh_; as _estonta_ (ess-tohn'tah) | oh
| |
P, p | (po) as in English | p
| |
R, r | (ro) as in English, but sounded _much more |
| forcibly_, and always _with a trill_ as in |
| singing; as _korpo_ (kohr'po) | r
| |
S, s | (so) like _s_ in _say_, as _suno_ |
| (soo'noh), and *never* as _s_ in _rose_; as |
| _pesi_ (peh'see) | s, ss
| |
Ŝ, ŝ | (sho) like _sh_ in _show_, _she_; as _ŝipo_ |
| (shee'poh) | sh
| |
T, t | (to) as in English, but dentally--with tip |
| of tongue placed on back of teeth instead |
| of on front ridge of roof of mouth | t
| |
U, u | (oo) like _oo_ in _boot_, as _nubo_ |
| (*noo'*boh); and *never* as _u_ in _mute_ |
| or _but_ | oo
| |
Ŭ, ŭ | (wo) is equivalent to the English _w_, and |
| is produced by a _partial bringing |
| together_ of the lips. It practically only |
| occurs after _a_ or _e_ | w, ŏŏ
| |
| (1) _Aŭ_. To say _antaŭ_, for instance, say |
| "ahn'tah," and finish by bringing the lips |
| slightly together to pronounce the _ŭ_ |
| (_w_). Similarly for _laŭta_ (lah'w-tah). |
| This sound is not exactly the English _ou_ |
| in _house_, but is just the _au_ in the |
| German _Haus_. The phonetic sign for _aŭ_, |
| therefore is | ahw
| |
| (2) _Eŭ_, as in _Eŭropo_ (ehw-ro'poh), is |
| pronounced with a similar closing of the |
| lips after the _eh-_sound | ehw
| |
V, v | (vo) as in English | v
| |
Z, z | (zo) as in English | z
| |
PRELIMINARY NOTES.
In order to make the best progress in acquiring the words and sentences
in the following pages, the student is recommended to learn a few at a
time by repeating them aloud with the aid of the phonetic pronunciation
in the third column.
Although the system of phonetics may seem a little cumbersome, practice
will soon enable the student to pronounce the words easily and
naturally. The following notes will be useful:--
1. *Accent.*--In Esperanto, *every letter*, whether vowel or consonant,
*is sounded*. *The accented syllable of a word is always the last but
one.* Thus, _nobla_ (noh'blah), _irado_ (ee-rah'do), _telefono_
(teh-leh-foh'no), _internacia_ (in-tehr-naht-see'ah), _folio_
(fohlee'oh).
It should be borne in mind that _j_ and _ŭ_ *are consonants*, and do
not, like the vowels, of themselves constitute a syllable. Thus, _tiu_
(tee'oo, *two* syllables) and _tiuj_ (tee'ooy, also *two* syllables),
_rajdi_ (rah'y-dee, *not* rah-ĭ'dee), _antaŭ_ (ahn'tahw, *not*
ahn-tah'ŏŏ).
2. *The vowels, _a_, _e_, _i_, _o_, _u_, should in Esperanto be
pronounced quite purely*, and entirely without any drawling after-sound.
Many English speakers diphthongize _a_, _i_, _o_, and pronounce _late_
as "l_a-i_t," _pale_ as "p_a-i_l," _paper_ as "p_a-y_-per," _road_ as
"row-d," etc. This habit of drawling the vowels, when transferred to
Esperanto, thus: _Mi ne povas bone paroli_, mee'y nay'ee poh'ŏŏ-vah(r)ss
boh'ŏŏ-nehy pah(r)-roh'ŏŏ-leey, immediately reveals the nationality of
the speaker.
There is also an inclination to interpose an _r_-sound between _la_
("the") and a word beginning with a vowel, thus: _la(r)ebleco_ instead
of _la ebleco_, _la(r)internacia lingvo_ instead of _la internacia
lingvo_, etc. This should be avoided.
3. *Combinations of Consonants.*--There are a few consonantal
combinations which offer a slight difficulty to English beginners, viz.,
_gv_, _kn_, _kv_, _sc_. The combinations _gv_, _kn_, and _kv_, as in
_gvidi_ (gvee'dee), _knabo_ (knah'bo), _kvieto_ (kvee-eh'toh), may be
practised by first placing a vowel before the _g_ or _k_, and gradually
suppressing it. Thus, first say _la knabo_ (lahk-nah'bo), and gradually
drop the "lah," until finally _knabo_ can be said without difficulty.
The combination _sc_, as in _sceno_ (stseh'no), may be learnt thus: Say
"last sane" several times, very distinctly pronouncing the _st_ and the
_s_, then gradually "'st sane", and finally _sceno_ (stseh'no) without
any preceding vowel-sound. When this combination follows a vowel, as in
_mi scias_, it should cause no difficulty, for the _s_ is easily
pronounced with the first syllable, thus: meess-tsee'ahss.
* * * * *
LETTER FROM DR. ZAMENHOF. (_Founder of Esperanto._)
Varsovio, 14.9.08.
KARAJ SINJOROJ,--Kun plezuro kaj danko mi ricevis vian leteron de
10.9, kaj ankaŭ la presprovaĵon de "Esperanto Self-Taught."
Ĉar Sro Mann estas tre kompetenta kaj sperta esperantisto, tial mi
estas tute certa, ke la libro verkita de li estos tre bona kaj tre
utila.
Via,
(_Signed_) ZAMENHOF.
[TRANSLATION.]
_Warsaw, 14.9.08._
_Dear Sirs,--I received your letter of Sept. 10, and the proofs of
"Esperanto Self-Taught," with pleasure and thanks._
_As Mr. Mann is a very competent and experienced Esperantist, I am
quite certain that the book written by him will be very good and very
useful._
_Yours_,
(_Signed_) _ZAMENHOF_.
VOCABULARIES.
1. The World & its Elements. (_La Mondo kaj ĝiaj Elementoj._)
(See Notes on the Article)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Air | _aero_ | ah-eh'ro
cloud | _nubo_ | noo'bo
cold | _malvarmo_ | mahl-vahrr'mo
darkness | _mallumo_ | mahl-loo'mo
dew | _roso_ | ro'so
dust | _polvo_ | pohl'vo
earth | _tero_ | teh'ro
east | _oriento_ | o-ree-ehn'toh
eclipse | _eklipso_ | eh-klip'so
fire | _fajro_ | fahy'ro
fog | _nebulo_ | neh-boo'lo
frost | _frosto_ | frohst'o
hail | _hajlo_ | hahy'lo
heat | _varmo_ | vahrr'mo
light | _lumo_ | loo'mo
lightning | _fulmo_ | fool'mo
moon; --, new | _luno; nova luno_ | loo'no; no'vah loo'no
--, full | _plena luno_ | pleh'nah loo'no
moonlight | _lunlumo_ | loon'loo'mo
nature | _naturo_ | nah-too'ro
north | _nordo_ | nohrr'doh
rain | _pluvo_ | ploo'vo
rainbow | _ĉielarko_ | chee-ehl-ahr'ko
shade, shadow | _ombro_ | ohm'bro
sky | _ĉielo_ | chee-eh'lo
snow | _neĝo_ | neh'jo
south | _sudo_ | soo'doh
star | _stelo_ | steh'lo
sun | _suno_ | soo'no
thaw | _degelo_ | deh-geh'lo
thunder | _tondro_ | tohn'dro
weather | _vetero_ | veteh'ro
west | _okcidento_ | ohk-tsee-dehn'toh
wind | _vento_ | vehn'toh
2. Land and Water. (_La Tero kaj la Akvo._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Bay | _golfeto_ | golf-eh'toh
beach | _marbordo_ | mahrbohr'doh
canal | _kanalo_ | kanah'lo
cape | _terkapo_ | tehr-kah'po
cliff | _krutegaĵo_ | kroo-teh-gah'zho
coast | _marbordo_ | mahr-bohr'doh
creek | _kriko_ | kree'ko
current | _akvofluo_ | ahk'vo-floo'oh
ebb | _malfluso_ | mahl-floo'so
flood (deluge) | _inundo_ | in-oon'doh
-- (of the tide) | _fluso_ | floo'so
flow | _fluo_ | floo'oh
foam | _ŝaŭmo_ | shahw'mo
hill | _monteto_ | mohn-teh'toh
ice | _glacio_ | glaht-see'oh
island | _insulo_ | in-soo'lo
lake | _lago_ | lah'go
land | _tero_ | teh'ro
mainland | _ĉeftero_ | chehf-teh'ro
marsh | _marĉo_ | mahr'cho
moor | _stepo_ | steh'po
mountain | _monto_ | mohn'toh
mud | _koto_ | ko'toh
river | _rivero_ | reeveh'ro
rock | _roko_ | ro'ko
sand | _sablo_ | sah'blo
sea | _maro_ | mah'ro
sea-shore | _marbordo_ | mahr-bohr'doh
shingle | _ŝtonetaĵo_ | shto-neh-tah'zho
storm | _ventego_ | ven-teh'go
stream | _rivereto_ | rivehr-eh'toh
tide; --, high | _tajdo; altmaro_ | tahy'doh; ahlt-mah'ro
--, low | _malaltmaro_ | mahl'ahlt-mah'ro
valley | _valo_ | vah'lo
water; --, fresh | _akvo; sensala akvo_ | ahk'vo; sen-sah'la
| | ahk'vo
--, salt | _sala akvo_ | sah'la ahk'vo
waterfall | _akvofalo_ | ahk'vo-fah'lo
wave | _ondo_ | ohn'doh
well | _akvoputo_ | ahk'vo-poo'toh
3. Minerals & Metals. (_Mineraloj kaj Metaloj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Alum | _aluno_ | ahloo'no
amber | _sukceno_ | sookt-seh'no
brass | _latuno_ | lah-too'no
bricks | _brikoj_ | bree'koy
bronze | _bronzo_ | brohn'zo
cement | _cemento_ | tseh-mehn'to
chalk | _kreto_ | kreh'to
clay | _argilo_ | ahr-ghee'lo
coal | _karbo_ | kahrr'bo
concrete | _betono_ | beh-toh'no
copper | _kupro_ | koo'pro
coral | _koralo_ | kohrah'lo
crystal | _kristalo_ | kris-tah'lo
diamond | _diamanto_ | dee-ahmahn'toh
emerald | _smeraldo_ | smehrahl'doh
glass | _vitro_ | vee'tro
gold | _oro_ | oh'ro
granite | _granito_ | grahnee'toh
gravel | _gruzo_ | groo'zo
iron | _fero_ | feh'ro
--, cast | _fandfero_ | fahnd-feh'ro
--, wrought | _forĝfero_ | fohrj-feh'ro
lead | _plumbo_ | ploom'bo
lime | _kalko_ | kahl'ko
marble | _marmoro_ | mahrr-moh'ro
mercury | _hidrargo_ | heedrahrr'go
mortar | _mortero_ | mohr-teh'ro
nickel | _nikelo_ | nik-eh'loh
opal | _opalo_ | ohpah'lo
ore | _minaĵo_ | meenah'zho
pearl | _perlo_ | pehrr'lo
ruby | _rubeno_ | roobeh'no
silver | _arĝento_ | ahrr-jehn'toh
slate | _ardezo_ | ahrr-deh'zo
soda | _sodo_ | so'doh
steel | _ŝtalo_ | shtah'lo
stone | _ŝtono_ | shtoh'no
tin | _stano_ | stah'no
zinc | _zinko_ | zeen'ko
4. Animals, Birds & Fishes. (_Bestoj, Birdoj, kaj Fiŝoj._)
(See Shopping, §. 53.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Animal | _besto_ | beh'stoh
barking | _bojado_ | bo-yah'doh
bear | _urso_ | oorr'so
bird | _birdo_ | beerr'doh
blackbird | _merlo_ | mehrr'lo
braying | _azenbleko_ | ah-zehn-bleh'ko
bull | _bovoviro_ | bo'vo-veer'oh
calf | _bovido_ | bo-vee'doh
canary | _kanario_ | kanah-ree'oh
cat | _kato_ | kah'toh
chicken | _kokido_ | ko-kee'doh
claw, nail | _ungo_ | oon'go
cock | _koko_ | ko'ko
cod | _moruo_ | mo-roo'oh
colt | _ĉevalido_ | chehvah-lee'doh
cow | _bovino_ | bo-vee'no
crab | _krabo_ | krah'bo
cuckoo | _kukolo_ | koo-ko'lo
deer | _damcervo_ | dahm-tsehrr'vo
dog | _hundo_ | hoon'doh
donkey | _azeno_ | ah-zeh'no
dove, pigeon | _kolombo_ | ko-lohm'bo
duck | _anaso_ | ah-nah'so
--, wild | _sovaĝa anaso_ | so-vah'ja ah-nah'so
eagle | _aglo_ | ah'glo
eel | _angilo_ | ahn-ghee'lo
elephant | _elefanto_ | ehleh-fahn'toh
feather | _plumo_ | ploo'mo
fins | _naĝiloj_ | nah-jee'loy
fish | _fiŝo_ | fee'sho
fowl | _kortbirdo_ | kohrrt-beer'doh
fox | _vulpo_ | vool'po
fur | _felo_ | feh'lo
game | _ĉasaĵo_ | chah-sah'zho
gills | _brankoj_ | brahn'koy
goat | _kapro_ | kah'pro
goose | _ansero_ | ahn-seh'ro
gull | _mevo_ | meh'vo
haddock | _eglefino_ | eh-gleh-fee'no
hake | _merluĉo_ | mehr-loo'cho
hare | _leporo_ | lepoh'ro
hen | _kokino_ | ko-kee'no
herring | _haringo_ | har-een'go
hoof | _hufo_ | hoo'foh
horn | _korno_ | kohrr'no
horse | _ĉevalo_ | cheh-vah'loh
howling | _blekado_ | bleh-kah'doh
lamb | _ŝafido_ | shah-fee'do
lark | _alaŭdo_ | ahl-ahw'doh
lion | _leono_ | leh-oh'no
lobster | _omaro_ | o-mah'ro
mackerel | _skombro_ | skohm'bro
magpie | _pigo_ | pee'go
mane | _kolhararo_ | kohl'har-ah'ro
mewing | _miaŭado_ | mee-ah-wah'doh
monkey | _simio_ | sim-ee'oh
mouse | _muso_ | moo'so
mullet | _mugelo_ | moo-gheh'lo
nightingale | _najtingalo_ | nahy-tin-gah'lo
owl | _strigo_ | stree'go
ox | _bovo_ | bo'vo
oyster | _ostro_ | oh'stro
parrot | _papago_ | pa-pah'go
partridge | _perdriko_ | pehr-dree'ko
paw | _piedo_ | pee-eh'doh
peacock | _pavo_ | pah'voh
pheasant | _fazano_ | fah-zah'no
pig | _porko_ | pohrr'ko
pike | _ezoko_ | eh-zo'ko
plaice | _plateso_ | plah-teh'so
quail | _koturno_ | ko-toorr'no
rabbit | _kuniklo_ | koo-nee'klo
rat | _rato_ | rah'toh
raven | _korvo_ | kohrr'vo
rook | _frugilego_ | froo-ghee-leh'go
salmon | _salmo_ | sahl'mo
sheep | _ŝafo_ | shah'fo
snipe | _marĉa skolopo_ | mar'chah sko-lo'po
sparrow | _pasero_ | pa-seh'ro
stork | _cikonio_ | tsee-konee'oh
swallow | _hirundo_ | hee-roon'doh
swan | _cigno_ | tseeg'noh
tail | _vosto_ | vo'sto
thrush | _turdo_ | toorr'doh
tiger | _tigro_ | tee'gro
tortoise | _testudo_ | tess-too'doh
trout | _truto_ | troo'toh
turbot | _rombfiŝo_ | rohmb-fee'sho
turkey | _meleagro_ | meh-leh-ah'gro
turtle | _kelonio_ | keh-lo-nee'oh
whale | _baleno_ | bah-leh'no
wing | _flugilo_ | floo-ghee'lo
wolf | _lupo_ | loo'po
wren | _regolo_ | reh-go'lo
5. Reptiles & Insects. (_Rampuloj kaj Insektoj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Ant | _formiko_ | fohrmee'ko
bee | _abelo_ | ah-beh'lo
beetle | _skarabo_ | skarah'bo
bug | _cimo_ | tsee'moh
butterfly | _papilio_ | pah-peelee'oh
caterpillar | _raŭpo_ | rahw'po
flea | _pulo_ | poo'lo
fly | _muŝo_ | moo'shoh
frog | _rano_ | rah'noh
gnat | _kulo_ | koo'lo
grasshopper | _akrido_ | ah-kree'doh
insect | _insekto_ | insek'toh
moth; --, clothes- | _faleno; tineo_ | fah-leh'no; teeneh'oh
silkworm | _silkraŭpo_ | silk-rahw'po
snail | _heliko_ | heh-lee'ko
snake | _serpento_ | sehr-pehn'toh
spider | _araneo_ | arah-neh'oh
sting | _pikilo_ | peekee'lo
toad | _bufo_ | boo'fo
wasp | _vespo_ | vehs'po
worm | _vermo_ | vehrr'mo
6. Fruits, Trees[2], Flowers & Vegetables (_Fruktoj, Arboj, Floroj, kaj
Legomoj._)
(For Shopping, see §. 52.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Acorn | _glano_ | glah'noh
almond | _migdalo_ | mig-dah'lo
apple | _pomo_ | poh'mo
apricot | _abrikoto_ | ahbree-ko'toh
ash | _frakseno_ | frahk-seh'noh
asparagus | _asparago_ | ahspah-rah'go
banana | _banano_ | bahnah'no
bark | _arbŝelo_ | ahrb-sheh'lo
beans | _faboj_ | fah'boy
beech (-tree) | _fago_ | fah'go
beetroot | _beto_ | beh'toh
birch (-tree) | _betulo_ | beh-too'lo
blackberry | _rubuso_ | roo-boo'so
bouquet | _bukedo_ | bookeh'do
branch | _branĉo_ | brahn'cho
buttercup | _ranunkulo_ | rahnoon-koo'lo
cabbage | _brasiko_ | brahsee'ko
carrot | _karoto_ | kahroh'toh
cauliflower | _florbrasiko_ | flohr'brah-see'ko
celery | _celerio_ | tseh-lehree'oh
cherry | _ĉerizo_ | chehree'zo
chestnut (edible) | _kaŝtano_ | kashtah'no
chrysanthemum | _krizantemo_ | krizahn-teh'mo
cucumber | _kukumo_ | kookoo'mo
currants (dried) | _korintoj_ | kohreen'toy
daisy | _lekanteto_ | leh-kahn-teh'toh
dandelion | _leontodo_ | leh-ontoh'doh
elm (-tree) | _ulmo_ | ool'mo
evergreen | _ĉiamverdulo_ | chee'ahm-vehrdoo'lo
fern | _filiko_ | feelee'ko
fibre | _fibro_ | fee'broh
fig | _figo_ | fee'go
fir (-tree) | _abio_ | ahbee'oh
flower | _floro_ | floh'roh
fruit-tree | _fruktarbo_ | frookt-ahr'bo
gooseberry | _groso_ | groh'so
grape | _vinbero_ | veenbeh'ro
holly | _ilekso_ | eelek'so
horse-chestnut | _hipo-kaŝtano_ | hee'po-kahshtah'no
horse-radish | _kreno_ | kreh'no
ivy | _hedero_ | heh-deh'ro
kernel | _kerno_ | kehrr'no
laurel | _laŭro_ | lahw'ro
leaf | _folio_ | fohlee'oh
lemon | _citrono_ | tsee-troh'no
lettuce | _laktuko_ | lahk-too'ko
lily | _lilio_ | leelee'oh
lily-of-the-valley | _konvalo_ | kohn-vah'lo
lime (fruit); | _limedo; tilio_ | leemeh'do; teelee'oh
-tree | |
maize | _maizo_ | mah-ee'zo
maple | _acero_ | aht-seh'ro
melon | _melono_ | meh-loh'no
misletoe | _visko_ | vees'ko
mulberry | _moruso_ | moh-roo'so
nettle | _urtiko_ | oortee'ko
nut; walnut | _nukso; juglando_ | nook'so; yooglahn'do
oak (-tree) | _kverko_ | kvehrr'ko
onion | _bulbo_ | bool'bo
orange | _oranĝo_ | ohrahn'jo
parsnip | _pastinako_ | pahstee-nah'ko
peach | _persiko_ | pehrr-see'ko
pear | _piro_ | pee'ro
peas | _pizoj_ | pee'zoy
pine-apple | _ananaso_ | ah-nahnah'so
plant | _kreskaĵo_ | kreskah'zho
plum | _pruno_ | proo'no
potatoes | _terpomo_ | tehrr-poh'mo
primrose | _primolo_ | pree-mo'lo
privet | _ligustro_ | lee-goost'ro
pumpkin | _kukurbo_ | kookoorr'bo
radishes | _rafanoj_ | rahfah'noy
raisins | _sekvinberoj_ | sek-vinbeh'roy
raspberry | _frambo_ | frahm'bo
root | _radiko_ | rahdee'ko
rose | _rozo_ | roh'zo
skin, shell (of | _ŝelo_ | sheh'lo
fruit) | |
sloe | _prunelo_ | prooneh'lo
spinach | _spinaco_ | speenaht'so
stalk, stem | _trunketo_ | troonkeh'toh
strawberry | _frago_ | frah'go
stump | _stumpo_ | stoom'po
tomato | _tomato_ | toh-mah'toh
tree | _arbo_ | ar'bo
trunk (tree-) | _trunko_ | troon'ko
tulip | _tulipo_ | toolee'po
turnip | _napo_ | nah'po
vegetable marrow | _medolkukurbo_ | mehdohl'kookoor'bo
vine | _vinberujo_ | vinbehr-oo'yoh
violet | _violo_ | vee-oh'lo
willow | _saliko_ | sahlee'ko
7. Colours. (_Koloroj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Black | _nigra_ | nee'gra
blue | _blua_ | bloo'ah
brown | _bruna_ | broo'na
crimson | _punca_ | poont'sah
dark | _malhela_ | mahl-heh'la
green | _verda_ | vehrr'da
grey | _griza_ | gree'za
light | _hela_ | heh'la
orange | _oranĝa_ | ohrahn'ja
pink | _rozkolora_ | rohz-kohlo'ra
purple | _purpura_ | poorr-poo'ra
red | _ruĝa_ | roo'ja
scarlet | _skarlata_ | skahr-lah'ta
violet | _violkolora_ | veeohl'kohlo'ra
white | _blanka_ | blahn'ka
yellow | _flava_ | flah'va
8. Times & Seasons. (_La Tempoj kaj la Sezonoj._)
(For Conversations, see §. 63.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Afternoon | _posttagmezo_ | post-tahg-meh'zo
Bank holidays | _bankaj libertagoj_ | bahn'kahy
| | lee-behrr-tah'goy
Good Friday | _Sankta Vendredo_ | sahnk'tah ven-dreh'doh
Easter Monday | _Paska lundo_ | pah'skah loon'doh
Whit-Monday | _Pentekosta lundo_ | penteh-ko'stah loon'doh
first Monday in | _la unua lundo en | lah oo-noo'ah loon'doh
August | Aŭgusto_ | en ahw-goo'sto
Boxing-day | _la tago post | lah tah'go post
| Kristnasko_ | krist-nah'sko
beginning | _komenciĝo_ | koh-ment-see'jo
birthday | _naskotago_ | nah'sko-tah'go
century | _centjaro_ | tsehnt-yah'ro
Christmas-day | _Kristnasko_ | krist-nah'sko
dawn, daybreak | _tagiĝo_ | tah-ghee'jo
day | _tago_ | tah'go
days of the week | _tagoj de la semajno_ | tah'goy deh la
| | sehmahy'no
Sunday | _dimanĉo_ | deemahn'cho
Monday | _lundo_ | loon'doh
Tuesday | _mardo_ | mahrr'doh
Wednesday | _merkredo_ | mehrr-kreh'doh
Thursday | _ĵaŭdo_ | zhahw'doh
Friday | _vendredo_ | vendreh'doh
Saturday | _sabato_ | sahbah'toh
Easter | _Pasko_ | pah'sko
end | _fino_ | fee'no
evening | _vespero_ | veh-speh'ro
fortnight | _du semajnoj_ | doo seh-mahy'noy
half | _duono_ | doo-oh'no
half-a-century | _duoncentjaro_ | doo-ohn'tsent-yah'ro
half-an-hour | _duonhoro_ | doo-ohn-ho'ro
holiday | _libertempo_ | libehr-tehm'po
hour | _horo_ | ho'ro
last month | _lastan monaton_ | lah'stahn monah'tohn
last night | _hieraŭ nokte_ | hee-eh'rahw nohk'teh
last Sunday | _lastan dimanĉon_ | lah'stahn deemahn'chon
last week | _lastan semajnon_ | lah'stahn seh-mahy'nohn
| |
leap year | _superjaro_ | soo'pehrr-yah'ro
Lent | _la Fastsezono_ | la fahst'seh-zo'no
Michaelmas | _la tago de Sankta | lah tah'go deh
| Miĥaelo_ | sahnk'tah
| | mee_kh_ah-eh'lo
midnight | _noktomezo_ | nohk'toh-meh'zo
midsummer | _somermezo_ | so-mehr-meh'zo
minute | _minuto_ | mee-noo'toh
month | _monato_ | mo-nah'toh
months, the | _la monatoj_ | la mo-nah'toy
January | _Januaro_ | yah-noo-ah'ro
February | _Februaro_ | feh-broo-ah'ro
March | _Marto_ | mahrr'toh
April | _Aprilo_ | ah-pree'lo
May | _Majo_ | mah'yo
June | _Junio_ | yoo-nee'oh
July | _Julio_ | yoo-lee'oh
August | _Aŭgusto_ | ahw-goost'oh
September | _Septembro_ | sep-tehm'bro
October | _Oktobro_ | ok-toh'bro
November | _Novembro_ | no-vehm'bro
December | _Decembro_ | deht-sehm'bro
morning | _mateno_ | mah-teh'no
next day | _la proksima(n) | la proksee'mah(n)
| tago(n)_[3] | tah'goh(n)
night | _nokto_ | nok'toh
noon | _tagmezo_ | tahg-meh'zo
quarter | _kvarono_ | kvah-ro'no
quarter of an hour | _kvaronhoro_ | kvah-rohn-ho'ro
season | _sezono_ | seh-zo'no
seasons | _la sezonoj_ | la seh-zo'noy
spring | _printempo_ | prin-tehm'po
summer | _somero_ | soh-mehr'o
autumn | _aŭtuno_ | ahw-too'no
winter | _vintro_ | vin'tro
second | _sekundo_ | seh-koon'doh
sunrise | _sunleviĝo_ | soon'leh-vee'jo
sunset | _sunsubiro_ | soon'soobeer'o
time | _tempo_ | tehm'po
to-day | _hodiaŭ_ | hoh-dee'ahw
to-morrow | _morgaŭ_ | morr'gahw
to-night | _hodiaŭ nokte_ | hoh-dee'ahw nok'teh
twilight | _krepusko_ | krehpoos'ko
week | _semajno_ | seh-mahy'no
week-day | _labortago_ | lahbohr-tah'go
Whitsuntide | _Pentekosto_ | penteh-kohs'toh
year | _jaro_ | yah'ro
yesterday | _hieraŭ_ | hee-eh'rahw
yesterday morning | _hieraŭ matene_ | hee-eh'rahw mahteh'neh
9. Town, Country and Agriculture. (_La Urbo, la Kamparo, kaj la
Terkulturo_).
(For Conversations, see §. 52.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Bank | _deklivo_ | deh-klee'vo
bank (edge) | _bordo_ | bohrr'doh
barley | _hordeo_ | hohrdeh'o
barn | _grenejo_ | greh-neh'yo
bridge | _ponto_ | pohn'toh
brook | _rivereto_ | reevehr-eh'toh
building | _konstruaĵo_ | kon-stroo-ah'zho
bush, shrub | _arbusto_ | ahrr-boo'sto
cattle | _brutoj_ | broo'toy
cemetery | _tombejo_ | tohm-beh'yo
clover | _trifolio_ | tree-fohl-ee'o
corn | _greno_ | greh'no
cottage | _dometo_ | doh-meh'toh
country, the | _la kamparo_ | lah kahm-pah'ro
courtyard | _korto_ | kohrr'toh
crop | _rikolto_ | ree-kohl'toh
dairy | _laktejo_ | lahk-teh'yo
ditch | _fosaĵo_ | foh-sah'zho
drain | _drenilo_ | drehn-ee'lo
farm | _farmbieno_ | fahrm'bee-eh'no
farmer | _farmisto_ | fahrm-ist'o
fence | _palisaro_ | pahlee-sah'ro
field | _kampo_ | kahm'po
flock (of sheep) | _ŝafaro_ | shahf-ah'ro
foot-path | _piedvojeto_ | pee-ehd'vo-yeh'toh
foot-pavement | _trotuaro_ | tro-tooahr'o
forest | _arbaro_ | ahr-bar'o
garden | _ĝardeno_ | jahrr-deh'no
gate | _barpordo_ | bahr-pohr'doh
grass | _herbo_ | hehrr'bo
harvest | _grenrikolto_ | grehn'reekohl'toh
hay | _fojno_ | foy'no
hedge | _plektobarilo_ | plek'toh-bahree'lo
herd | _bovaro_ | bo-vah'ro
high road | _ĉefvojo_ | chehf-vo'yoh
hotel | _hotelo_ | ho-teh'lo
hut | _kabano_ | kah-bah'noh
inn | _gastejo_ | gah-steh'yoh
labourer | _laboristo_ | lah-bo-reest'o
land, soil | _tero_ | tehr'o
library | _biblioteko_ | bib-lee-oh-teh'ko
log | _ŝtipo_ | shtee'po
manure | _sterko_ | stehrr'ko
market | _vendejo_ | vendeh'yo
market-place | _vendeja placo_ | vendeh'ya plaht'so
meadow | _herbejo_ | hehr-beh'yo
mile | _mejlo_ | mehy'lo
mill | _muelilo_ | moo-ehlee'lo
monument | _monumento_ | mo-noomehn'toh
oats | _aveno_ | ah-veh'no
palace | _palaco_ | pah-laht'so
place, spot | _loko_ | lo'ko
pasture | _paŝtejo_ | pah-shteh'yo
plough | _plugilo_ | ploo-ghee'lo
police-station | _policejo_ | pohleet-seh'yo
prison | _malliberejo_ | mahl-lee-beh-reh'yo
public-house | _trinkejo_ | trin-keh'yoh
restaurant | _restoracio_ | restohraht-see'o
river | _rivero_ | ree-veh'ro
road | _vojo_ | vo'yoh
rye | _sekalo_ | seh-kah'lo
school | _lernejo_ | lehrr-neh'yo
seed | _semo_ | seh'mo
shepherd | _paŝtisto_ | pah-shteest'o
shop | _butiko_ | bootee'ko
square | _placo_ | plaht'so
stack | _stako_ | stah'ko
street | _strato_ | strah'toh
street-lamp | _stratlanterno_ | straht'lahn-tehrr'no
tower | _turo_ | toor'o
town | _urbo_ | oorr'bo
town-hall | _urbdomo_ | oorrb-doh'mo
tramway | _tramvojo_ | trahm-vo'yoh
tree | _arbo_ | ahrr'bo
university | _universitato_ | oonivehr-seetah'toh
village | _vilaĝo_ | veelah'jo
waterfall | _akvofalo_ | ahk'vo-fah'lo
wheat | _tritiko_ | treetee'ko
10. Mankind: Relations. (_La Homaro: Parencoj_).
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Aunt | _onklino_ | ohn-klee'no
baby | _infaneto_ | infahn-eh'toh
boy | _knabo_ | knah'bo
bride | _edzinigato_ | ed-zeenee-gah'toh
bridegroom | _edzigato_ | edzee-gah'toh
brother | _frato_ | frah'toh
child | _infano_ | infahn'o
cousin | _kuzo_ m., _kuzino_ f. | koo'zo, koozee'no
daughter | _filino_ | feelee'no
daughter-in-law | _bofilino_ | bo-feelee'no
family | _familio_ | fahmee-lee'o
father | _patro_ | pah'tro
father-in-law | _bopatro_ | bo-pah'tro
gentleman, Mr. | _sinjoro_ | seenyohr'o
girl | _knabino_ | knah-bee'no
grand-daughter | _nepino_ | neh-pee'no
grandfather | _avo_ | ah'vo
grandmother | _avino_ | ah-vee'no
grandson | _nepo_ | neh'po
husband | _edzo_ | ehd'zo
lady, Mrs. | _sinjorino_ | seen-yohr-ee'no
man, a | _viro_ | vee'ro
man (human being) | _homo_ | ho'mo
marriage | _edziĝo_ | ed-zee'jo
mother | _patrino_ | pah-tree'no
mother-in-law | _bopatrino_ | bo-pah-tree'no
nephew | _nevo_ | neh'vo
niece | _nevino_ | neh-vee'no
parents | _gepatroj_ | gheh-pah'troy
people, the | _la popolo_ | lah po-po'lo
person | _persono_ | pehr-so'no
single man, | _fraŭlo_ | frahw'lo
bachelor | |
single woman, | _fraŭlino_ | frahw-lee'no
young lady, Miss | |
sister | _fratino_ | frah-tee'no
sister-in-law | _bofratino_ | bo-frahtee'no
son | _filo_ | fee'lo
step-son | _duonfilo_ | doo-ohn-fee'lo
uncle | _onklo_ | ohn'klo
widow | _vidvino_ | vid-vee'no
widower | _vidvo_ | veed'vo
wife | _edzino_ | ed-zee'no
woman | _virino_ | veeree'no
11. The Human Body. (_La Homa Korpo_).
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Abdomen | _ventro_ | vehn'tro
ankle | _maleolo_ | mah-leh-o'lo
arm | _brako_ | brah'ko
back | _dorso_ | dohrr'so
beard | _barbo_ | bahrr'bo
blood | _sango_ | sahn'go
body | _korpo_ | kohrr'po
bone | _osto_ | oh'sto
bowels | _intestoj_ | intess'toy
brain | _cerbo_ | tsehrr'bo
cheek | _vango_ | vahn'go
chest | _brusto_ | broo'sto
chin | _mentono_ | men-toh'no
complexion | _vizaĝkoloro_ | veezahj'ko-lohr'o
ear | _orelo_ | o-reh'lo
elbow | _kubuto_ | kooboo'toh
eye | _okulo_ | o-koo'lo
eyebrow | _brovo_ | bro'vo
eyelid | _palpebro_ | pahlpeh'bro
face | _vizaĝo_ | vee-zah'jo
finger | _fingro_ | feen'gro
foot | _piedo_ | pee-eh'doh
forehead | _frunto_ | froon'toh
hair, a; hair, -s | _haro; la haroj_ | ha'ro; la hah'roy
hand | _mano_ | mah'no
head | _kapo_ | kah'po
heart | _koro_ | ko'ro
heel | _kalkano_ | kahlkah'no
kidneys | _renoj_ | reh'noy
knee | _genuo_ | gheh-noo'oh
leg | _kruro_ | kroo'ro
limb | _membro_ | mehm'bro
lip | _lipo_ | lee'po
liver | _hepato_ | heh-pah'toh
lungs | _pulmoj_ | pool'moy
moustache | _lipharoj_ | leep-hah'roy
mouth | _buŝo_ | boo'sho
nail | _ungo_ | oon'go
neck | _kolo_ | ko'lo
nose | _nazo_ | nah'zo
shoulder | _ŝultro_ | shool'tro
side | _flanko_ | flahn'ko
skin | _haŭto_ | hahw'toh
spine | _spino_ | spee'no
stomach | _stomako_ | sto-mah'ko
temple | _tempio_ | tehmpee'oh
throat | _gorĝo_ | gohrr'jo
thumb | _dika fingro_ | dee'kah feen'gro
toe | _piedfingro_ | pee-ehd-feen'gro
tongue | _lango_ | lahn'go
tooth | _dento_ | dehn'toh
whiskers | _vangharoj_ | vahng-hah'roy
wrist | _karpeo_ | kahrr-peh'o
12. Physical & Mental Powers, Qualities, etc. (_Korpaj kaj Mensaj
Kapabloj, Ecoj, k.t.p._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Age | _aĝo_ | ah'jo
--, old | _maljuneco_ | mahl-yoon-eht'so
anger | _kolero_ | ko-leh'ro
art | _arto_ | ahrr'toh
breadth, width | _larĝeco_ | lahrr-jeht'so
character | _karaktero_ | kar-ahk-teh'ro
childhood | _infaneco_ | infahn-eht'so
depth | _profundeco_ | pro-foon-deht'so
dislike | _malameti_ | mah-lah-meh'tee
emotions | _emocioj_ | eh-moht-see'oy
fear | _timo_ | tee'mo
foolishness, folly | _malsaĝeco_ | mahl-sah-jeht'so
gentleness | _mildeco_ | meel-deht'so
goodness | _boneco_ | bo-neht'so
greatness | _grandeco_ | grahn-deht'so
hatred | _malamo_ | mahl-ah'mo
height | _grandeco_ | grahn-deht'so
stature | _staturo_ | stah-too'ro
honesty; | _honesteco; mal-_ | honest-eht'so; mahl-
dishonesty | |
honour; dishonour | _honoro; mal-_ | ho-noh'ro; mahl-
intellect | _intelekto_ | intelehk'toh
intelligence | _inteligenteco_ | intehlee-ghen-teht'so
joy | _ĝojo_ | joh'yo
judgment (faculty) | _juĝkapablo_ | yooj'kah-pah'blo
knowledge | _scio_ | stsee'oh
laughter; a laugh | _ridado; rido_ | ree-dah'doh; ree'doh
learning | _klereco_ | klehr-eht'so
length | _longeco_ | lohn-geht'so
love | _amo_ | ah'mo
manhood | _vireco_ | veer-eht'so
mind | _menso_ | mehn'so
patience | _pacienco_ | paht-see-ehnt'so
pleasure | _plezuro_ | pleh-zoor'o
politeness, | _ĝentileco_ | jehn-tee-leht'so
courtesy | |
reason (faculty) | _prudento_ | proo-dehn'toh
science | _scienco_ | stsee-ehnt'so
senses, the | _la sentoj_ | lah sehn'toy
feeling, touch | _palpado_ | pahl-pah'doh
hearing | _aŭdado_ | ahw-dah'doh
seeing, sight | _vidado_ | vee-dah'doh
smelling, smell | _flarado_ | flah-rah'do
tasting, taste | _gustumado_ | goostoom-ah'doh
shape | _formo_ | fohrr'mo
size | _amplekso_ | ahm-plek'so
smell (odour) | _odoro_ | oh-doh'ro
smiling; a smile | _ridetado; rideto_ | reedehtah'do;
| | reedeh'toh
sneezing; a sneeze | _ternado; terno_ | tehrr-nah'doh; tehrr'no
sorrow | _malĝojo_ | mahl-jo'yo
speaking, speech | _parolado_ | pah-ro-lah'doh
strength | _forteco_ | fohrr-teht'so
stupidity | _stulteco_ | stool-teht'so
surprise | _surprizo_ | soorr-pree'zo
taste (of a thing) | _gusto_ | goos'toh
thickness | _dikeco_ | dee-keht'so
thinking, thought | _pensado_ | pehn-sah'doh
thought, a | _penso_ | pehn'so
voice | _voĉo_ | vo'cho
weakness (quality) | _malforteco_ | mahl-fohrr-teht'so
wisdom | _saĝo_ | sah'jo
womanhood | _virineco_ | vee-ree-neht'so
youth (quality) | _juneco_ | yoo-neht'so
13. Health. (_La Sano._)
(For Conversations see §. 51.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Accident | _akcidento_ | ahkt-see-dehn'toh
ambulance | _ambulanco_ | ahm-boo-lahnt'so
bandage | _bandaĝo_ | bahn-dah'jo
biliousness | _galmalsano_ | gahl-mahl-sah'no
blister | _veziketo_ | veh-zee-keh'toh
bruise | _kontuzo_ | kon-too'zo
burn | _brulvundo_ | brool-voon'doh
chemist's (shop) | _apoteko_ | ahpo-teh'ko
chilblain | _frostabsceso_ | frohst-ahbs-tseh'so
chill, cold | _malvarmumo_ | mahl-vahr-moo'mo
contagion | _kontaĝio_ | kon-tahjee'o
corns | _kaloj_ | kah'loy
cough | _tuso_ | too'so
cramp | _krampfo_ | krahmp'fo
dentist | _dentisto_ | dehn-tis'toh
diarrhœa | _lakso_ | lahk'so
diet | _dieto_ | dee-eht'o
disease, illness | _malsano_ | mahl-sah'no
doctor | _kuracisto_ | koo-raht-sis'toh
dysentery | _disenterio_ | dis-ehn-teh-ree'o
exercise | _ekzercado_ | ek-zehrt-sah'do
exhaustion | _ellaciĝo_ | ellaht-see'jo
to faint | _sveni_ | sveh'nee
fainting | _sveno_ | sveh'no
fever | _febro_ | feh'bro
fit | _atako (epilepsia)_ | ah-tah'ko
| | (eh-peelep-see'ah)
fracture | _ostrompo_ | ost-rohm'po
gout | _podagro_ | po-dah'gro
headache | _kapdoloro_ | kahp-dolohr'o
hospital | _hospitalo_ | hospit-ah'lo
ill, sick | _malsana_ | mahl-sah'nah
indigestion | _dispepsio_ | dis-pep-see'o
inflammation | _inflamo_ | inflah'mo
lame | _lama_ | lah'ma
medicine | _medicino_ | med-eet-see'no
nurse | _flegistino_ | fleh-ghis-tee'no
ointment | _ungvento_ | oong-vehn'toh
operation | _operacio_ | oh-peh-raht-see'o
pain | _doloro_ | doh-lohr'o
paralysis | _paralizo_ | pa-rah-lee'zo
physician | _medicinisto_ | mehdit-seen-eest'o
pill | _pilolo_ | pee-lo'lo
poison | _veneno_ | veh-neh'no
poultice | _kataplasmo_ | kah-tah-plahs'mo
prescription | _recepto_ | reht-sep'toh
rest | _ripozado_ | ree-po-zah'doh
scald | _brogo_ | broh'go
sea-sickness | _marmalsano_ | mahr-mahl-sah'no
sprain | _tordvundo_ | tohrd-voon'doh
sting | _pikvundo_ | peek-voon'doh
tonic | _stimulilo_ | stimoolee'lo
unwell, to be | _farti malbone_ | fahrr'tee mahlbo'neh
well, to be | _farti bone_ | fahrr'tee bo'neh
wound | _vundo_ | voon'doh
14. Food & Drink. (_Manĝaĵoj kaj Trinkaĵoj._)
(For Conversations see §§. 48-50.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Appetite | _apetito_ | ah-peh-tee'toh
beverages | _trinkaĵoj_ | trin-kah'zhoy
beer | _biero_ | bee-ehr'o
chocolate | _ĉokolado_ | cho-ko-lah'doh
cocoa | _kakao_ | kah-kah'o
coffee | _kafo_ | kah'fo
lemonade | _citronakvo_ | tsee-trohn-ahk'vo
milk | _lakto_ | lahk'toh
soda water | _sodakvo_ | sohd-ahk'vo
tea | _teo_ | teh'o
water | _akvo_ | ahk'vo
wine | _vino_ | vee'no
bill-of-fare | _manĝokarto_ | mahn'jo-kahr'toh
biscuits | _biskvitoj_ | bisk-vee'toy
bread | _pano_ | pah'no
brown bread | _bruna pano_ | broo'nah pah'no
new bread | _freŝa pano_ | freh'shah pah'no
stale bread | _malfreŝa pano_ | mahl-freh'shah pah'no
rolls | _bulkoj_ | bool'koy
hot roll | _varma bulko_ | vahr'mah bool'ko
boiled | _bolkuirita_ | bohl'koo-eeree'tah
bottle | _botelo_ | boh-teh'lo
butter | _butero_ | boo-tehr'o
cake | _kuko_ | koo'ko
cheese | _fromaĝo_ | fro-mah'jo
chicken | _kokidaĵo_ | koh-keed-ah'zho
cinnamon | _cinamo_ | tsee-nah'mo
cooked; un- | _kuirita; ne-_ | koo-eeree'tah; neh-
cream | _kremo_ | kreh'mo
custard | _flano_ | flah'no
dessert | _deserto_ | deh-sehr'toh
eggs | _ovoj_ | oh'voy
fish, dried | _sekigita fiŝo_ | seh-kee-ghee'tah
| | fee'sho
--, fresh | _freŝa fiŝo_ | freh'shah fee'sho
flour | _faruno_ | fah-roo'no
fowl | _kokaĵo_ | koh-kah'zho
fruits | _fruktoj_ | frook'toy
ginger | _zingibro_ | zin-ghee'bro
honey | _mielo_ | mee-eh'lo
hunger | _malsato_ | mahl-sah'toh
ice, an | _glaciaĵo_ | glahtsee-ah'zho
jam, preserve | _konfitaĵo_ | konfee-tah'zho
marmalade | _marmelado_ | mahr-meh-lah'do
meals | _manĝoj_ | mahn'joy
breakfast | _matenmanĝo_ | maht-ehn-mahn'jo
dinner | _ĉefmanĝo_ | chehf-mahn'jo
luncheon | _lunĉo_ | loon'cho
tea | _teomanĝo_ | teh'o-mahn'jo
supper | _vespermanĝo_ | vespehr-mahn'jo
meat | _viando_ | vee-ahn'doh
bacon | _lardo_ | lahr'doh
beef | _bovaĵo_ | bo-vah'zho
beefsteak | _bifsteko_ | beef-steh'ko
fat | _graso_ | grah'so
ham | _ŝinko_ | sheen'ko
kidneys | _renoj_ | reh'noy
lamb | _ŝafidaĵo_ | shah-feedah'zho
lean | _malgraso_ | mahl-grah'so
mutton | _ŝafaĵo_ | shah-fah'zho
mutton cutlet | _ŝafkotletoj_ | shahf'kot-leh'toy
pork | _porkaĵo_ | pohrr-kah'zho
sausage | _kolbaso_ | kohl-bah'so
veal | _bovidaĵo_ | bo-veed-ah'zho
mustard | _mustardo_ | moos-tahr'doh
oil | _oleo_ | o-leh'o
omelet, an | _omeleto_ | oh-meh-leh'toh
pancake | _krespo_ | kreh'spo
pastry | _kukaĵoj_ | koo-kah'zhoy
pepper | _pipro_ | pee'pro
pie | _pasteĉo_ | pahs-teh'cho
poultry | _kortbirdaĵo_ | kort-beerr-dah'zho
pudding | _pudingo_ | poo-deen'go
rice | _rizo_ | ree'zo
roast(ed) | _rostita_ | roh-stee'tah
salad | _salato_ | sah-laht'o
salt | _salo_ | sah'lo
sauce, gravy | _saŭco_ | sahwt'so
smoking | _fumado_ | foo-mah'doh
cigar | _cigaro_ | tsee-gahr'o
cigarette | _cigaredo_ | tsee-gahr-eh'doh
matches | _alumetoj_ | ahloo-meh'toy
pipe | _pipo_ | pee'po
tobacco | _tabako_ | tah-bah'ko
tobacco-pouch | _tabakujo_ | tah-bah-koo'yo
soup | _supo_ | soo'po
sugar | _sukero_ | soo-kehr'o
sweets | _dolĉaĵoj_ | dohl-chah'zhoy
thirst | _soifo_ | so-eef'o
toothpick | _dentpurigilo_ | dent'pooree-ghee'lo
under-done | _ne elkuirita_ | neh elkoo-eeree'tah
vegetables | _legomoj_ | leh-go'moy
vinegar | _vinagro_ | vee-nah'gro
well-done | _elkuirita_ | el-koo-eeree'tah
15. Cooking & Table Utensils. (_Kuiraj kaj Manĝaj Iloj._)
(For Conversations See §§. 48-50.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Basin | _pelvo_ | pehl'vo
coffee-pot | _kafpoto_ | kahf-po'toh
corkscrew | _korktirilo_ | kork-teeree'lo
cruet-stand | _kondimentujo_ | kondimehntoo'yo
cup | _taso_ | tah'so
decanter | _karafo_ | kah-rah'fo
dish | _plado_ | plah'do
dish-cover | _pladkovrilo_ | plahd'ko-vree'lo
filter | _filtrilo_ | fil-tree'lo
fork | _forko_ | fohrr'ko
frying-pan | _pato_ | pah'toh
glass, tumbler | _glaso_ | glah'so
grill | _rostokrado_ | ro'sto-krah'doh
jug | _kruĉo_ | kroo'cho
kettle | _bolilo_ | bo-lee'lo
knife | _tranĉilo_ | trahn-chee'lo
lid | _kovrilo_ | ko-vree'lo
mat | _mato_ | mah'toh
nut-crackers | _nuksrompilo_ | nooks-rompee'lo
oven | _bakforno_ | bahk-fohr'no
plate | _telero_ | teleh'ro
salt-cellar | _salujo_ | sah-loo'yo
saucepan | _kaserolo_ | kah-sehr-oh'lo
saucer | _tastelero_ | tahss-teleh'ro
serviette | _buŝtuko_ | boosh-too'ko
(soup-)ladle | _(sup)kulerego_ | (soop')koo-lehr-eh'go
spoon | _kulero_ | koo-leh'ro
stove | _forno_ | fohrr'no
strainer | _kribrokulero_ | kree'bro-koo-leh'ro
table-cloth | _tablotuko_ | tah'blo-too'ko
teapot | _te-poto_ | teh-po'toh
tea-spoon | _te-kulero_ | teh-kooleh'ro
tray | _pleto_ | pleh'toh
water-bottle | _akvokarafo_ | ahk'vo-karah'fo
wine-glass | _vinglaso_ | veen-glah'so
16. Dress & the Toilet. (_La Vestoj kaj la Tualeto._)
(See also Washing List, following, and Conversations §. 53-56.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Bath | _bano_ | bah'no
bodice | _korsaĵo_ | kor-sah'zho
bonnet | _kufo_ | koo'fo
bootlaces | _laĉoj_ | lah'choy
boots | _botoj_ | bo'toy
bow | _banto_ | bahn'toh
bracelet | _braceleto_ | braht-seh-leht'o
braces | _ŝelko_ | shehl'ko
breeches | _pantaloneto_ | pahn-tah-lo-neh'toh
brooch | _broĉo_ | bro'cho
brush | _broso_ | bro'so
brush, clothes- | _vestbroso_ | vest-bro'so
--, nail- | _ungobroso_ | oon'go-bro'so
--, tooth- | _dentbroso_ | dent-bro'so
buckle | _buko_ | boo'ko
button | _butono_ | boo-to'no
button-hook | _butontirilo_ | boo-tohn'tee-ree'lo
cap | _ĉapeto_ | cha-peh'toh
cloak | _mantelo_ | mahn-teh'lo
clothing, dress | _vestaĵo_ | vestah'zho
coat | _vesto_ | veh'sto
comb | _kombilo_ | kohm-bee'lo
corsets, stays | _korseto_ | kor-seh'toh
dress, gown | _robo_ | ro'bo
evening dress | _frako_ | frah'ko
eye-glasses | _nazumo_ | na-zoo'mo
frock-coat | _redingoto_ | red-ingo'toh
gaiters | _gamaŝoj_ | gah-mah'shoy
garters | _ŝtrumpligiloj_ | shtroom-plee-ghee'loy
gloves | _gantoj_ | gahn'toy
hairpin | _harpinglo_ | har-peen'glo
hat | _ĉapelo_ | chahpeh'lo
hatpin | _ĉapelpinglo_ | chapehl-peen'glo
jacket | _jako_ | yah'ko
jewellery | _juveloj_ | yoo-veh'loy
knot | _nodo_ | no'do
linen | _tolaĵo_ | to-lah'zho
lining | _subŝtofo_ | soob-shtoh'fo
looking-glass, | _spegulo_ | speh-goo'lo
mirror | |
material (dress, | _ŝtofo_ | shtoh'fo
etc.) | |
calico | _kalikoto_ | kahlee-ko'toh
cloth | _drapo_ | drah'po
cotton | _katuno_ | kahtoo'no
crape | _krepo_ | kreh'po
flannel | _flanelo_ | flahneh'lo
flannelette | _flaneleto_ | flahneh-leh'toh
fur | _pelto_ | pehl'toh
lace | _punto_ | poon'toh
leather | _ledo_ | leh'doh
linen | _tolo_ | toh'lo
muslin | _muslino_ | mooss-lee'no
print | _katuno_ | kahtoo'no
satin | _atlaso_ | ahtlah'so
silk | _silko_ | seel'ko
velvet | _veluro_ | vel-oor'o
velveteen | _felpo_ | fehl'po
wool | _lano_ | lah'no
morning-coat | _ĵako_ | zhah'ko
muff | _mufo_ | moo'fo
needle | _kudrilo_ | koo-dree'lo
overcoat | _palto_ | pahl'toh
parasol | _sunombrelo_ | soon-ombreh'lo
petticoat | _subjupo_ | soob-yoo'po
pins | _pingloj_ | peen'gloy
pocket | _poŝo_ | po'sho
pocket-book | _poŝlibro_ | pohsh-lee'bro
purse | _monujo_ | mo-noo'yo
razor | _razilo_ | rahzee'lo
ribbon | _rubando_ | roo-bahn'doh
ring | _ringo_ | reen'go
scissors | _tondilo_ | tohndee'loh
sewing-cotton | _kotonfadeno_ | ko-tohn'fah-deh'no
sewing-silk | _silkfadeno_ | silk-fahdeh'no
shawl | _ŝalo_ | shah'lo
shoe-horn | _ŝukorno_ | shoo-kohr'no
shoes | _ŝuoj_ | shoo'oy
skirt | _jupo_ | yoo'po
sleeve | _maniko_ | mah-nee'ko
slippers | _pantofloj_ | pahn-toh'floy
soap | _sapo_ | sah'po
spectacles | _okulvitroj_ | okool-vee'troy
sponge | _spongo_ | spohn'go
stud | _kolumbutono_ | koloom'boo-toh'no
suit (clothes) | _kompleto_ | kom-pleh'toh
tape | _rubandeto_ | roobahn-deh'toh
thimble | _fingringo_ | fin-green'go
thread | _fadeno_ | fah-deh'no
tie, neck-tie | _kravato_ | krah-vah'toh
tooth-powder | _dentpulvoro_ | dent-pool-vo'ro
trousers | _pantalono_ | pahn-tahlo'no
tunic | _tuniko_ | too-nee'ko
umbrella | _pluvombrelo_ | ploov-ombreh'lo
veil | _vualo_ | voo-ah'lo
waistcoat | _veŝto_ | vesh'toh
walking-stick | _irbastono_ | eer-bah-sto'no
watch | _poŝhorloĝo_ | pohsh-horlo'jo
waterproof (coat) | _pluvmantelo_ | ploov-mahn-teh'lo
17. Washing List. (_Lavlisto._)
(For Conversations see §. 56.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Aprons | _antaŭtukoj_ | ahn'tahw-too'koy
blankets | _lanaj litkovriloj_ | lah'nahy
| | leet'ko-vree'loy
blouses | _bluzoj_ | bloo'zoy
bodices | _korsaĵoj_ | kohr-sah'zhoy
chemises | _ĉemizoj virinaj_ | cheh-mee'zoy
| | vee-reen'ahy
collars, lace | _puntaj kolumoj_ | poon'tahy ko-loo'moy
collars, linen | _tolaj kolumoj_ | to'lahy ko-loo'moy
combinations | _kombinaĵoj_ | kom-been-ah'zhoy
cuffs | _manumoj_ | mah-noo'moy
drawers, pairs of | _kalsonoj_ | kahl-so'noy
dresses | _roboj_ | ro'boy
dressing-gowns | _negliĝroboj_ | neh-gleej-ro'boy
dusters | _viŝtukoj_ | veesh-too'koy
handkerchiefs, | _naztukoj_ | nahz-too'koy
pocket | |
--, silk | _silkaj naztukoj_ | seel'kahy nahz-too'koy
napkins (child's) | _tuketoj_ | tookeh'toy
neckties | _kravatoj_ | krahvah'toy
night-shirts, | _noktoĉemizoj_ | nok'toh-cheh-mee'zoy
-dresses | |
flannel petticoats | _flanelaj subjupoj_ | flaneh'lahy soobyoo'poy
pillow-cases | _kapkuseningoj_ | kahp'koo-seh-neen'goy
pinafores | _antaŭtuketoj_ | ahn'tahw-too-keh'toy
pyjamas (suits) | _piĝamoj_ | pee-jah'moy
serviettes | _buŝtukoj_ | boosh-too'koy
sheets | _littukoj_ | leet-too'koy
shirts | _ĉemizoj viraj_ | cheh-mee'zoy veer'ahy
sleeves | _manikoj_ | mah-nee'koy
socks | _ŝtrumpetoj_ | shtroom-peh'toy
stockings | _ŝtrumpoj_ | shtroom'poy
silk stockings | _silkaj ŝtrumpoj_ | seel'kahy shtroom'poy
table-cloths | _tablotukoj_ | tah'blo-too'koy
towels | _manviŝiloj_ | mahn-vee-shee'loy
under-vests | _kamizoloj_ | kah-mee-zo'loy
waistcoats | _veŝtoj_ | vesh'toy
--, flannel | _flanelaj veŝtoj_ | fla-neh'lahy vesh'toy
18. The House and Furniture. (_La Domo kaj la Meblaro._)
(For Shopping see §. 53.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Ante-room | _antaŭĉambro_ | ahn'tahw-chahm'bro
armchair | _brakseĝo_ | brahk-seh'jo
ashes | _cindro_ | tseen'dro
ash-pan | _cindrujo_ | tsin-droo'yo
attic | _mansardo_ | mahn-sahrr'doh
basket | _korbo_ | kohrr'bo
bathroom | _banĉambro_ | bahn-chahm'bro
bedstead, bed | _lito_ | lee'toh
bedroom | _dormoĉambro_ | dohr'mo-chahm'bro
bell | _sonorilo_ | so-no-ree'lo
blind | _rulkurteno_ | rool-koor-teh'no
bolster | _transkuseno_ | trahns-koo-seh'no
bolt | _riglilo_ | reeglee'lo
book | _libro_ | lee'bro
book-case | _libroŝranko_ | lee'bro-shrahn'ko
book-shelf | _librobreto_ | lee'bro-breh'toh
box | _skatolo_ | skah-toh'lo
bracket | _krampobreto_ | krahmpo-breh'toh
brick | _briko_ | bree'ko
broom | _balailo_ | ba-la-ee'lo
burner | _flamingo_ | flah-meen'go
candle | _kandelo_ | kahn-deh'lo
candlestick | _kandelingo_ | kahn-deh-leen'go
carpet | _tapiŝo_ | tah-pee'sho
ceiling | _plafono_ | plah-fo'no
cellar | _kelo_ | keh'lo
chair, seat | _seĝo_ | seh'jo
chamber-utensil | _necesujo_ | neht-seh-soo'yo
chandelier, lustre | _lustro_ | loo'stro
chest of drawers | _tirkestaro_ | teer'kest-ah'ro
clock | _horloĝo_ | hohrr-lo'jo
coals | _karbo_ | kahrr'bo
couch | _kanapo_ | kah-nah'po
counterpane | _litkovrilo_ | leet'ko-vree'lo
court-yard | _korto_ | kohr'toh
cradle | _lulilo_ | loo-lee'lo
cupboard | _ŝranko_ | shrahn'ko
curtain | _kurteno_ | koor-teh'no
cushion | _kuseno_ | koo-seh'no
dining-room | _manĝoĉambro_ | mahn'jo-chahm'bro
dinner-waggon | _telertablo_ | telehr-tah'blo
door | _pordo_ | pohrr'doh
door-handle | _anso_ | ahn'so
drawing-room | _akcepta salono_ | ahk-tsep'tah sah-lo'no
dresser | _telermeblo_ | telehr-meh'blo
feather-bed | _plumlito_ | ploom-lee'toh
fender | _fajrbarilo_ | fire-bah-ree'lo
fire | _fajro_ | fah'y-ro (fire-oh)
fire-place | _fajrejo_ | fahy-reh'yo
flame | _flamo_ | flah'mo
floor | _planko_ | plahn'ko
floor, story | _etaĝo_ | ehtah'jo
footstool | _skabelo_ | skah-beh'lo
furniture, piece | _meblo_ | meh'blo
of | |
garden | _ĝardeno_ | jahr-deh'no
gas | _gaso_ | gah'so
gas-bracket | _gas-brako_ | gahss-brah'ko
grate | _fajrujo_ | fahy-roo'yo
hall (entrance) | _vestiblo_ | vestee'blo
hand-basin | _lavujo_ | lah-voo'yo
(hearth-)rug | _(kamen)tapiŝeto_ | (kah-mehn')
| | tah-pee-sheh'toh
house | _domo_ | doh'mo
key | _ŝlosilo_ | shlo-see'lo
kitchen | _kuirejo_ | koo-ee-reh'yo
lamp | _lampo_ | lahm'po
landing | _etaĝ-placeto_ | ehtahj'plaht'seh'toh
larder | _manĝaĵejo_ | mahn-jah-zheh'yo
latch | _levriglilo_ | lehv-reeglee'lo
library | _biblioteko_ | bib-lee-o-teh'ko
linoleum | _linolo_ | lee-no'lo
lock | _seruro_ | seh-roo'ro
mantel-piece | _kamenbreto_ | kah-mehn'breh'toh
mat | _mato_ | mah'toh
mattress | _matraco_ | maht-raht'so
oil-cloth | _vakstolo_ | vahks-toh'lo
ornament | _ornamo_ | ohr-nah'mo
passage | _trairejo_ | trah-eer-eh'yo
piano | _fortepiano_ | fohrr-teh-pee-ah'no
picture | _bildo_ | beel'doh
pillow | _kapkuseno_ | kahp'koo-seh'no
poker | _fajrincitilo_ | fire-int-sit-ee'lo
porch | _portiko_ | pohr-tee'ko
rack (for dishes, | _raŭfo_ | rahw'fo
&c.) | |
roof | _tegmento_ | teg-mehn'toh
room | _ĉambro_ | chahm'bro
screen | _skreno_ | skreh'no
scullery | _vazlavejo_ | vahz'lah-veh'yo
shovel | _ŝovelilo_ | sho-veh-lee'lo
sideboard | _bufedo_ | boo-feh'do
sink | _pladlavujo_ | plahd-lah-voo'yo
smoke | _fumo_ | foo'mo
sofa | _sofo_ | so'fo
soot | _fulgo_ | fool'go
spark | _fajrero_ | fahy-reh'ro
staircase | _ŝtuparo_ | shtoo-pahr'o
stairs, steps | _la ŝtupoj_ | lah shtoo'poy
suite (of rooms) | _apartamento_ | ahpahrr-tah-mehn'toh
table | _tablo_ | tah'blo
tapestry | _tapeto_ | tah-peh'toh
tile (of roof) | _tegolo_ | teh-go'lo
umbrella-stand | _ombrelujo_ | ohm-breh-loo'yo
vase | _vazo_ | vah'zo
wall | _muro_ | moo'ro
wall-paper | _murpapero_ | moor-pa-peh'roh
water-closet | _necesejo_ | neht-seh-seh'yo
(w.c.) | |
window | _fenestro_ | fen-eh'stro
writing-desk | _pupitro_ | poo-pee'tro
19. Travelling: By Road & Rail. (_La Vojaĝado: per Vojo kaj Fervojo._)
(For Conversations, see §. 42.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Arrival | _alveno_ | ahl-veh'no
bill | _kalkulo_ | kahl-koo'lo
booking-office | _biletejo_ | beeleht-eh'yo
box (of carriage) | _kondukseĝo_ | kondook-seh'jo
brake | _bremso_ | brehm'so
bridle | _brido_ | bree'doh
cabman, coachman | _veturigisto_ | vehtoo-ree-ghist'o
carriage | _kaleŝo_ | kahleh'sho
change, to | _vagonŝanĝi_ | vah-gohn-shahn'jee
cloak-room | _deponejo_ | deh-po-neh'yo
coach | _diliĝenco_ | dee-lee-jehnt'so
coffee-room | _kafejo_ | kah-feh'yo
communication-cord | _danĝerŝnuro_ | dahn-jehr-shnoor'o
compartment | _kupeo_ | koo-peh'o
conductor | _konduktoro_ | kon-dooktoh'ro
cushion | _kuseno_ | koo-seh'no
custom-house | _dogano_ | doh-gah'no
custom-house | _doganisto_ | doh-gah-nist'o
officer | |
departure | _ekveturo_ | ek-vehtoo'ro
electric, | _elektra_ | eh-lehk'tra
electrical | |
electricity | _elektro_ | eh-lehk'tro
embankment (rail.) | _taluso_ | tah-loo'so
engine | _lokomotivo_ | lo-komo-tee'vo
entrance | _enirejo_ | eneer-eh'yo
excursion | _ekskurso_ | eks-koorr'so
exit | _elirejo_ | ehleer-eh'yo
express (train) | _ekspreso_ | eks-preh'so
fare | _veturprezo_ | vehtoor-preh'zo
fast train | _rapidira vagonaro_ | rahpee-dee'rah
| | vahgo-nah'ro
foot-warmer | _piedvarmigilo_ | pee-ehd'vahrmee-ghee'lo
full | _plena_ | pleh'na
guide | _gvidisto_ | gvee-dist'o
guide-book | _gvidlibro_ | gveed'lee'bro
hansom-cab | _fiakro_ | fee-ah'kro
hat-box | _ĉapelujo_ | chah-peh-loo'yo
hotel | _hotelo_ | ho-teh'lo
inside (of | _interno_ | in-tehr'no
vehicle) | |
interpreter | _interpretisto_ | intehr-preh-tist'o
journey | _vojaĝo_ | vo-yah'jo
journey (train, | _veturo_ | vehtoo'ro
etc.) | |
junction | _vojkuniĝo_ | voy'koonee'jo
key | _ŝlosilo_ | shlo-see'lo
label | _etikedo_ | eh-tikeh'doh
landlady | _mastrino_ | mah-stree'no
landlord | _mastro_ | mah'stro
lavatory | _lavejo_ | lah-veh'yo
lodging | _loĝejo_ | lo-jeh'yo
luggage | _pakaĵoj_ | pah-kah'zhoy
motor | _motoro_ | mo-tohr'o
motor 'bus | _motorbuso_ | mo-tohr-boo'so
motor-car | _aŭtomobilo_ | ahw-toh-mo-bee'lo
omnibus | _omnibuso_ | omnee-boo'so
outside (of | _imperialo_ | impeh-ree-ah'lo
vehicle) | |
package | _pakaĵo_ | pah-kah'zho
payment | _pago_ | pah'go
platform | _fervoja perono_ | fehr-vo'yah peh-ro'no
porter | _portisto_ | pohr-tist'o
portmanteau | _valizo_ | vah-lee'zo
rack (for parcels, | _raŭfo_ | rah'w-fo
&c.) | |
railway | _fervojo_ | fehr-vo'jo
railway-carriage | _vagono_ | vah-go'no
railway-station | _fervoja stacio_ | fehr-vo'yah
| | staht-see'oh
receipt | _kvitanco_ | kvitahnt'so
reins | _kondukiloj, | kondoo-kee'loy,
| gvidrimenoj_ | gveed'ri-meh'noy
reserved | _rezervita_ | rehzehr-vee'ta
rug | _tegilo_ | teh-ghee'lo
saddle | _selo_ | seh'lo
seat | _loko_ | lo'ko
signal | _signalo_ | seeg-nah'lo
start, the | _la ekveturo_ | la ek-veh-too'ro
station-master | _staciestro_ | staht-see-est'ro
strap | _rimeno_ | ree-meh'no
terminus | _finstacio_ | feen-staht-see'oh
ticket | _bileto_ | beeleh'toh
time-table | _veturhoraro_ | vehtoor'horah'ro
tour | _rondvojaĝo_ | rohnd-voyah'jo
tourist | _turist-o, -ino_ | toor-ist'o, -ee'no
track | _relvojo_ | rehl-vo'yo
train | _vagonaro_ | vah-go-nah'ro
tram-car | _tramveturilo_ | trahm'vehtoor-ee'lo
tramway | _tramvojo_ | trahm-vo'yo
travel, to (train, | _veturi_ | vehtoo'ree
&c.) | |
trunk | _kofro_ | ko'fro
tube (railway) | _tubfervojo_ | toob-fehr-vo'yo
tunnel | _tunelo_ | too-neh'lo
underground | _subtera_ | soob-teh'rah
valise, hand-bag | _valizeto_ | vah-leezeh'toh
waiter | _kelnero_ | kel-nehr'o
waiting-room | _atendejo_ | ahtehn-deh'yo
20. Travelling: by Ship. (_Marveturado._)
(For Conversations see §. 43.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Alongside, to come | _albordiĝi_ | ahlbohrdee'jee
anchor | _ankro_ | ahn'kro
berth | _dormujo_ | dorr-moo'yo
boat | _boato_ | bo-ah'toh
boiler | _kaldrono_ | kahl-dro'no
bow | _antaŭo_ | antah'wo
buoy | _buo_ | boo'oh
cabin | _kajuto_ | kah-yoo'toh
cable | _kablo_ | kah-blo
captain | _kapitano_ | kahpee-tah'no
compass | _kompaso_ | kom-pah'so
crane | _argano_ | ahrrgah'no
crew | _ŝipanaro_ | sheepah-nah'ro
deck | _ferdeko_ | fehr-deh'ko
disembark | _elŝipiĝi_ | el-shipee'jee
dock | _doko_ | do'ko
to embark | _enŝipiĝi_ | en-shipee'jee
engineer | _maŝinisto_ | mahshee-nist'o
fishing-boat | _fiŝbarko_ | feesh-bahr'ko
flag | _flago_ | flah'go
gangway | _pasponteto_ | pahss'pon-teh'toh
harbour, port | _haveno_ | hahveh'no
helm, rudder | _direktilo_ | deerek-tee'lo
hold | _holdo_ | hohl'do
to land | _surteriĝi_ | soortehr-ee'jee
landing-stage, | _enŝipiĝejo_ | en-shipee-jeh'yo
pier | |
life-belt | _savzono_ | sahv-zo'no
life-boat | _savŝipo_ | sahv-shee'po
lighthouse | _lumturo_ | loom-toor'o
mast | _masto_ | mah'sto
oar | _remilo_ | reh-mee'lo
paddle-wheel | _padelrado_ | pah-dehl-rah'doh
passenger | _pasaĝero_ | pah-sah-jehr'o
pilot | _piloto_ | pee-loh'toh
port-hole | _fenestreto_ | fehneh-streh'toh
quay | _kajo_ | kah'yo
rope | _ŝnuro_ | shnoor'o
sail | _velo_ | veh'lo
sailing-ship | _velŝipo_ | vehl-shee'po
saloon, first | _unua klaso_ | oonoo'ah klah'so
class | |
screw-propeller | _pelŝraŭbo, helico_ | pehl-shrahw'bo,
| | heh-leet'so
seaman, sailor | _maristo_ | mahr-ist'o
ship | _ŝipo_ | shee'po
start, to | _ekveturi_ | ek-vehtoor'ee
steam-boat, -ship | _vaporŝipo_ | vahpohr-shee'po
steerage, third | _tria klaso_ | tree'ah klah'so
class | |
steersman | _direktilisto_ | deerek-tee-list'o
stern | _posto_ | post'o
steward | _provizisto_ | pro-vee-zist'o
stewardess | _servistino_ | sehr-vis-tee'no
tug | _trenŝipo_ | trehn-shee'po
voyage | _vojaĝo_ | vo-yah'jo
21. Countries & Nations.[4] (_Landoj kaj Nacioj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Africa | _Afriko_ | ah-free'ko
America | _Ameriko_ | ah-mehree'ko
American | _Amerikano_ | ah-mehree-kah'no
Asia | _Azio_ | ah-zee'oh
Australia | _Aŭstralio_ | ahw-strahlee'oh
Austria | _Aŭstrio_ | ahw-stree'oh
Belgium | _Belgujo_ | belhgoo'yo
Canada | _Kanado_ | kahnah'doh
China | _Ĥinujo_ | _kh_eenoo'yo
Chinese, the | _la Ĥinoj_ | la _kh_ee'noy
Denmark | _Danujo_ | dahnoo'yo
Dutchman | _Holandano_ | holahn-dah'no
empire | _imperio_ | impeh-ree'oh
England | _Anglujo_ | ahn-gloo'yo
English, the | _la Angloj_ | la ahn'gloy
Englishman | _Anglo_ | ahn'glo
Europe | _Eŭropo_ | ehw-ro'po
France | _Francujo_ | frahnt-soo'yo
French, the | _la Francoj_ | la frahnt'soy
Frenchman | _Franco_ | frahnt'so
German | _Germano_ | ghehrr-mah'no
Germany | _Germanujo_ | ghehrr-mahnoo'yo
Holland | _Holando_ | holahn'doh
India | _Indio_ | indee'oh
Ireland | _Irlando_ | eerrlahn'doh
Irish, the | _la Irlandanoj_ | la eerrlahn-dah'noy
Irishman | _Irlandano_ | eerlahn-dah'no
Italian | _Italo_ | eetah'lo
Italy | _Italujo_ | eetahloo'yo
Japan | _Japanujo_ | yah-pahnoo'yo
Japanese, the | _la Japanoj_ | la yahpah'noy
kingdom | _regno_ | rehg'no
Norway | _Norvegujo_ | norrveh-goo'yo
republic | _respubliko_ | rehspooblee'ko
Russia | _Rusujo_ | roosoo'yo
Scotland | _Skotujo_ | sko-too'yo
Scotch, the | _la Skotoj_ | la sko'toy
Scotchman | _Skoto_ | sko'to
Spain | _Hispanujo_ | hispah-noo'yo
United States, the | _la Unuigitaj Ŝtatoj_ | la oonooee-ghee'tahy
| | shtah'toy
Sweden | _Svedujo_ | svehdoo'yo
Switzerland | _Svisujo_ | svisoo'yo
Turkey | _Turkujo_ | toorkoo'yo
Wales | _Kimrujo_ | kimroo'yo
Welsh, the | _la Kimroj_ | la kim'roy
22. Recreation and Amusement. (_La Ludado kaj Amuzado._)
(For Conversations see §. 57.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Ball (dance) | _balo_ | bah'lo
balloon | _balono_ | bahloh'no
balloonist | _aerostatisto_ | ah-ehro-stah-tist'o
circus | _cirko_ | tseerr'ko
concert | _koncerto_ | kont-sehr'toh
accompanist | _akompanist-o, -ino_ | ahkompah-nist'o, -ee'no
audience | _aŭdantaro_ | ahwdahn-tah'ro
bass | _baso_ | bah'so
chorus (singers) | _ĥoro_ | _kh_oh'ro
conductor | _orkestrestro_ | orkest-rest'ro
instruments | _instrumentoj_ | instroo-mehn'toy
--, brass | _latunaj instrumentoj_ | lah-too'nahy
| | instroo-mehn'toy
--, reed | _anĉinstrumentoj_ | ahnch'instroo-mehn'toy
--, string | _kordinstrumentoj_ | kohrrd'instroomehn'toy
music | _muziko_ | moo-zee'ko
organ | _orgeno_ | ohr-geh'no
pianist | _fortepianist-o, -ino_ | fohr'teh-pee-ahn-
| | ist'o, -een'o
piano | _fortepiano_ | fohr'teh-pee-ah'no
programme | _programo_ | pro-grah'mo
recital | _muzika seanco_ | moozee'kah seh-ahnt'so
recitation | _deklamo_ | deh-klah'mo
seats | _benkoj_ | behn'koy
--, (un)reserved | _(ne)rezervitaj lokoj_ | (neh)rehzehr-vee'tahy
| | lo'koy
singer | _kantant-o, -ino_ | kahntahnt'-o, -een'o
--, | _kantist-o, -ino_ | kahntist'-o, -een'o
(professional) | |
solo; duet | _solo; duo_ | solo; doo'oh
song | _kanto_ | kahn'toh
soprano | _soprano_ | so-prah'no
tenor | _tenoro_ | teh-nohr'o
ticket | _bileto_ | beeleh'toh
violin | _violono_ | vee-ohlo'no
exhibition | _ekspozicio_ | eks-pozit-see'oh
fête | _festo_ | feh'sto
flower-show | _flor-ekspozicio_ | flohr'eks-pozit-see'o
flying machine | _aerveturilo_ | ah-ehr'veh-tooree'lo
limelight-views | _lumprojekcioj_ | loom'pro-yekt-see'oy
museum | _muzeo_ | moo-zeh'o
picture-gallery | _bildogalerio_ | bil'doh-galeh-ree'o
refreshment-room | _bufedo_ | boo-feh'doh
sports and games | _sportoj kaj ludoj_ | spor'toy kahy loo'doy
bathing; to | _banado; bani_ | ba-nah'doh; bah'nee
bathe | |
billiards | _bilardo_ | bilahr'doh
boating, to go | _promeni boate_ | pro-meh'nee bo-ah'teh
box, to | _boksi_ | bok'see
boxing-match | _vetbokso_ | veht-bok'so
chess | _ŝako_ | shah'ko
cricket | _kriketo_ | krikeh'toh
draughts | _damoj_ | dah'moy
fishing | _fiŝkaptado_ | fish'kahptah'doh
to fish | _fiŝ-kapti_ | fish-kahp'tee
to go fishing | _iri fiŝkapti_ | ee'ree fish-kahp'tee
fishing-line | _hokfadeno_ | hohk'fahdeh'no
fishing-net | _fiŝreto_ | fish-reh'toh
fishing-rod | _fiŝkaptilo_ | fish-kahp-tee'lo
hunting; to hunt | _ĉasado; ĉasi_ | chahsah'doh; chah'see
fox-hunt | _vulpĉaso_ | voolp-chah'so
huntsman | _ĉasisto_ | chahsist'o
match | _vetludo_ | veht-loo'doh
playing; to play | _ludado; ludi_ | loo-dah'doh; loo'dee
races | _ĉevalkuroj_ | chehvahl-koo'roy
grand-stand | _ĉeftribuno_ | chehf-triboo'no
jockey | _ĵokeo_ | zho-keh'o
race-course | _vetkurejo_ | veht-koo-reh'yo
rowing; to row | _remado; remi_ | reh-mah'doh; reh'mee
shooting | _pafĉasado_ | pahf-chah-sah'doh
ammunition | _municio_ | moonit-see'o
bullet, ball | _kuglo_ | koo'glo
cartridge | _kartoĉo_ | kahr-toh'cho
game-bag | _ĉasosako_ | chah'so-sah'ko
gun | _pafilo_ | pah-fee'lo
shot | _pafaĵo_ | pah-fah'zho
to shoot | _pafi_ | pah'fee
skating; to | _glitumado; glitumi_ | glitoomah'doh;
skate | | glitoo'mee
spectator | _spektatoro_ | spek-tah-tohr'o
swimming; to | _naĝado; naĝi_ | najah'do; nah'jee
swim | |
tennis | _teniso_ | tehnee'so
to wrestle | _lukti_ | look'tee
tent | _tendo_ | tehn'doh
theatre | _teatro_ | teh-ah'tro
act | _akto_ | ahk'toh
--, to | _ludi rolon_ | loo'dee ro'lohn
actor, actress | _aktoro, aktorino_ | ahktohr'o, ahktoree'no
auditorium | _aŭditorio_ | ahw-ditohr-ee'o
ballet | _baleto_ | baleh'toh
boxes | _loĝioj_ | lo-jee'oy
box-office | _lokoficejo_ | loh'ko-fit-seh'yo
cloak-room | _deponejo_ | dehponeh'yo
comedian | _komediisto_ | komeh-dee-ist'o
curtain | _kurteno_ | koor-teh'no
dance | _danco_ | dahnt'so
dancer | _dancist-o, -ino_ | dahntsist'-o, -een'o
exit | _elirejo_ | ehlee-reh'yo
footlights | _planklampoj_ | plahnk-lahm'poy
gallery | _galerio_ | galeh-ree'o
manager | _direktoro_ | deerektoh'ro
music-hall | _muzikhalo_ | moozeek-ha'lo
opera | _opero_ | opeh'ro
opera-glasses | _lorno_ | lohrr'no
opera-house | _operejo_ | opeh-reh'yo
orchestra, band | _orkestro_ | orkest'ro
pit | _partero_ | pahr-tehr'o
play | _teatraĵo_ | teh-atrah'zho
scene | _sceno_ | stseh'no
scenery (theat.) | _scenpentraĵo_ | stsehn-pentrah'zho
stage | _scenejo_ | stseh-neh'yo
stage-manager | _reĝisoro_ | reh-jee-sohr'o
stalls | _foteloj (orkestraj)_ | fo-teh'loy
| | (orkest'rahy)
23. Cycling. (_Ciklismo._)
(See also Motoring, following, and Conversations §§. 58-59.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Accessories | _akcesoraĵoj_ | ahk-tseh-sorah'zhoy
acetylene | _acetileno_ | aht-sehtee-leh'no
axle | _akso_ | ahk'so
back-pedal, to | _retropedali_ | reh'tro-pehdah'lee
ball bearings | _kuglokusenoj_ | koo'glo-koo-seh'noy
bell | _tintilo_ | tin-tee'lo
bicycle | _biciklo_ | bit-see'klo
bolt (screw-) | _bolto_ | bohl'toh
brake | _bremso_ | brehm'so
cement | _cemento_ | tseh-mehn'toh
chain | _ĉeno_ | cheh'no
chainless | _senĉena_ | sen-cheh'nah
chain-regulator | _ĉenĝustigilo_ | chehn'joostig-ee'lo
chain-wheel | _granda dentrado_ | grahn'da dent-rah'doh
clutch | _konektumo_ | kohnek-too'mo
cone | _konuso_ | ko-noo'so
crank | _kranko_ | krahn'ko
crank-pin | _krankokejlo_ | krahn'ko-keh'y-lo
crooked | _malrekta_ | mahlrek'tah
cycle-shop | _biciklobutiko_ | bitsee'klo-boo-tee'ko
cycling race | _vetbiciklado_ | veht'bitsee-klah'doh
cycling track | _bicikla dromo_ | bitsee'klah dro'mo
cyclist | _(bi)ciklisto_ | (bee)tsee-klist'o
lady cyclist | _(bi)ciklistino_ | (bee)tsee-klist-ee'no
cyclometer | _ciklometro_ | tsee-klo-meh'tro
detachable | _deprenebla_ | deh-preneh'blah
dismount, to | _deseliĝi_ | deh-seh-lee'jee
dress-guard | _robŝirmilo_ | rohb'sheer-mee'lo
duster | _viŝilo_ | veeshee'lo
electro-plate, to | _nikeli_ | neekeh'lee
enamel, to | _emajli_ | emah'y-lee
foot-rests | _piedapogiloj_ | pee-ehd'apoh-ghee'loy
foot-step | _ŝtupo_ | shtoo'po
fork | _forko_ | fohr-ko
frame | _kadro_ | kah'dro
free-wheel | _libera rado_ | leebeh'ra rah'doh
free-wheel, to | _liberiri_ | leebeh-ree'ree
friction | _frotado_ | fro-tah'doh
gear | _rapidumo_ | rahpee-doo'mo
high gear | _granda rapidumo_ | grahn'da rahpeedoo'mo
low gear | _malgranda rapidumo_ | mahl-grahn'da
| | rahpee-doo'mo
two-speed gear | _du-rapidumo_ | doo'rahpee-doo'mo
gear-case | _ĉenujo_ | cheh-noo'yo
geared to | _kun rapidumo de..._ | koon rahpeedoo'mo deh
gearing | _dentaĵo_ | dentah'zho
handle-bar | _gvidilo_ | gveedee'lo
handles, grips | _tenilo_ | teh-nee'lo
hub | _aksingo_ | ahk-seen'go
indiarubber | _kaŭĉuko_ | kahw-choo'ko
indiarubber | _kaŭĉuka solvaĵo_ | kahw-choo'ka
solution | | sol-vah'zho
inner tube | _interna tubo_ | intehr'nah too'bo
lamp | _lanterno_ | lantehr'no
lamp-bracket | _lanternhoko_ | lahn-tehrn'ho'ko
lamp-wick | _meĉo_ | meh'cho
light up, to | _lumigi_ | loo-mee'ghee
link | _ĉenero_ | cheh-neh'ro
lubricator | _olekapsulo_ | oleh'kapsoo'lo
lubricator | _kapsulkovrilo_ | kapsool'ko-vree'lo
protector | |
luggage-carrier | _pakportilo_ | pahk'pohr-tee'lo
map | _landkarto_ | lahnd-kar'toh
mount, to | _surseliĝi_ | soor-sehl-ee'jee
mudguard | _kotkaptilo_ | koht-kaptee'lo
nut | _ŝraŭbingo_ | shrahw-been'go
nut, safety- | _fiksa ŝraŭbingo_ | feek'sa shrahw-been'go
oil for burning | _lumoleo_ | loom-oleh'o
--, lubricating | _ŝmiroleo_ | shmeer-oleh'o
oil-can | _oleujeto_ | ohleh-oo-yeh'toh
outer cover | _volvaĵo_ | vohl-vah'zho
pedal | _pedalo_ | peh-dah'lo
pedal-rubber | _pedalkaŭĉuko_ | pedahl'kahw-choo'ko
pedal-brake | _pedala bremso_ | peh-dah'la brehm'so
pneumatic tyre | _pneŭmatika bendo_ | pnehw-matee'ka behn'doh
pump | _pumpilo_ | poom-pee'lo
pump up, to | _ŝveligi_ | shveh-leeg'ee
pump-tube | _pumpiltubo_ | poom-peel-too'bo
to put together, | _munti_ | moon'tee
fit up to | |
rag | _ĉifono_ | chifo'no
repair, to | _ripari_ | ripah'ree
repairing outfit | _riparilaro_ | ripah-ree-lah'ro
ride a bicycle, to | _bicikli_ | bit-see'klee
rim | _radrondo_ | rahd-rohn'doh
rim-brake | _radronda bremso_ | rahd-rohn'da brehm'so
rivet | _vinkto_ | vink'toh
saddle | _selo_ | seh'lo
saddle-bag | _selsaketo_ | sehl'sah-keh'toh
saddle-pillar | _selkolono_ | sehl-kolo'no
screw | _ŝraŭbo_ | shrahw'-bo
screw, to | _ŝraŭbi_ | shrahw'-bee
screw-bolt of | _ĉenbolto_ | chehn-bohl'toh
chain | |
screwdriver | _ŝraŭbturnilo_ | shrahwb-toor-nee'lo
spanner | _ŝraŭbilo_ | shrahw-bee'lo
spokes | _radioj_ | rah-dee'oy
spring | _risorto_ | risohr'toh
start, to | _ekiri_ | ekeer'ee
steer, to | _gvidi_ | gvee'dee
strap | _rimeno_ | reemeh'no
take to pieces, to | _malmunti_ | mahl-moon'tee
tighten up, to | _streĉi_ | streh'chee
toe-clip | _piedingo_ | pee-ehd-een'go
tricycle | _triciklo_ | tritsee'klo
trousers-clip | _pantalonpinĉilo_ | pantalohn'pin-chee'lo
unscrew, to | _malŝraŭbi_ | mahl-shrahw'-bee
valve | _valvo_ | vahl'vo
valve-cap | _valvkovrilo_ | vahlv'ko-vree'lo
valve-tubing | _valvtubaĵo_ | vahlv'too-bah'zho
wheel, back | _posta rado_ | po'stah rah'doh
--, front | _antaŭa rado_ | antah'wah rah'doh
24. Motoring. (_Aŭtomobilismo._)
(See also Cycling above, and Conversations §. 58-59.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Accumulator | _akumulatoro_ | ahkoomoo-lahtohr'o
battery | _baterio_ | bahteh-ree'oh
brake-collar | _bremsorubando_ | brehm'so-roobahn'doh
break down (stop), | _panei_ | pahneh'ee
to | |
cam | _kamo_ | kah'mo
carburator | _karburatoro_ | karboo-rahtohr'o
chain adjustment | _ĉenĝustigilo_ | chehn-joosti-ghee'lo
charge, to | _ŝargi_ | shahr'ghee
chassis | _ĉasio_ | chah-see'oh
chauffeur, driver | _veturigisto_ | vehtoo-reeghist'oh
claw | _ungo_ | oon'go
contact-breaker | _kontakt-rompilo_ | kontahkt'-rompee'lo
(trembler) | |
driving pinion | _pelrado_ | pehl-rah'doh
elbow | _kubuto_ | kooboo'toh
electric motor | _elektra motoro_ | ehlek'tra motohr'o
evaporate, to | _vaporiĝi_ | vahpohr-ee'jee
exhaust | _gasforfluo_ | gahss-fohrfloo'oh
exhaust-box | _silentigujo_ | seelehn-tigoo'yo
(silencer) | |
exhaust-valve | _forflua valvo_ | fohrfloo'ah vahl'vo
feed-pump | _nutro-pumpilo_ | noo'tro-poompee'lo
fill, to | _plenigi_ | plehnee'ghee
flaw | _difektaĵo_ | difek-tah'zho
fly-wheel | _inertrado_ | in-ehrt-rah'doh
garage | _remizo_ | rehmee'zo
gas | _gaso_ | gah'so
generator | _generatoro_ | ghenehrahtohr'o
goggles | _okulvitroj_ | okool-vee'troy
gradient | _deklivo_ | dehklee'vo
handle | _tenilo_ | tehnee'lo
hooter | _blekilo_ | blehkee'lo
horse-power | _ĉevalpovo_ | chehvahl-po'vo
ignition | _ignito, ignitigilo_ | ignee'toh,
| | igniteeghee'lo
leakage | _ellaso_ | el-lah'so
lever | _levilo_ | lehvee'lo
motor | _motoro_ | mohtohr'o
-- car | _aŭtomobilo_ | ahwtomobee'lo
-- lamp | _lanterno_ | lahn-tehr'no
packing | _stupo_ | stoo'po
petrol | _petrolo_ | pehtro'lo
pressure, high | _altpremo_ | alt-preh'mo
--, low | _malaltpremo_ | mahlalt-preh'mo
rack (lifter) | _rako_ | rah'ko
reservoir, tank | _rizervujo_ | rizehr-voo'yo
reversing lever | _irmaligilo_ | eer'mahleeghee'lo
spare tyre | _krom-bendo_ | krohm-behn'doh
spark | _sparko_ | spahr'ko
sparking-plug | _sparkilo_ | spahrkee'lo
speed, full | _plena rapideco_ | pleh'na rahpideht'so
--, high | _granda rapideco_ | grahn'da rahpideht'so
--, low | _malgranda rapideco_ | mahlgrahn'da
| | rapideht'so
speed-changing | _rapidŝanĝa mekanismo_ | rahpeed-shahn'jah
gear | | mekanis'mo
starting-gear | _ekiriga mekanismo_ | ekeeree'gah mekanees'mo
starting handle | _ekirigilo_ | eh-keereeghee'lo
steering bar | _gvidstango_ | gveed-stahn'go
tap | _krano_ | krah'no
throw into gear, | _konekti_ | konek'tee
to | |
throw out of gear, | _malkonekti_ | mahlkonek'tee
to | |
25. Photography. (_La Fotografarto._)
(For Conversations see §. 60.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Amateur | _amatoro_ | amah-tohr'o
background | _fono_ | fo'no
--, cloth | _tola fono_ | toh'la fo'no
backing paper | _fonpapero_ | fohn-papehr'o
bath, positive | _pozitiva bano_ | pozitee'va bah'no
--, silver | _arĝentbano_ | arjehnt-bah'no
bulb | _bulbo_ | bool'bo
bulging | _konveksigo_ | konvek-see'go
burnisher | _polurilo_ | poloor-ee'lo
cameo | _kameo_ | kameh'o
camera | _fotografilo, kamero_ | foto-grafee'lo,
| | kameh'ro
-- bellows | _balgo_ | bahl'go
camera, hand | _mankamero_ | mahnkamehr'o
--, stand | _stativkamero_ | stateev'kamehr'o
cutting moulds | _tranĉkalibrilo_ | trahnch'kalibree'lo
dark-room lamp | _ruĝa lanterno_ | roo'jah lantehr'no
dark slide | _kaseto (duobla)_ | kahseh'toh (doo-oh'bla)
(double) | |
developing | _rivelado_ | reeveh-lah'do
dipper | _trempilo_ | trehm-pee'lo
dishes | _kuvetoj_ | koo-veh'toy
-- for developing | _rivelkuvetoj_ | rivehl'koo-veh'toy
-- for fixing | _fikskuvetoj_ | fiks-koo-veh'toy
-- for toning | _tonigbanoj_ | toh-neeg-bah'noy
draining rack | _sekigilo_ | sekighee'lo
dry plates | _sekaj platoj_ | seh'kahy plah'toy
enlargement | _pligrandigo_ | plee-grandee'go
exposure | _espozo_ | espo'zo
--, snap | _momenta espozo_ | momehn'ta espozo
--, time | _daŭra espozo_ | dahw'rah espo'zo
fade, to | _malnetiĝi_ | mahl-netee'jee
flash lamp | _magnezia lumigilo_ | magneh-zee'ah
| | loomi-ghee'lo
films | _filmoj_ | feel'moy
fixing | _fiksado_ | fik-sah'doh
focus | _fokuso_ | fo-koo'so
focus, to | _enfokusigi_ | enfo-koo-see'ghee
focussing glasses | _lupeo_ | loopeh'o
funnel | _funelo_ | fooneh'lo
glass measure | _gradigita mezurilo_ | gradee-ghee'ta
| | mezoo-ree'lo
half-length | _duonlonga_ | doo-ohn-lohn'gah
half-tone | _duontono_ | doo-ohn-toh'no
intensifying | _densigo_ | den-see'go
iris diaphragm | _irisdiafragmo_ | eereess-dee-afrahg'mo
lens | _lenso_ | lehn'so
--, cap of | _lenskovrilo_ | lehnss-kovree'lo
mount, to | _munti_ | moon'tee
negative | _negativo_ | nehgah-tee'vo
over-exposed | _hiperespozita_ | heepehr-espo-zee'ta
photograph | _fotografaĵo_ | foto-grafah'zho
photographer | _fotografisto_ | foto-grahfist'o
plate | _plato_ | plah'to
plate-holder | _platkaseto_ | plaht-kaseh'toh
plate-lifter | _platlevilo_ | plaht-leh-vee'lo
platinotypes | _platinotipoj_ | plah-teeno-tee'poy
printing | _impresi_ | impreh'see
printing frame | _premkaseto_ | prehm-kaseh'toh
printing-out paper | _senrivela papero_ | sen-reeveh'la papeh'ro
scales and weights | _pesilo kaj peziloj_ | pehsee'loh kahy
| | pehzee'loy
sensitised | _impresebla_ | impreh-seh'blah
shutter | _obturatoro_ | obtoo-rah-tor'o
snap-shot | _maldaŭra kapto_ | mahldahw'rah kahp'toh
speed indicator | _daŭrindikilo_ | dahw'r-indikee'lo
spirit-level | _nivelilo_ | neeveh-lee'lo
spot, stain | _makulo_ | makoo'lo
squeegee | _senakvigilo_ | sen-ahkvee-gee'lo
stand | _stativo_ | statee'vo
transparent | _diafana_ | dee-afah'nah
tripods (twofold) | _tripiedo (faldebla)_ | tree-pee-eh'doh
| | (fahl-deh'bla)
under-exposed | _subespozita_ | soob'espo-zee'tah
varnishing | _lakizo_ | lah-kee'zoh
view-finder | _celilo_ | tseh-lee'lo
vignetting-board | _duonombrigilo_ | doo-ohn'ombrighee'lo
26. Religion. (_Religio._)
(For Conversations, see §. 61.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Absolution | _absolvo_ | absohl'vo
aisle | _flanknavo_ | flahnk-nah'vo
altar | _altaro_ | altah'ro
baptism | _bapto_ | bahp'toh
belfry | _sonorilejo_ | sonoh-reeleh'yo
Bible | _Biblio_ | biblee'oh
breviary | _breviero_ | brehvee-ehr'o
burial | _enterigo_ | entehree'go
cardinal | _kardinalo_ | kar-deenah'lo
cathedral | _katedralo_ | kateh-drah'lo
cemetery | _tombejo_ | tombeh'yo
chapel | _kapelo_ | kahpeh'lo
choir (place) | _ĥorejo_ | _kh_oreh'yo
choir (singers) | _ĥoro_ | _kh_oh'ro
Christian | _kristano_ | kris-tah'no
Christianity | _kristanismo_ | kristah-nees'mo
church | _preĝejo_ | preh-jeh'yo
Church (as a body) | _la Eklezio_ | la eklehzee'oh
clergyman | _ekleziulo_ | eklehzee-oo'lo
Communion | _komunio_ | komoonee'oh
confession | _konfeso_ | kon-feh'so
congregation | _adorantaro_ | adohrahn-tah'ro
convent | _monaĥejo_ | mona_kh_eh'yo
Creator, the | _Kreinto_ | kreh-in'toh
cross | _kruco_ | kroot'so
crucifix | _krucifikso_ | kroot-sifik'so
fast-day | _fastotago_ | fah'sto-tah'go
festival | _festo_ | feh'sto
font | _baptujo_ | bahp-too'yo
funeral | _funebra ceremonio_ | fooneh'brah
| | tsereh-mo-nee'oh
God | _Dio_ | dee'oh
heaven | _ĉielo_ | chee-eh'lo
hell | _infero_ | infehr'o
Holy Ghost | _la Sankta Spirito_ | la sahnk'ta speeree'toh
(Spirit) | |
hymn; -book | _himno; himnaro_ | him'no; him-nah'ro
lectern | _legpupitro_ | lehg-poopee'tro
litany | _litanio_ | litahnee'oh
liturgy | _liturgio_ | litoorghee'oh
Lord, the | _la Sinjoro_ | la sinyoh'ro
mass, high | _alta meso_ | ahl'tah meh'so
--, low | _malalta meso_ | mal-ahl'tah meh'so
matins | _matenpreĝoj_ | mahtehn-preh'joy
missal | _meslibro_ | mehss-lee'bro
nave | _navo_ | nah'vo
offertory (R.C.) | _ofertorio_ | ohfehr-toree'oh
-- (collection) | _monkolekto_ | mohn-kolek'toh
papal | _papa_ | pah'pa
penance | _pentofaro_ | pehn'toh-fah'ro
pew | _benko_ | behn'ko
Pope | _Papo_ | pah'po
prayer | _preĝo_ | preh'jo
prayer-book | _preĝaro_ | prehjah'ro
priest, pastor | _pastro_ | pah'stro
Protestant | _Protestanto_ | proteh-stahn'toh
pulpit | _katedro_ | kateh'dro
Roman Catholic | _Romkatoliko_ | rohm'katohlee'ko
sacrament | _sakramento_ | sakrah-mehn'toh
salvation | _savo_ | sah'vo
Saviour, the | _la Savinto_ | la sahveen'toh
sermon | _prediko_ | prehdee'ko
service, divine | _diservo_ | dee-sehr'vo
service, evening | _vespera diservo_ | vespeh'ra dee-sehr'vo
--, morning | _matena diservo_ | mateh'na dee-sehr'vo
sitting, seat | _sidloko_ | seed-lo'ko
synagogue | _sinagogo_ | sinahgo'go
tabernacle | _tabernaklo_ | tabehr-nah'klo
transept | _transepto_ | trahnsehp'toh
truth | _vero_ | vehr'o
verger | _pedelo_ | pehdeh'lo
vespers | _vesperpreĝoj_ | vespehr-preh'joy
vestry, sacristy | _sakristio_ | sakris-tee'oh
worship | _adorado_ | adoh-rah'do
worship, to | _adori_ | adoh'ree
27. Professions and Trades. (_Profesioj kaj Metioj_)
(For Shopping, etc., see §§. 53-56.)
NOTE.--The names of workers in the various trades and professions are
formed by adding the suffix *-ist* to the root-word. Thus: _vendi_, to
sell--_vendisto_, a salesman; _lampo_, a lamp--_lampvendisto_, a
lamp-seller, _lampfaristo_, a lamp manufacturer; _maro_, sea--_maristo_,
a sailor; _akrigi_, to sharpen--_akrigisto_, a grinder, etc.
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Architect | _arĥitekto_ | ar_kh_itek'toh
artist | _artisto_ | artist'o
baker | _bakisto_ | bah-kist'o
banker | _bankiero_ | bahnkee-ehr'o
barber | _barbiro_ | barbeer'o
bookseller | _librovendisto_ | lee'bro-vendisto
butcher | _buĉisto_ | boo-chist'o
carpenter, joiner | _ĉarpentisto_ | charr-pehntist'o
chambermaid | _ĉambristino_ | chahmbristee'no
chemist | _farmaciisto_ | fahrmaht-see-ist'o
clerk | _skribisto_ | skreebist'o
compositor | _kompostisto_ | kom-postist'o
confectioner | _konfitisto_ | konfeetist'o
consul | _konsulo_ | kon-soo'lo
cook | _kuirist-o, -ino_ | koo-eerist'-o, -ee'no
editor | _redaktoro_ | redahk-tohr'o
engineer | _inĝeniero_ | injehnee-ehr'o
fisherman | _fiŝkaptisto_ | fish'kaptist'o
fishmonger | _fiŝvendisto_ | fish'vendist'o
florist | _floristo_ | flo-rist'o
fruiterer | _fruktovendisto_ | frook'toh-vendist'o
glazier | _vitristo_ | veetrist'o
goldsmith | _oraĵisto_ | ohrah-zhist'o
governess | _guvernistino_ | goovehr-nistee'no
greengrocer | _legomvendisto_ | legohm'vendist'o
grocer | _spicisto_ | speet-sist'o
hairdresser | _frizisto_ | free-zist'o
hatter | _ĉapelisto_ | chapeh-list'o
hosier | _ŝtrumpaĵisto_ | shtroompah-zhist'o
ironmonger | _feraĵvendisto_ | fehrahzh'vendist'o
jeweller | _juvelisto_ | yoo-veh-list'o
journalist | _ĵurnalisto_ | zhoor-nalist'o
labourer | _penlaboristo_ | pehn'labohrist'o
lawyer | _advokato_ | ahdvokah'toh
maid-servant | _servistino_ | sehr-vistee'no
man-servant | _servisto_ | sehr-vist'o
mason | _masonisto_ | mahsonist'o
mechanic | _maŝinisto_ | mahsheenist'o
merchant | _negocisto_ | negoht-sist'o
miller | _muelisto_ | moo-ehlist'o
mother's-help | _helpistino_ | helpistee'no
nurse | _flegistino_ | fleh-ghistee'no
nursemaid | _vartistino_ | vahrtistee'no
optician | _optikisto_ | opteekist'o
plumber | _plumbisto_ | ploombist'o
policeman | _policano_[5] | polit-sah'no
printer | _presisto_ | preh-sist'o
saddler | _selisto_ | sehlist'o
shoemaker | _ŝuisto_ | shoo-ist'o
shopkeeper | _butikisto_ | bootikist'o
smith | _forĝisto_ | fohrjist'o
stationer | _paperaĵisto_ | pa-perah-zhist'o
student | _studento_ | stoodehn'toh
tailor | _tajloro_ | tahy-loh'ro
teacher | _instruisto_ | instroo-ist'o
tobacconist | _tabakvendisto_ | tabahk'vendist'o
tradesman | _komercisto_ | komehrt-sist'o
tutor | _guvernisto_ | goovehrnist'o
waiter, waitress | _kelnero, kelnerino_ | kelneh'ro,
| | kel-nehr-ee'no
workman | _laboristo_ | labohrist'o
28. Legal Terms. (_Leĝaj Terminoj._)
(For Conversations see §. 66.)
English | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Accused, the | _la akuzato_ | la ahkoozah'toh
acquittal | _malakuzo_ | mahlahkoo'zo
to advance (money) | _pruntedoni_ | proon'teh-doh-nee
agreement, an | _kontrakto_ | kontrahk'toh
alibi, an | _alibio_ | ahleebee'oh
allege, to | _alegi_ | ahleh'ghee
apology, an | _pardonpeto_ | pahrdohn-peh'toh
appeal; to -- | _apelo; apeli_ | ahpeh'lo; ahpeh'lee
arrangement, | _interkonsento_ | in'tehr-konsehn'toh
agreement | |
arrears | _restantaj ŝuldoj_ | rehstahn'tahy shool'doy
arrest, to | _aresti_ | ahreh'stee
attest, to | _atesti_ | ahteh'stee
attorney | _prokuratoro_ | prokoorah-toh'ro
authorise, to | _rajtigi_ | rahy-tee'ghee
award, an | _aljuĝo_ | ahl-yoo'jo
award, to | _aljuĝi_ | ahl-yoo'jee
bail | _kaŭcio_ | kahwtsee'oh
bailiff | _juĝplenumisto_ | yooj'plehnoomist'oh
bond (for loan) | _pruntkontrakto_ | proont'kontrahk'toh
case (suit) | _proceso_ | prohtseh'so
charge, to | _akuzi_ | ahkoo'zee
client | _kliento_ | klee-ehn'toh
complainant, the | _la plendanto_ | la plendahn'toh
contract | _kontrakto_ | kontrahk'toh
conviction, a | _kondamno_ | kondahm'noh
costs | _proceskosto_ | prohtsehs-kost'oh
court of justice | _tribunalo_ | treeboonah'lo
criminal, a | _krimulo_ | krim-oo'lo
damages | _monkompenso_ | mohn'kompehn'so
decision (of case) | _decido_ | dehtsee'doh
deed | _akto_ | ahk'toh
defend, to | _defendi_ | dehfehn'dee
defendant (in a | _la akuzato_ | la ahkoozah'toh
suit) | |
document | _dokumento_ | dokoomehn'toh
evidence | _evidenco_ | ehvidehnt'so
execution (of | _subskribigo_ | soobskreebee'go
deed) | |
-- (of a judgment) | _plenumo_ | plehnoo'mo
executor | _administranto_ | ahdministrahn'to
fee (of office) | _honorario_ | honoh-rahree'oh
fine (penalty) | _monpuno_ | mohn-poo'no
information, to | _denunci_ | dehnoont'see
give | |
informer | _denunc-anto, -into_[6] | dehnoonts-ahn'toh,
| | -in'toh
injunction | _injunkcio_ | inyoonk-tsee'oh
inventory | _inventario_ | invehn-tahree'oh
jail | _malliberejo_ | mahllibehr-ehyo
judge, the | _juĝisto_ | yoojist'oh
jurisdiction | _juĝorajto_ | yoo'jo-rah'y-toh
jurisprudence | _juro_ | yoo'ro
law-suit | _proceso_ | proht-seh'so
non-suit, to | _malakcepti_ | mahl-ahktsehp'tee
oath, to take an | _fari ĵuron_ | fah'ree zhoor'ohn
parchment | _pergameno_ | pehrgah-meh'no
pardon | _pardono_ | pahrdoh'no
penal | _punebla_ | pooneh'blah
perjury | _falsa ĵuro_ | fahl'sah zhoor'oh
petitioner | _petfarinto_ | peht'fahrin'toh
police-office | _policoficejo_ | pohleet'so-feetseh'yo
-- officer | _policano_ | pohleet-sah'no
-- station | _policejo_ | pohleet-seh'yo
proof | _pruvo_ | proo'voh
prosecute to | _persekuti_ | pehrsehkoo'tee
prosecution (of | _persekuto_ | pehrsehkoo'toh
suit) | |
prosecutor | _persekut-anto, | pehrsehkoot-ahn'toh,
| -isto_[7] | -ist'oh
punishment | _puno_ | poo'no
quash | _kasacii_ | kahsaht-see'ee
robbery | _rabo_ | rah'bo
seal, a | _sigelo_ | seegeh'lo
sentence, a | _sentenco_ | sehntehnt'so
sheriff | _skabeno_ | skahbeh'no
statement | _deklaro (skribita)_ | dehklah'ro
(written) | | (skreebee'tah)
sue, to | _persekuti_ | pehrsehkoo'tee
suit | _proceso_ | prohtseh'so
summons (of court) | _asigno_ | ahseeg'no
testator | _testamentinto_ | tehstah-mehntin'toh
theft | _ŝtelo_ | shteh'lo
thief | _ŝtel-isto, -into_ | shtehl-ist'oh, -in'toh
trial | _proceso_ | prohtseh'so
verdict | _verdikto_ | vehrdeek'toh
witness | _atestanto_ | ahteh-stahn'toh
writ | _asignordono_ | ahseeg'nordoh'no
29. Commercial Terms. (_Komercaj Terminoj._)
(For Conversations see §. 67.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Account | _konto_ | kon'toh
--, current | _kuranta konto_ | koorahn'ta kon'toh
--, joint | _komuna konto_ | komoo'na kon'toh
--, to close an | _fermi konton_ | fehr'mee kon'tohn
--, to settle an | _pagi konton_ | pah'gee kon'tohn
acknowledgment | _ricevavizo_ | ritseh'vahvee'zo
agency | _agentejo_ | ahghen-teh'yo
agent | _agento_ | ahghehn'toh
apprentice | _metilernanto_ | mehtee'lehr-nahn'toh
arrear, in | _malfrue_ | mahlfroo'eh
assets | _aktivo_ | ahktee'voh
balance of account | _saldo de konto_ | sahl'doh deh kon'toh
balance-sheet | _bilanco_ | bilahnt'so
bank | _banko_ | bahn'ko
bankrupt; a -- | _bankrotin-ta; -to_ | bahn-krotin'-tah; -toh
bankruptcy, | _bankroto_ | bahn-kro'toh
failure | |
bearer | _portanto_ | portahn'toh
bill (account) | _kalkulo_ | kahlkoo'lo
bill (comml. | _bilo_ | bee'lo
document) | |
-- at sight | _kambio je vido_ | kahmbee'oh yeh vee'doh
-- at 3 months' | _kambio je tri monatoj_ | kahmbee'oh yeh tree
date | | monah'toy
-- of exchange | _kambio_ | kahm-bee'oh
-- of lading | _ŝarĝatesto_ | shahr-jah-teh'stoh
bond, a | _obligacio_ | obligaht-see'o
bond, in | _kuŝanta en | kooshahn'ta en
| dogantenejo_ | dogahn'teneh'yo
bonded goods | _komercaĵoj en dogano | komehrt-sah'zhoy ehn
| deponitaj_ | dogah'no
| | depohnee'tahy
book-keeper | _librotenisto_ | lee'bro-tenis'toh
branch- | _filio_ | filee'oh
establishment | |
broker | _makleristo_ | mah-klehrist'o
brokerage | _kurtaĝo_ | koortah'jo
business | _la aferoj_ | la ahfeh'roy
buyer | _aĉetisto_ | ahchehtist'o
cargo | _ŝarĝo_ | shahr'jo
carriage | _transportprezo_ | trahnsport-preh'zo
carriage-paid | _kun transporto pagita_ | koon trahns-pohr'toh
| | pah-ghee'tah
cashier | _kasisto_ | kahsist'o
charter a ship, to | _lui ŝipon_ | loo'ee shee'pohn
charter-party | _ĉarto_ | chahr'toh
catalogue | _katalogo_ | kah-tahlo'go
cheque | _ĉeko_ | cheh'ko
claim | _pretendo_ | prehtehn'doh
clerk | _oficisto_ | ofeet-sist'o
company | _kompanio_ | kompah-nee'oh
--, joint-stock | _akcia kompanio_ | ahk-tsee'ah
| | kompah-nee'oh
--, limited | _limigita kompanio_ | limighee'tah "
compensation | _kompenso_ | kompehn'so
complaint | _plendo_ | plehn'doh
confiscate, to | _konfiski_ | konfis'kee
contract, a | _kontrakto_ | kontrahk'toh
cost, insurance | _kosto, asekuro kaj_ | kost'o, ahseh-koor'o
and | |
freight (c.i.f.) | _frajto_ | kahy frah'y-toh
cost price | _kostprezo_ | kost-preh'zo
credit | _kredito_ | krehdee'toh
creditor | _kreditoro_ | kreditohr'o
custom-house | _doganejo_ | doganeh'yo
customs, the | _la dogano_ | la dogah'no
-- clearing-house | _doganesplorejo_ | dogahn'esploreh'yo
customs duties | _doganimpostoj_ | dogahn'impos'toy
damage | _difekto_ | difekt'o
damages (law) | _kompensaĵo_ | kompehn-sah'zho
debenture shares | _obligaciaj akcioj_ | obligaht-see'ahy
| | ahkt-see'oy
debit | _debeto_ | debeh'toh
debt | _ŝuldo_ | shool'doh
debtor | _ŝuldanto_ | shool-dahn'toh
deliver, to | _liveri_ | liveh'ree
delivered free | _liverita afrankite_ | livehree'tah
| | afrahnkee'teh
demurrage | _pago pro malfruiĝo_ | pah'go pro
| | mahlfroo-ee'jo
department | _fako_ | fah'ko
director, manager | _direktoro_ | direktohr'o
discount; to -- | _diskonto; diskonti_ | diskon'toh; diskon'tee
dividend | _dividendo_ | dividehn'doh
dock and harbour | _dok- kaj | dohk- kahy
dues | haven-impostoj_ | havehn'-impos'toy
double entry, by | _per duobla enskribo_ | per doo-oh'bla
| | enskree'bo
draft | _trato_ | trah'toh
draw upon, to | _trati (iun)_ | trah'tee (ee'oon)
drawee | _tratato_ | tratah'toh
drawer | _tratanto_ | tratahn'toh
duty, export | _eksportimposto_ | eksport'impost'oh
--, import | _importimposto_ | import'impost'oh
duty-free | _senimposte_ | sen-impost'eh
enclosed | _entenata_ | entehnah'ta
enclosure, an | _enmetaĵo_ | enmeh-tah'zho
endorse, to | _ĝiri_ | jee'ree
endorsee | _ĝirato_ | jeerah'toh
endorsement | _ĝiro_ | jeer'o
endorser | _ĝiranto_ | jeerahn'toh
exchange, an | _interŝanĝo_ | intehr-shahn'jo
-- (place) | _borso_ | bohr'so
-- (difference) | _aĝio_ | ahjee'oh
excise | _akcizo_ | ahk-tsee'zo
exports | _eksportoj_ | ekspor'toy
firm, a | _firmo_ | feer'mo
forwarding | _eksped-o, -ado_[8] | ekspeh'-doh, -dah'doh
free on board | _afranke sur ŝipon_ | afrahn'keh soor
(f.o.b.) | | sheep'ohn
freightage | _frajta prezo_ | frahy'tah preh'zo
guarantee, a | _garantio_ | garahntee'o
imports | _importoj_ | impohr'toy
insolvent | _nesolventa_ | nehsolvehn'ta
insurance policy | _asekura poliso_ | ahsehkoor'ah polee'so
-- premium | _asekura premio_ | ahsehkoor'ah prehmee'oh
insure, to | _asekuri_ | ahsehkoo'ree
introduction | _prezento_ | prehzehn'toh
--, letter of | _prezenta letero_ | prehzehn'ta leteh'ro
invest, to (money) | _plasi_ | plah'see
letter of advice | _avizletero_ | ahveez'leteh'ro
liabilities | _pasivo, ŝuldaro_ | pahsee'vo, shool-dah'ro
liable to duty | _impostebla_ | imposteh'blah
load, to | _ŝarĝi_ | shahr'jee
loss | _malprofito_ | mahl-profee'toh
manifest, a | _manifesto_ | mah-nifeh'sto
marine insurance | _marasekuro_ | mahr'ahseh-koo'ro
market | _komercejo_ | komehrt-seh'yo
foreign market | _eksterlanda vendado_ | ekstehrlahn'da
| | vendah'doh
home market | _enlanda vendado_ | enlahn'da vendah'doh
London market | _Londona vendado_ | londoh'na vendah'doh
market-day | _vendeja tago_ | vendeh'yah ta'go
market dues | _vendejaj impostoj_ | vendeh'yahy impos'toy
market price | _vendeja prezo_ | vendeh'yah preh'zo
not negotiable | _nenegocebla_ | neh-nehgoht-seh'blah
offer for sale, to | _elmeti al vendo_ | elmeh'tee al vehn'doh
office | _oficejo_ | ofitseh'yo
order, to (goods) | _mendi_ | mehn'dee
packing | _pakado_ | pahkah'doh
partner | _partisto_ | pahrtist'o
payable | _pagebla_ | pa-geh'blah
port of delivery | _livera haveno_ | livehr'ah haveh'no
preference shares | _preferencaj akcioj_ | prefehrent'sahy
| | ahk-tsee'oy
prepaid | _afrankita_ | afrahn-kee'ta
price | _prezo_ | preh'zo
price-list | _prezaro_ | prehzahr'o
quarantine | _kvaranteno_ | kvarahn-teh'no
quotation (of | _prezpropono_ | prehz'prohpo'no
price) | |
rate of interest | _procento_ | prohtsehn'toh
receipt | _kvitanco_ | kvitahnt'so
receiver | _likvidisto_ | likvee-dist'o
register, to | _registri_ | reh-ghees'tree
registered tonnage | _registra tonaĵo_ | reh-ghees'tra tonah'zho
registration | _registr-o, -ado_ | reh-ghees'-tro,
| | -trah'doh
representative | _reprezentanto_ | reprehzen-tahn'toh
rent | _luprezo_ | loo-preh'zo
retail (_adj. & | _pomalgrand-a, -e_ | po-malgrahn'-da, -deh
adv._) | |
salesman, seller | _vendisto_ | vehndist'o
selling price | _vendoprezo_ | vehn'doh-preh'zo
settling days | _pagtagoj_ | pahg-tah'goy
shareholder | _akciulo_ | ahk-tsee-oo'lo
shares | _akcioj_ | ahk-tsee'oy
ship, to | _enŝipigi_ | enshipee'ghee
shippers | _ekspedistoj_ | ekspeh-dis'toy
shipping charges | _ŝarĝadaj elspezoj_ | shahrja'dahy elspeh'zoy
shop-assistant | _komizo_ | komee'zo
solvent | _solventa_ | solvehn'ta
stevedore | _stivisto_ | steevist'o
stow, to (cargo) | _stivi_ | stee'vee
telegraphic | _telegrafa adreso_ | telehgrah'fah ahdreh'so
address | |
towing charges | _trenŝipaj pagoj_ | trehn-shee'pahy pahgoy
trade, commerce | _komerc-o, -ado_ | komehrt'-so, -sah'doh
transaction | _negoco_ | nehgoht'so
traveller, | _komerca vojaĝisto_ | komehrt'sah
commercial | | vo-yah-jist'o
underwriter | _asekurinto_ | ahseh-koorin'toh
unloading | _malŝarĝ-o, -ado_ | mahlshahr'-jo, -jah'doh
visa, to | _vizi_ | vee'zee
warehouse | _magazeno_ | mah-gazeh'no
weight, gross | _kuntara pezo_ | koon-tah'ra peh'zo
--, net | _sentara pezo_ | sehn-tah'ra peh'zo
wharf | _ŭarfo_ | wahr'fo
wharfage | _ŭarfpago_ | wahrf-pah'go
wholesale | _pogrand-a, -e_ | po-grahn'-da, -deh
winding-up | _likvido_ | likvee'doh
30. Post, Telegraph and Telephone. (_La Poŝto, la Telegrafo, kaj la
Telefono._)
(For Conversations see §. 64.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Collection | _kolekto_ | kolek'toh
contents | _enhavo_ | ehnhah'vo
counterfoil | _kontraŭfolio_ | kon'trahw-folee'oh
customs | _dogandeklaro_ | dogahn'dehklar'o
declaration | |
delivery | _livero_ | livehr'o
description | _priskribo_ | pree-skree'bo
despatch note | _depeŝo_ | dehpeh'sho
excess postage | _afrankeksceso_ | afrahnk'eks-tseh'so
letter post | _letera poŝto_ | leteh'ra posh'toh
letter-scales | _leterpesilo_ | letehr'pehsee'lo
mail, the | _la kuriero_ | la kooree-ehr'o
money order | _poŝtmandato | posht-mandah'toh
(foreign) | eksterlanda_ | eks-terlahn'da
newspaper wrapper | _banderolo_ | bahn-dero'lo
parcel | _paketo_ | pahkeh'toh
-- post | _paketpoŝto_ | pahkeht-posh'toh
pillar-box | _leterkesto_ | letehr-kest'o
post, the | _la poŝto_ | la pohsh-toh
postage paid | _afrankita_ | afrahnkee'tah
postal order | _poŝtmandato enlanda_ | posht-mahndah'toh
| | en-lahn'da
post-card | _poŝtkarto_ | pohsht-kahr'toh
post-office | _poŝtoficejo_ | posht-ofeet-seh'yo
postman | _leterportisto_ | letehr'pohrtist'o
postmaster | _poŝtestro_ | pohsh-tehs'tro
re-address, to | _readresi_ | reh-ahdreh'see
register, to | _registri_ | reh-ghees'tree
reply paid | _respondafrankita_ | respond'afrahn-kee'ta
stamps | _poŝtmarkoj_ | posht-mahr'koy
telegram | _telegramo_ | teleh-grah'mo
telegraph, to | _telegrafi_ | teleh-grah'fee
-- form | _telegrama folio_ | teleh-grah'ma folee'oh
-- messenger | _telegramportisto_ | telehgrahm'pohrtist'o
-- office | _telegrafejo_ | teleh-grafeh'yo
telephone | _telefono_ | teleh-fo'no
-- call office | _telefonejo_ | teleh-foneh'yo
-- number | _telefona numero_ | teleh-fo'na noomehr'o
ring up, to | _telefoni_ | teleh-fo'nee
to be called for | _poŝtrestante_ | posht-restahn'teh
value, insured | _asekurita valoro_ | ahsekooree'ta vahlohr'o
weigh, to | _pesi_ | peh'see
weight, a | _pezilo_ | pehzee'lo
-- (of anything) | _pezo_ | peh'zo
--, over | _tro peza_ | tro peh'zah
31. Correspondence. (_Korespondado._)
(For Conversations see §. 65.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Address | _adreso_ | ah-dreh'so
blotting-paper | _sorba papero_ | sohr'ba pa-pehr'o
date | _dato_ | da'toh
--, to | _dat-i, -umi_ | dah'-tee, -too'mee
envelope | _koverto_ | ko-vehr'toh
fasten, close, to | _fermi_ | fehr'mee
immediate | _tuja_ | too'yah
ink | _inko_ | een'ko
inkstand | _inkujo_ | een-koo'yo
letter | _letero_ | letehr'o
letter-box | _leterkesto_ | leh-tehr-kest'o
note | _noto_ | no'toh
note-paper | _leterpapero_ | letehr'pa-pehr'o
packet | _paketo_ | pah-keht'o
pen | _plumo_ | ploo'mo
--, fountain | _fontoplumo_ | fon'toh-ploo'mo
penholder | _plumingo_ | ploom-een'go
penknife | _tranĉileto_ | trahn-chee-leh'toh
pencil | _krajono_ | krah-yo'no
quire | _kajero_ | kah-yeh'ro
ream | _rismo_ | rees'mo
seal, a | _sigelo_ | see-gheh'lo
seal, to | _sigeli_ | see-gheh'lee
sealing-wax | _sigelvakso_ | see-ghehl-vahk'so
sheet | _folio_ | fo-lee'o
signature | _subskribo_ | soob-skree'bo
urgent | _urĝa_ | oorr'jah
writing | _la skribo_ | la skree'bo
-- materials | _skribilaro_ | skree-bee-lah'ro
32. The Cardinal Numbers. (_La Fundamentaj Numeraloj._)
(For Grammatical Notes see section "Cardinal Numbers".)
0 _Nulo_ (nool'oh) 17 _dek sep_ 79 _sepdek naŭ_
1 _unu_ (oo'noo) 18 _dek ok_ 80 _okdek_
2 _du_ (doo) 19 _dek naŭ_ 90 _naŭdek_
3 _tri_ (tree) 20 _dudek_ 100 _cent_ (tsehnt)
4 _kvar_ (kvahr) 21 _dudek unu_ 101 _cent unu_
5 _kvin_ (kvin) 22 _dudek du_ 102 _cent du_
6 _ses_ (sehss) 23 _dudek tri_ 200 _du cent_ (doot'sehnt)
7 _sep_ (sehp) 24 _dudek kvar_ 300 _tricent_
8 _ok_ (ohk) 30 _tridek_ 400 _kvarcent_
9 _naŭ_ (nahw) 35 _tridek kvin_ 500 _kvincent_
10 _dek_ (dehk) 40 _kvardek_ 600 _sescent_
11 _dek unu_ 46 _kvardek ses_ 700 _sepcent_
12 _dek du_ 50 _kvindek_ 800 _okcent_
13 _dek tri_ 57 _kvindek sep_ 900 _naŭcent_
14 _dek kvar_ 60 _sesdek_ 1,000 _mil_ (meel)
15 _dek kvin_ 68 _sesdek ok_
16 _dek ses_ 70 _sepdek_
2,679 _dumil sescent sepdek naŭ._
3,000 _trimil._
10,000 _dek mil._
20,000 _dudek mil._
389,345 _tricent okdek naŭmil tricent kvardek kvin._
1,000,000 _(unu) miliono_ [(oo'noo) meeleeoh'no].
4,000,000 _kvar milionoj._
1908 ... _Mil naŭcent ok._
NOTE.--Observe that the cardinal numbers are grouped together (without
hyphens) in thousands, hundreds, tens and units. Thus, 548 is _kvincent
kvardek ok_, not _kvincent-kvardek-ok_, and 17 _dek sep_, not _dek-sep_.
33. Ordinal Numerals. (_La Ordaj Numeraloj._)
(For Grammatical Notes see section "Ordinal Numbers".)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
First | _unua_ | oonoo'ah
second | _dua_ | doo'ah
third | _tria_ | tree'ah
fourth | _kvara_ | kvah'rah
fifth | _kvina_ | kvee'nah
sixth | _sesa_ | seh'sah
seventh | _sepa_ | seh'pah
eighth | _oka_ | oh'kah
ninth | _naŭa_ | nah'wah
tenth | _deka_ | deh'kah
eleventh | _dek-unua_ | dehk-oonoo'ah
twelfth | _dek-dua_ | dehkdoo'ah
thirteenth | _dek-tria_ | dehktree'ah
fourteenth | _dek-kvara_ | dehk-kvah'rah
fifteenth | _dek-kvina_ | dehk-kvee'nah
sixteenth | _dek-sesa_ | dehkseh'sah
seventeenth | _dek-sepa_ | dehkseh'pah
eighteenth | _dek-oka_ | dehk-oh'kah
nineteenth | _dek-naŭa_ | dehknah'wah
twentieth | _dudeka_ | doodeh'kah
twenty-first | _dudek-unua_ | doo'dehk-oonoo'ah
twenty-second | _dudek-dua_ | doo'dehk-doo'ah
twenty-third | _dudek-tria_ | doo'dehk-tree'ah
twenty-fourth | _dudek-kvara_ | doo'dehk-kvah'rah
twenty-fifth | _dudek-kvina_ | doo'dehk-kvee'nah
thirtieth | _trideka_ | treedeh'kah
thirty-second | _tridek-dua_ | treedehk-doo'ah
fortieth | _kvardeka_ | kvahrdeh'kah
fiftieth | _kvindeka_ | kvindeh'kah
sixtieth | _sesdeka_ | sehsdeh'kah
seventieth | _sepdeka_ | sehpdeh'kah
eightieth | _okdeka_ | ohkdeh'kah
ninetieth | _naŭdeka_ | nahw-deh'kah
hundredth | _centa_ | tsehn'tah
hundred and first | _cent-unua_ | tsehnt-oonoo'ah
two hundred and | _ducent-kvindek-dua_ | doot'sehnt-kvin'dehk-
fifty-second | | doo'ah
thousandth | _mila_ | mee'lah
34. Collective and Fractional Numbers. (_Kolektivaj kaj Nombronaj
Numeraloj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
All | _ĉiom (da)_ | chee'ohm (dah)
couple, a | _paro_ | pah'ro
double | _duobla_ | doo-oh'blah
doubly | _duoble_ | doo-oh'bleh
dozen, a | _dekduo_ | dehk-doo'oh
fifth, a | _kvinono_ | kvee-no'no
firstly | _unue_ | oonoo'eh
gross, a | _cent kvardek kvar_ | tsehnt kvahr'dehk kvahr
half-a-dozen | _duondekduo_ | doo-ohn'dehkdoo'oh
once | _unufoje_ | oo'noo-fo'yeh
one by one | _unuope_ | oonoo-oh'peh
one-half | _unu duono_ | oo'noo doo-oh'no
pair, a | _paro_ | pah'ro
part, portion | _parto_ | pahr'to
quarter, fourth | _kvarono_ | kvahro'no
part | |
score, a | _dudeko_ | doodeh'ko
secondly | _due_ | doo'eh
single | _unuopa_ | oonoo-oh'pah
singly | _unuope_ | oonoo-oh'peh
third, a | _triono_ | tree-oh'no
thirdly | _trie_ | tree'eh
threefold | _trioble_ | tree-oh'bleh
three-quarters | _tri kvaronoj_ | tree kvahro'noy
three-sevenths | _tri seponoj_ | tree sehpoh'noy
twice | _dufoje, dufojojn_ | doo-fo'yeh, doo fo'yoyn
two by two | _duope_ | doo-oh'peh
two-sixths | _du sesonoj_ | doo seh-so'noy
whole, the | _la tuto_ | la too'toh
35. Adjectives. (_Adjektivoj._)
(For Grammatical Notes see section "The Adjective".)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Able (capable) | _kapabla_ | kah-pah'blah
bad, wicked | _malbona_ | mahl-bo'nah
beautiful, | _bela_ | beh'la
handsome | |
beloved | _amata_ | ahmah'tah
bitter | _maldolĉa_ | mahl-dohl'chah
blind | _blinda_ | bleen'dah
blunt | _malakra_ | mahl-ah'krah
bold | _kuraĝema_ | koorah-jeh'ma
brave | _brava_ | brah'vah
bright | _hela_ | heh'la
broad, wide | _larĝa_ | lar'jah
careful | _zorgema_ | zorgeh'ma
careless | _senzorga_ | sen-zor'ga
certain | _certa_ | tsehr'tah
cheap | _malkara_ | mahl-kah'ra
clean | _pura_ | poo'rah
clear | _klara_ | klah'ra
clever | _lerta_ | lehr'tah
cold | _malvarma_ | mahl-vahr'ma
comfortable | _komforta_ | kohm-fohr'tah
corpulent | _korpulenta_ | korpoolehn'tah
costly | _multekosta_ | mool'teh-kohs'tah
damp | _malseka_ | mahl-seh'ka
dangerous | _danĝera_ | dahn-jeh'rah
dark | _malluma_ | mahl-loo'ma
deaf | _surda_ | soor'dah
dear | _kara_ | kah'ra
deep | _profunda_ | pro-foon'dah
different | _malsama_ | mahl-sah'ma
dirty | _malpura_ | mahl-poo'rah
disagreeable | _malagrabla_ | mahl-ahgrah'blah
dry | _seka_ | seh'ka
dull (of weather) | _malklara_ | mahl-klah'rah
dusty | _polva_ | pohl'vah
early | _frua_ | froo'ah
easy | _facila_ | faht-see'lah
empty | _malplena_ | mahl-pleh'na
every | _ĉiu_ | chee'oo
false | _malvera_ | mahl-vehr'ah
fashionable | _laŭmoda_ | lahw-mo'dah
fat (stout) | _dikkorpa_ | deek-kor'pa
few | _malmultaj_ | mahl-mool'tahy
fine (excellent) | _bonega_ | boneh'gah
-- (in quality) | _delikata_ | dehlee-kah'tah
fit (for) | _taŭga_ | tahw'gah
flat | _plata_ | plah'tah
foolish | _malsaĝa_ | mahl-sah'jah
fortunate | _bonŝanca_ | bohn-shahnt'sah
free | _libera_ | libeh'ra
frequent | _ofta_ | off'tah
fresh | _freŝa_ | freh'shah
front | _antaŭa_ | ahntah'wah
full | _plena_ | pleh'nah
gay | _gaja_ | gah'yah
general, usual | _kutima_ | kootee'ma
gentle, polite | _ĝentila_ | jentee'la
good | _bona_ | boh'nah
grand | _grandioza_ | grahndee-oh'zah
great | _granda_ | grahn'dah
happy | _feliĉa_ | fehlee'chah
hard | _malmola_ | mahl-mo'la
heavy | _peza_ | peh'zah
high | _alta_ | ahl'tah
honest | _honesta_ | honeh'stah
hot | _varmega_ | vahrmeh'ga
hungry | _malsata_ | mahl-sah'tah
ill (unwell) | _malsana_ | mahl-sah'nah
important | _grava_ | grah'va
interesting | _interesa_ | inteh-reh'sah
just | _justa_ | yoos'tah
kind | _bonkora_ | bohn-ko'ra
lame | _lama_ | lah'ma
large, vast | _larĝa_ | lahr'jah
last | _lasta_ | lah'stah
late | _malfrua_ | mahl-froo'ah
light | _luma_ | loo'ma
little, small | _malgranda_ | mahl-grahn'dah
long | _longa_ | lohn'gah
loose | _ne fiksita_ | neh fiksee'tah
low (in place) | _malalta_ | mahl-ahl'tah
many | _multaj_ | mool'tahy
mild | _milda_ | meel'dah
muddy | _kota_ | ko'tah
narrow | _mallarĝa_ | mahl-lahr'jah
natural | _natura_ | nahtoor'ah
new | _nova_ | no'vah
nice, tasty | _bongusta_ | bohn-goo'stah
old (not new) | _malnova_ | mahl-no'vah
open | _malfermita_ | mahl-fehrmee'tah
patient | _pacienca_ | paht-see-ent'sah
pleasant | _agrabla_ | ahgrah'blah
poor (not rich) | _malriĉa_ | mahl-ree'chah
poor (to be | _kompatinda_ | kompah-teen'dah
pitied) | |
possible | _ebla_ | eh'blah
pretty | _beleta_ | beh-leh'tah
private | _privata_ | pree-vah'tah
probable | _probabla_ | probah'blah
proud | _fiera_ | fee-eh'rah
public | _publika_ | pooblee'ka
pure, clean | _pura_ | poo'rah
quick, swift | _rapida_ | rahpee'dah
quiet | _kvieta_ | kvee-eh'tah
rich | _riĉa_ | ree'chah
right | _prava_ | prah-vah
-- (correct) | _ĝusta_ | joo'stah
ripe | _matura_ | mahtoo'rah
rough (not smooth) | _malglata_ | mahl-glah'tah
round | _ronda_ | rohn'dah
rude | _malĝentila_ | mahl-jenteela
sacred, holy | _sankta_ | sahnk'tah
sad | _malĝoja_ | mahl-joya
safe, secure | _sekura_ | seh-koo'rah
sharp | _akra_ | ah'krah
short | _mallonga_ | mahl-lohn'ga
silent | _silenta_ | seelehn'tah
simple | _simpla_ | seem'plah
slow | _malrapida_ | mahl-rahpee'dah
smooth | _glata_ | glah'tah
soft | _mola_ | mo'lah
sound, reliable | _fidinda_ | feedeen'dah
sour | _acideca_ | ahtsee-deht'sah
square | _kvadrata_ | kvah-drah'tah
straight | _rekta_ | rehk'tah
strange (curious) | _stranga_ | strahn'gah
strong | _forta_ | fohr'tah
stupid, dull | _stulta_ | stool'tah
sufficient | _sufiĉa_ | soofee'chah
sweet | _dolĉa_ | dohl'chah
tall | _altkreska_ | ahlt-krehs'kah
tender (loving) | _amplena_ | ahm-pleh'nah
thick | _dika_ | dee'kah
thin | _maldika_ | mahl-dee'ka
thirsty | _soifanta_ | so-eefahn'tah
tough | _koherema_ | ko-hehreh'mah
true | _vera_ | veh'rah
ugly | _malbela_ | mahl-beh'la
unsettled | _necerta_ | neht-sehr'tah
(weather) | |
useful | _utila_ | ootee'la
usual | _kutima_ | kootee'ma
valuable | _multvalora_ | mooltvahlo'ra
various | _diversa_ | deevehr'sah
warm | _varma_ | vahr'ma
weak | _malforta_ | mahl-fohr'ta
wet | _malseka_ | mahl-seh'kah
whole | _tuta_ | too'tah
willing | _volonta_ | volohn'tah
wise | _saĝa_ | sah'jah
wrong | _malprava_ | mahl-prah'vah
young | _juna_ | yoo'nah
36. Verbs.
(For Grammatical Notes see section "The Verb".)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
To accept | _akcepti_ | ahk-tsehp'tee
" admire | _admiri_ | ahdmeer'ee
" answer, reply | _respondi_ | rehspohn'dee
" approve | _aprobi_ | ahpro'bee
" arrive | _alveni_ | ahl-veh'nee
" ascend | _supreniri_ | soo'preh-neer'ee
" ask | _demandi_ | dehman'dee
" attract, draw | _altiri_ | ahl-teer'ee
" awake, _intr._ | _vekiĝi_ | vehkee'jee
" be | _esti_ | eh'stee
" be hungry | _malsati_ | mahl-sah'tee
" be ignorant of | _nescii_ | nehst-see'ee
" be mistaken | _trompiĝi_ | trohmpee'jee
" be quiet, silent | _silenti_ | seelehn'tee
" be thirsty | _soifi_ | so-ee'fee
" beat | _bati_ | bah'tee
" begin, _tr._ | _komenci_ | kohment'see
" believe | _kredi_ | kreh'dee
" blame | _mallaŭdi_ | mahl-lahw'dee
" boil, _intr._; | _boli; boligi_ | bo'lee; bo-lee'ghee
--, _tr._ | |
" borrow | _pruntepreni_ | proon'teh-preh'nee
" bring | _alporti_ | ahl-por'tee
" build | _konstrui_ | konstroo'ee
" button | _butonumi_ | bootonoo'mee
" buy | _aĉeti_ | ahcheh'tee
" carry | _porti_ | pohr'tee
" catch cold | _malvarmumi_ | mahl-vahrmoo'mee
" chat | _babili_ | bahbee'lee
" climb | _grimpi_ | grim'pee
" compare | _kompari_ | kohmpah'ree
" consent | _konsenti_ | konsehn'tee
" continue, | _daŭri_ | dahw'ree
_intr._ | |
" cook | _kuiri_ | koo-ee'ree
" cough | _tusi_ | too'see
" cover | _kovri_ | ko'vree
" dance | _danci_ | dahnt'see
" decide | _decidi_ | deht-see'dee
" deny | _nei_ | neh'ee
" depart, go away | _foriri_ | for-eer'ee
" descend | _malsupreniri_ | mahl-sooprehn-eer'ee
" desire, wish | _deziri_ | deh-zeer'ee
(for) | |
" dine | _ĉefmanĝi_ | chehf-mahn'jee
" do, make | _fari_ | fah'ree
" doubt | _dubi_ | doo'bee
" draw, pull | _tiri_ | teer'ee
" dream | _sonĝi_ | sohn'jee
" drink | _trinki_ | trin'kee
" dress | _vesti_ | veh'stee
" dwell, live | _loĝi_ | lo'jee
" eat | _manĝi_ | mahn'jee
" exchange | _interŝanĝi_ | intehr-shahn'jee
" excuse | _ekskuzi_ | ekskoo'zee
" explain | _komprenigi_ | kompreh-nee'ghee
" fall | _fali_ | fah'lee
" feel (by touch) | _palpi_ | pahl'pee
" feel (in mind) | _senti_ | sehn'tee
" find | _trovi_ | tro'vee
" finish, _tr._ | _fini_ | fee'nee
" follow | _sekvi_ | sehk'vee
" forget | _forgesi_ | fohr-gheh'see
" gather | _kolekti_ | ko-lehk'tee
" get | _akiri_ | ahkee'ree
" get up | _leviĝi_ | lehvee'jee
" give | _doni_ | doh'nee
" go | _iri_ | eer'ee
" go in | _eniri_ | ehneer'ee
" go out | _eliri_ | ehleer'ee
" grow | _kreski_ | kreh'skee
" guide | _gvidi_ | gvee'dee
" hate | _malami_ | mahlah'mee
" have | _havi_ | hah'vee
" hear | _aŭdi_ | ahw'dee
" hesitate | _heziti_ | heh-zee'tee
" hide | _kaŝi_ | kah'shee
" hope | _esperi_ | espehr'ee
" imagine | _imagi_ | imah'ghee
" ignore | _ignori_ | ignoh'ree
" intend | _intenci_ | intehnt'see
" introduce (one) | _prezenti_ | prehzehn'tee
-- (a thing) | _enkonduki_ | ehnkon-doo'kee
" joke | _ŝerci_ | shehrt'see
" jump | _salti_ | sahl'tee
" know | _scii_ | stsee'ee
" laugh | _ridi_ | ree'dee
" learn | _lerni_ | lehr'nee
" lend | _pruntedoni_ | proon'teh-doh'nee
" lie down | _kuŝiĝi_ | koo-shee'jee
" live (be alive) | _vivi_ | vee'vee
" look for | _serĉi_ | sehr'chee
" lose | _perdi_ | pehr'dee
" love | _ami_ | ah'mee
" marry, _intr._ | _edziĝi_ | ehdzee'-jee
(of a man) | |
-- (of a woman) | _edziniĝi_ | ehdzee-nee'jee
" meet | _renkonti_ | rehn-kon'tee
" mention | _aludi_ | ahloo'dee
" need, want | _bezoni_ | behzoh'nee
" object | _oponi_ | opoh'nee
" obtain | _obteni_ | obteh'nee
" offend | _ofendi_ | ofehn'dee
" offer | _proponi_ | pro-po'nee
" open | _malfermi_ | mahl-fehr'mee
" order (goods) | _mendi_ | mehn'dee
" order, command | _ordoni_ | ohrdoh'nee
" pack up | _paki_ | pah'kee
" paint | _pentri_ | pehn'tree
" pay; repay | _pagi; repagi_ | pah'ghee; reh-pah'ghee
" plant | _planti_ | plahn'tee
" play | _ludi_ | loo'dee
" plough | _plugi_ | ploo'ghee
" pluck, pick | _deŝiri_ | deh-sheer'ee
" praise | _laŭdi_ | lahw'dee
" prove | _pruvi_ | proo'vee
" read | _legi_ | leh'ghee
" reap | _rikolti_ | reekohl'tee
" reckon, count | _kalkuli_ | kahl-koo'lee
" receive | _ricevi_ | reetseh'vee
" refuse | _rifuzi_ | ree-foo'zee
" regret | _bedaŭri_ | behdahw'ree
" remember | _memori_ | meh-mohr'ee
" repeat | _ripeti_ | reepeh'tee
" rest | _ripozi_ | reepo'zee
" return, come | _reveni_ | rehveh'nee
back | |
-- (go back) | _reiri_ | reh-eer'ee
-- (give back) | _redoni_ | reh-doh'nee
" ring, _tr._ | _sonorigi_ | so-no-ree'ghee
" roast | _rosti_ | roh'stee
" run | _kuri_ | koor'ee
" say, tell | _diri_ | dee'ree
" search for | _serĉi_ | sehr'chee
" see | _vidi_ | vee'dee
" sell | _vendi_ | vehn'dee
" serve | _servi_ | sehr'vee
" sew, stitch | _kudri_ | koo'dree
" shave | _razi_ | rah'zee
" shine | _brili_ | bree'lee
" show | _montri_ | mohn'tree
" sign (letter, | _subskribi_ | soob-skree'bee
etc.) | |
" sit down | _sidiĝi_ | seedee'jee
" sleep | _dormi_ | dohr'mee
" sneeze | _terni_ | tehr'nee
" sow (seed) | _semi_ | seh'mee
" speak | _paroli_ | pahro'lee
" spoil, _tr._ | _difekti_ | deefehk'tee
" steal | _ŝteli_ | shteh'lee
" study | _studi_ | stoo'dee
" swear | _ĵuri_ | zhoor'ee
" take | _preni_ | preh'nee
" take off | _depreni_ | deh-preh'nee
" take a walk | _promeni_ | pro-meh'nee
" taste, _tr._ | _gustumi_ | goostoo'mee
" tell (a tale) | _rakonti_ | rahkon'tee
" thank | _danki_ | dahn'kee
" think | _pensi_ | pehn'see
" throw | _ĵeti_ | zheh'tee
" touch | _tuŝi_ | too'shee
" translate | _traduki_ | trahdoo'kee
" travel | _vojaĝi_ | vo-yah'jee
" unbutton | _malbutonumi_ | mahl-bootohnoo'mee
" unpack | _malpaki_ | mahl-pah'kee
" wash | _lavi_ | lah'vee
" weep | _plori_ | plo'ree
" weigh, _tr._; | _pesi; pezi_ | peh'see; peh'zee
--, _int._ | |
" will, be willing | _voli_ | vo'lee
" work | _labori_ | lah-boh'ree
" wrap up | _envolvi_ | ehn-vol'vee
" write | _skribi_ | skree'bee
" yield, give way | _cedi_ | tseh'dee
37. Adverbs, Conjunctions & Prepositions. (_Adverboj, Konjunkcioj kaj
Prepozicioj._)
(For Grammatical Notes see the elementary grammar.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
About (nearly) | _proksimume_ | prokseemoo'meh
about (concerning) | _pri_ | pree
above | _super_ | soo'pehr
above all | _antaŭ ĉio_ | ahn'tahw chee'oh
absolutely | _absolute_ | ahbsoloo'teh
according to | _laŭ_ | lah'w
across | _trans_ | trahnss
afresh | _denove_ | dehno'veh
after, next to | _post_ | pohst
afterwards | _poste_ | pohss'teh
again | _ree_ | reh'eh
against | _kontraŭ_ | kohn'trahw
all (of) | _ĉiom (da)_ | chee'ohm (dah)
all at once, | _subite_ | soobee'teh
suddenly | |
almost | _preskaŭ_ | preh'skahw
alone, solely | _sole_ | so'leh
aloud | _laŭte_ | lahw'teh
already | _jam_ | yahm
also, too, besides | _ankaŭ_ | ahn'kahw
although | _kvankam_ | kvahn'kahm
altogether, quite | _tute_ | too'teh
always | _ĉiam_ | chee'ahm
and | _kaj_ | kah'y
anywhere | _kie ajn_ | kee'eh ah'yn
around, round | _ĉirkaŭ_ | cheer'kahw
about | |
as...as | _tiel...kiel..._ | tee'ehl...kee'ehl...
as much, as many | _tiom_ | tee'ohm
as much as | _tiom kiom_ | tee'ohm kee'ohm
as soon as, | _tuj kiam_ | too'y kee'ahm
immediately | |
at | _ĉe_ | cheh
at first | _unue_ | oonoo'eh
at last | _fine_ | fee'neh
at least | _almenaŭ_ | ahl-meh'nahw
at [the] most | _pleje_ | pleh'yeh
at once | _tuj_ | tooy'
at present | _nune_ | noo'neh
badly | _malbone_ | mahlbo'neh
because | _ĉar_ | chahr
before | _antaŭ_ | ahn'tahw
behind | _post_ | pohst
below, under, | _sub_ | soob
beneath | |
besides, beyond | _krom_ | krohm
better | _pli bone_ | plee bo'neh
between, among(st) | _inter_ | een'tehr
beyond | _preter_ | preh'tehr
briefly, shortly | _mallonge_ | mahl-lohn'geh
but | _sed_ | sehd
by the side of | _apud, flanke de_ | ah'pood, flahn'keh deh
by turns | _laŭvice_ | lahw-veet'seh
close to | _apud_ | ah'pood
consequently | _sekve_ | sehk'veh
daily | _ĉiutage_ | chee-ootah'gheh
doubtless | _sendube_ | sehndoo'beh
down (direction) | _malsupren_ | mahlsoo'prehn
down (position) | _malsupre_ | mahlsoo'preh
during | _dum_ | doom
early, betimes | _frue_ | froo'eh
either...or | _aŭ...aŭ_ | ahw...ahw
elsewhere | _aliloke_ | ahleelo'keh
enough (of) | _sufiĉe (da)_ | soofee'cheh (dah)
even if | _eĉ se_ | ehch seh
everywhere | _ĉie_ | chee'eh
exactly | _precize_ | preht-see'zeh
exceedingly | _treege_ | treh-eh'geh
except, _prep._ | _escepte_ | est-sehp'teh
far, distant | _malproksime_ | mahl-proksee'meh
for, _conj._ | _ĉar_ | chahr
for, _prep._ | _por_ | pohr
formerly | _antaŭe_ | ahntah'weh
from | _de_ | deh
full of | _plena de_ | pleh'nah deh
fully | _plene_ | pleh'neh
hardly | _apenaŭ_ | ahpeh'nahw
here | _ĉi tie, tie ĉi_ | chee tee'eh, tee'eh
| | chee
herewith | _ĉi-kune_ | chee-koo'neh
how, like | _kiel_ | kee'ehl
how much? | _kiom?_ | kee'ohm?
however | _tamen_ | tah'mehn
immediately | _tuj_ | too'y
in | _en_ | ehn
in every way | _ĉiel_ | chee'ehl
in front, before | _antaŭe_ | ahntah'weh
in future | _en la estonteco_ | ehn lah estohn-teht'so
in spite of | _malgraŭ_ | mahl'grahw
in the midst of | _meze de_ | meh'zeh deh
indeed | _vere_ | veh'reh
inside | _interne de, en_ | intehr'neh deh, ehn
instead of | _anstataŭ_ | ahnstaht'ahw
late | _malfrue_ | mahl-froo'eh
less | _malpli_ | mahl'plee
little (of) | _malmulte (da)_ | mahl-mool'teh (dah)
little by little | _iom post iom_ | ee'ohm pohst ee'ohm
more | _pli_ | plee
more or less | _pli malpli_ | plee mahl'plee
the more...the | _ju pli...des pli_ | yoo plee...dehs plee
more | |
much, very | _tre_ | treh
mutually | _reciproke_ | reht'see-pro'keh
near; -- to | _proksime; -- de_ | prohksee'meh; -- deh
neither...nor | _nek...nek_ | nehk...nehk
never | _neniam_ | neh-nee'ahm
nevertheless | _tamen_ | tah'mehn
not | _ne_ | neh
not at all | _tute ne_ | too'teh neh
notwithstanding | _malgraŭ (tio)_ | mahl'grahw (tee'oh)
not yet | _ankoraŭ ne_ | ahnkoh'rahw neh
now | _nun_ | noon
nowadays | _nuntempe, hodiaŭ_ | noon-tehm'peh,
| | hoh-dee'ahw
nowhere | _nenie_ | neh-nee'eh
of | _de; da_ (after | deh; dah
| numerals) |
of course | _kompreneble_ | kompreh-neh'bleh
often | _ofte_ | off'teh
on, upon | _sur_ | soor
on account of | _pro_ | pro
on no account | _nenial_ | neh-nee'ahl
on the contrary | _kontraŭe_ | kontrah'weh
on the left | _maldekstre_ | mahl-dek'streh
on the right | _dekstre_ | dehk'streh
only | _nur_ | noor
opposite | _kontraŭe_ | kontrah'weh
or | _aŭ_ | ahw
otherwise | _alie_ | ahlee'eh
outside, out of | _ekster_ | eks'tehr
over | _super_ | soo'pehr
perhaps | _eble_ | eh'bleh
presently, soon | _baldaŭ_ | bahl'dahw
previously | _antaŭe_ | ahntah'weh
purposely | _intence_ | intehnt'seh
quickly | _rapide_ | rahpee'deh
rather, preferably | _prefere_ | prehfeh'reh
rather, somewhat | _iom_ | ee'ohm
save, excepting | _escepte_ | ehst-sehp'teh
scarcely | _apenaŭ_ | ahpeh'nahw
seldom, rarely | _malofte_ | mahl-off'teh
since, _prep._ | _de_ | deh
--, _conj._ | _ĉar_ | chahr
-- (the time when) | _de l' tempo kiam_ | dehl tehm'po kee'ahm
so, thus | _tiel_ | tee'ehl
so much | _tiom_ | tee'ohm
somehow | _iel_ | ee'ehl
something | _io_ | ee'oh
sometimes | _kelkafoje_ | kehl'kah-fo'yeh
soon | _baldaŭ_ | bahl'dahw
suddenly | _subite_ | soo-bee'teh
that, _conj._ | _ke_ | keh
that is | _tio estas_ (abbr., | tee'oh es'tahss
| _t.e._) |
then | _tiam_ | tee'ahm
then, _conj._ | _do_ | doh
thence | _de tie_ | deh tee'eh
there | _tie_ | tee'eh
through | _tra_ | trah
through (by means | _per_ | pehr
of) | |
till, until | _ĝis_ | jeess
to | _al_ | ahl
together | _kune_ | koo'neh
too much, too | _tro_ | tro
towards | _al, en la direkto de_ | ahl, ehn lah
| | deerehk'toh deh
unexpectedly | _neatendite_ | neh-ahtehndee'teh
unless | _se...ne_ | seh...neh
until | _ĝis_ | jeess
up, upwards | _supren_ | soo'prehn
up above | _supre_ | soo'preh
weekly | _ĉiusemajne_ | chee'oo-sehmah'y-neh
well | _bone_ | bo'neh
when | _kiam_ | kee'ahm
whence? | _de kie?_ | deh kee'eh?
where? | _kie?_ | kee'eh?
wherever | _kie ajn_ | kee'eh ahyn'
whether, if | _ĉu_ | choo
while, whilst | _dum_ | doom
why? | _kial?_ | kee'ehl?
willingly | _volonte_ | volohn'teh
wisely | _saĝe_ | sah'jeh
with | _kun_ | koon
within | _interne_ | intehr'neh
without | _sen_ | sehn
yearly | _ĉiujare_ | chee'oo-yah'reh
yet, as yet | _ankoraŭ_ | ahnkoh'rahw
ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR.
The Article.
The DEFINITE ARTICLE _the_ is in Esperanto represented by _la_. Like the
article in English, _la_ does not vary with the number or gender of the
noun before which it is placed; e.g., _la briko_, the brick; _la
brikoj_, the bricks; _la patro_, the father; _la patrinoj_, the mothers.
The INDEFINITE ARTICLE _a_ is not expressed in Esperanto. Thus, "_filo_"
is _son_ or _a son_.
The Noun.
In Esperanto every noun in the singular ends in *o*. Thus: viro, _a
man_; la libro, _the book_. The plural is formed from the singular by
adding the termination *-j*. Thus: viroj, _men_; la libroj, _the books_.
In order to allow each nation to construct its sentences in the order to
which it is accustomed, every noun in Esperanto has two forms or
"cases," (1) the NOMINATIVE, or unchanged form, and (2) the ACCUSATIVE,
which is formed from the nominative by adding the termination *-n*. This
is merely to distinguish between subject and object. The accusative form
is also used to indicate motion towards, etc.
The Adjective.
All adjectives end in the nominative singular in *a*. They may be placed
either before or after the noun. As in the case of the noun, the plural
is formed by adding the termination *-j*, and the accusative is formed
by adding *-n* to the nominative. The adjective agrees in number and
case with the noun which it qualifies. Ex.:--
Blua libro (_or_ libro blua), _a blue book_; bluaj libroj, _blue books_.
La viro legas bluan libron. _The man reads a blue book._
La viroj legas bluajn librojn. _The men are reading blue books._
Thanks to the accusative case, one might say without loss of clearness:
Bluan libron legas la viro, _or_ la viro bluan libron legas, _or_ bluan
libron la viro legas, etc.
Degrees of Comparison.
There are three degrees of comparison, as in English:
The POSITIVE, as _bona_, good; _bela_, beautiful; _granda_, big, great.
The COMPARATIVE is formed by placing _pli_ (more) or _malpli_ (less)
before the positive, thus: _bona_, good--_pli bona_, better; _bela_,
beautiful--_malpli bela_, less beautiful. The comparison may be
heightened by using _multe_ (much), thus: _multe pli_ (or _malpli_)
_bela_.
_Than_ is translated by _ol_, thus: _pli_ (or _malpli_) _bela ol_...,
more (_or_ less) beautiful than...
The SUPERLATIVE degree is formed by using _plej_ (most) with the
positive; as _bela_, beautiful--_plej bela_, most beautiful.
_Of_ with a superlative is translated by the preposition _el_ (out of).
_La plej granda el ĉiuj_, the greatest of all.
_The more...the more_, _the less...the less_, are translated by means of
the particles _ju_ and _des_. Thus: _Ju pli oni studas, des pli oni
lernas_, the more one studies, the more one learns. _Ju pli mi kun li
parolas, des malpli mi lin estimas_, the more I speak to him, the less I
esteem him.
Cardinal Numbers.
The CARDINAL NUMBERS may be used as _nouns_, by the addition of the
ending *-o*. Thus, _unuo_, a unit; _trio_, a trio; _dekduo_, a dozen;
_dudeko_, a score; _cento_, a hundred; _milo_, a thousand. Note that
_miliono_ is ALWAYS used as a noun.
When a number or any other word is used as a noun of quantity, the noun
which follows it must be preceded by the quantitative preposition
*da*:--_Dekduo da ovoj_, a dozen eggs; _milo da soldatoj_, a thousand
soldiers (one might of course also say _dek du ovoj_, _mil soldatoj_);
_du metroj da drapo_, two metres of cloth; _tri funtoj da sukero_, three
pounds of sugar.
Ordinal Numbers.
The ORDINAL NUMBERS are formed by adding the adjectival ending *-a* to
the Cardinals. In Compound Ordinal Numbers, the groups of hundreds,
tens, units, etc., are _joined by hyphens_, and the ending *-a* is added
to the unit numeral. Thus: _unu_, one--_unua_, first; _tria_, third;
_dek-unua_, eleventh; _tridek-sepa_, thirty-seventh;
_kvarcent-sesdek-dua_, 462nd, and so on. Written in figures these would
be _1a_, _3a_, _11a_, _37a_, _462a_. The Ordinals are of course
inflected like adjectives. (See section "The Adjective".)
Fractions
FRACTIONALS are formed by adding the suffix *-on* (plus the endings *o*,
*a*, or *e* as required) to the Cardinal Numbers. Thus: _unu duono_,
one-half; _tri kvaronoj_, three-quarters; _dek sep dek-naŭonoj_, 17/19;
_dudek tri kvarmil-kvincent-tridek-naŭonoj_, 23/4539. _Duone vera_ (or
_duonvera_), half-true. _Tri-kvaronoj da funto_ (or _trikvaronfuntoj_),
3/4 lb. _Duono da funto_ (or _duonfunto_), 1/2 lb.
Multiples, Collectives, and Distributives.
MULTIPLE Numbers are formed from the Cardinals by adding the suffix
*-obl*, with the requisite grammatical ending *o*, *a*, or *e*. Thus:
_duobla_, double; _duoblo_, a double; _duoble_, doubly; _tridekoble_,
thirty-fold; _sesoble naŭ estas_ (or _faras_) _kvindek kvar_, six nines
are fifty-four; _duoble du estas kvar_, twice two are four.
COLLECTIVE Numerals are formed by the addition of the suffix *-op* (plus
the grammatical termination required). Thus: _duope_, two at a time, two
together; _naŭope_, nine at a time; _ili venadis dekope_, they came in
tens; _dumilopa taĉmento_, a detachment two thousand strong.
DISTRIBUTIVES are shown by the preposition _po_, meaning _at the rate
of_. Thus: _li aĉetis por ĉiu infano po ses pomoj_, he bought six apples
for each child; _li ricevas po dek ŝilingoj por ĉiu tago_, he gets ten
shillings a day; _la vagonaro veturas po sesdek mejloj en ĉiu horo_ (or
_ĉiuhore_), the train travels at (the rate of) sixty miles an hour, etc.
The Pronoun.
The PERSONAL PRONOUNS are, in the nominative: _Mi_, I; _vi_, you (sing.
and pl.); _ni_, we; _li_, he; _ŝi_, she; _ĝi_, it; _ili_, they.
The archaic English _thou_ may be translated by _ci_.
The Accusative case of the personal pronouns is formed like that of
nouns and adjectives, by adding *-n*. Thus: _Min_, me; _vin_, you;
_nin_, us; _lin_, him; _ŝin_, her; _ĝin_, it; _ilin_, them.
The REFLEXIVE PRONOUN of the 3rd person is _si_ (accusative _sin_),
standing for _himself_, _herself_, _itself_, _one's-self_, or
_themselves_, as the case may be. There is no special reflexive form for
the pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person, _I_, _we_, and _you_.
The INDEFINITE PERSONAL PRONOUN is _oni_ (= the French _on_)--one,
people, they, you. Ex.: _Li amas sin_, he loves himself; _ŝi amas sin_,
she loves herself; _ĝi montras sin_, it shows itself; _ili diras al si_,
they say to themselves; _oni vidas sin_, one sees one's-self; _mi lavas
min_, I wash myself; _vi laŭdas vin_, you praise yourself.
Possessive Adjectives or Pronouns.
By adding the adjectival ending *-a* to the personal pronouns, the
POSSESSIVE Adjectives and Pronouns are obtained. Thus: _Mia_, my, mine;
_cia_, thy, thine; _via_, your, yours; _nia_, our, ours; _lia_, his;
_ŝia_, her, hers; _ĝia_, its; _sia_ (reflexive), his, her(s), its,
their(s), one's.
NOTE the following use of _sia_. In English the sentence, "He saw his
friend with his brother," is not clear. Does it mean that he saw his
friend (1) with his _friend's brother_, or (2) with his _own brother_?
In Esperanto, the use of _sia_ makes the meaning quite clear; (1) would
be: _Li vidis sian amikon kun LIA frato_, and (2) would be: _Li vidis
sian amikon kun SIA frato_.
The word _mem_, meaning _-self or -selves_, may be added to a personal
pronoun to give emphasis. Thus: _Konu vin mem_, know thyself; _li iris
mem_, he went himself; _li mem_, himself; _li parolis al si mem_, he
spoke to himself.
Like other adjectives, possessives agree in case and number with the
noun to which they refer. Ex.:
_lia libro_, his book; _liaj libroj_, his books;
_ŝi havas lian, kaj li havas ŝian_, she has his, and he has hers;
_liaj estas la plej bonaj libroj_, his are the best books;
_mi preferas miajn_, I prefer mine; _li preferas siajn_, he prefers his;
_ili preferas siajn_, they prefer theirs.
Demonstrative Adjective or Pronoun.
The DEMONSTRATIVE Adjective and Pronoun "that" is rendered in Esperanto
by the word _tiu_ (acc. _tiun_); plural _tiuj_ (acc. _tiujn_), those.
The addition (either before or after) of the particle _ĉi_ to the
singular and plural respectively, gives _this_ and _these_. Ex.:
_Tiu viro_, that man. _Tiu estas mia_, that (one) is mine.
_Mi elektas tiun_, I choose that (one).
_Mi preferas tiun ĉi_ (or _ĉi tiujn_), I prefer this (one).
_Tiuj ĉi_ (or _ĉi tiuj_) _estas miaj_, these are mine.
_Mi portos tiujn ĉi_, I will carry these.
Interrogative Pronouns.
_Kiu?_--who, which? Plural, _kiuj?_ _Kio?_--what? _Kies?_--whose? _Al
kiu?_--to whom? _Kiun?_--whom? (acc.), _kiujn?_ (acc. plu.). Ex.:
_Kiu estas tiu?_--who is that?
_Kiun vi deziras vidi?_--whom do you desire to see?
_Kiuj foriris?_--which (ones) went away?
_Kiujn vi vidis?_--which ones did you see?
_Kiu_ is also used with ADJECTIVAL meaning. Thus: _Kiu libro estas
via?_--which book is yours? _Kiun libron vi preferas?_--which book do
you prefer? _Kiuj domoj apartenas al vi?_--which houses belong to you?
_Kiujn stratojn vi konas?_--which streets do you know? _Kio estas
tio?_--what is that? _Kion li volas?_--what does he want?
The English _-ever_ is translated by _ajn_. For example: _Kiu ajn li
estas, ne parolu al li_, whoever he be, do not speak to him. _Kies ajn_,
whosesoever. _Kiu(j)n ajn_, whomever.
Relative Pronouns.
The Relative Pronouns are identical with the Interrogative: _Kiu(j)_,
who, that, which, _kiu(j)n_, whom, that, which. Ex.:
_La libro, kiun vi legas_, the book (which) you are reading.
_Tiu, kiu parolis al vi_, the one who spoke to you.
_La personoj, kiujn li konas_, the persons (whom) he knows.
_Tio, kion li diras, ne estas vera_, what he says is not true.
_La arbo, kies supron vi vidas_, the tree whose top you can see.
Indefinite Pronouns.
_iu_ (acc. _iun_), anyone, someone or other;
_ies_, anyone's, someone's;
_iuj_ (acc. _iujn_), any persons, some persons or other;
_io_ (acc. _ion_), anything, something.
_ĉiu_ (acc. _ĉiun_), everyone, each;
_ĉies_, everyone's, everybody's, each one's;
_ĉiuj_ (acc. _ĉiujn_), everybody, all;
_ĉio_ (acc. _ĉion_), everything, all.
_neniu_ (acc. _neniun_), no one, nobody;
_nenies_, no one's, nobody's;
_nenio_ (acc. _nenion_), nothing, not anything.
NOTE.--_Iu_, _ĉiu_, and _neniu_ are also used with nouns. Thus: _Kiun
libron vi deziras?_ Which book do you desire? _Iun ajn libron._ Any
book. _Iu homo_, any man, some man or other. _Ĉiu bona patro amas siajn
infanojn_, every good father loves his children. _Ĉiuj liaj amikoj_ (or
_ĉiu lia amiko_), all his friends, every friend of his. _Mi renkontis
neniun amikon_, I met no friend.
Other PRONOMINAL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS are:
_multaj(n)_, many; _multo(n)_, much; _malmultaj(n), malmulte da..._, a
few. Ex.: _malmultaj personoj_, few persons; _malmulte da scio_, little
knowledge.
_kelkajn_, some, several; _kelke da..._, some. Ex.: _kelkaj personoj_,
some persons, several persons; _kelke da libroj_, some (quantity of)
books.
_alia(n)_, another, other; _aliaj(n)_, others. Ex.: _ili parolis unu al
alia_, they spoke to one another; _ni parolis unu al la alia_, we spoke
to each other; _unu aŭ la alia taŭgos_, either (one or the other) will
do; _nek unu nek la alia konvenas_, neither (one nor the other) is
suitable.
_ambaŭ_ (invariable), both. Ex.: _ambaŭ venis_, both came; _mi konas
ambaŭ fratojn_, I know both brothers; _mi vidis ilin ambaŭ_, I saw both
of them; _mi ŝatas ambaŭ_, I like both.
The Verb.
Tenses.
The VERB in Esperanto has three main Tenses--the Present, Past, and
Future. These are denoted by means of the verbal endings *-as*, *-is*,
and *-os*. Thus, from the root _vid_, see, are formed:
Present. | Past. | Future.
_mi vidas_, I see | _mi vidis_, I saw | _mi vidos_, I shall see
Moods.
Every Esperanto verb has three Moods--the Conditional, the Imperative,
and the Infinitive, which are formed respectively by means of the
endings *-us*, *-u*, and *-i*. Thus:
Conditional. | Imperative. | Infinitive.
_mi vidus_, I should see | _vidu_, see! | _vidi_, to see
The CONDITIONAL Mood is used to express _supposition_; the three Tenses,
on the other hand, are used to express _facts_ or actual happenings.
(For examples, see §. "Conjunctions".)
The IMPERATIVE Mood is used to express an order, desire, wish, will,
etc. (See §. "Use of Imperative".) Used with the personal pronouns of
the 1st and 2nd persons, this mood corresponds to the English _let_,
used as an expression of a wish. Thus: _mi pensu_, let me think; _li
venu morgaŭ_, let him come to-morrow; _ili parolu_, let them speak.
NOTE that _let_ sometimes means _to allow, to give leave_, in which case
the verb _lasi_ is used. Thus: let (allow) him come, _lasu lin veni_;
leave it there, _lasu ĝin tie_.
The Imperative may be used interrogatively to translate the English
_shall_, with an idea of wish or desire. Thus:
What shall I give you? _Kion mi donu al vi?_
What shall we do to-day? _Kion ni faru hodiaŭ?_
_What will he do?_ would of course be simply _Kion li faros?_--for there
is here no question of desire or wish, but merely a question of future
action.
The INFINITIVE Mood is used to express the mere idea of the verb,
without any limit of person or number, and corresponds to the English
_to_ before the verb. Thus: _kuri_, to run; _paroli_, to speak.
NOTE.--In Esperanto, as is largely the case in English, the mood and
tense endings of the verb _do not vary_ according to person or number.
For instance: _mi vidas_, I see, _li vidas_, he sees; also _ni vidis_,
we saw, _ili vidis_, they saw; _vi vidos_, you will see; _oni vidos_,
one will see; _ŝi vidus_, she would see, _vi vidus_, you would see.
Participles.
There are in Esperanto _six_ participles, three active and three
passive, corresponding to three tenses. They are formed in the ACTIVE by
means of the endings *-ant*, *-int*, and *-ont*, and in the PASSIVE by
means of the endings *-at*, *-it*, *-ot*, with the addition of the
adjectival termination *-a*. Thus:
ACTIVE.
Present. | Past. | Future.
_vidanta_, seeing | _vidinta_, having-seen | _vidonta_, about-to-see
PASSIVE.
_vidata_, | _vidita_, | _vidota_,
(being) seen | (having-been) seen | (about-to-be) seen
The PARTICIPLES may be used either as _Nouns_, _Adjectives_, or
_Adverbs_, the terminations *-o*, *-a*, *-e* being added to the
participial endings as required. When used as nouns or adjectives, they
of course take the sign of the Plural (*-j*) and of the Accusative
(*-n*) when the construction of the sentence so requires. Ex.:
(1) ACTIVE. _En la venonta jaro_, in the coming year. _La parolanto_,
the speaker. _La aŭskultantoj_, the audience (_lit._, listeners). _Mi
vidis lin skribantan_, I saw him writing. _Li foriris kurante_, he
went off at a run. _Li revenis ne vidinte sian amikon_, he returned
without having seen his friend.
(2) PASSIVE. _La ekzamenato_, the examinee. _La mortigitoj kaj
vunditoj_, the killed and wounded. _Estimata sinjoro_, dear (_lit._,
esteemed) sir. _Frapote, li sin defendis_, about to be struck, he
defended himself. _Mi aŭdis tiun himnon kantatan_, I heard that hymn
sung.
Compound Tenses.
The COMPOUND TENSES are formed by means of the auxiliary verb *esti*, to
be. Thus, by the combination of the participles with the six tenses and
moods, we obtain thirty-six compound tenses, enabling us to express with
the utmost precision any time-relation whatsoever. We have in all:
_li estas_, or _estis_, or _estos_ { _vidanta_ or _vidata_
or _estus_, or _estu_, or _esti_ { _vidinta_ or _vidita_
{ _vidonta_ or _vidota_
The use of the participles is very easy when once one grasps the fact
that the auxiliary _esti_ serves to denote the particular division of
time, or the particular manner, of the occurrence of the action denoted
by the participle. Ex.:
_Li estis skribanta, kiam mi vidis lin_, he was writing when I saw him.
_Li estis fininta, kiam mia amiko alvenis_, he had finished (_lit._,
was having finished) when my friend arrived.
_Mi estis tuj forironta, kiam vi aperis_, I was just about to go out
when you appeared.
_Li estas nunmomente parolanta_, he is speaking at this very moment.
_Li estas mortonta_, he is about to die.
_Li estus jam foririnta_, he would have already departed (_lit._,
would be already gone away).
The word _by_ after a Passive is translated by the preposition *de*.
Thus: The wood was being chopped by the boy, _la ligno estis hakata de
la knabo_. He has been seen by all, _li estas vidita de ĉiuj_.
NOTE.--The COMPOUND TENSES should not be used if the SIMPLE TENSES
suffice to show the meaning clearly. Thus, _I have seen him_ is more
neatly expressed by _mi jam vidis lin_ than by _mi estas vidinta lin_.
_Li jam foriris_ might stand for either _he had gone_ or _he has gone_,
according to circumstances, and the context would clearly show which was
meant. _Li parolas_ is generally quite right for _he is speaking_. _Li
estas parolanta_ should be used only when it is particularly intended to
show that he is _actually engaged_ in the act of speaking.
The Adverb.
In Esperanto, ADVERBS are denoted by the ending *-e*, and may be placed
in any position, either before or after the verb. Thus: _bela_,
beautiful--_bele_, beautifully; _vera_, true--_vere_, truly. _Li parolas
saĝe_, he speaks wisely. _Li rapide kuras_, he runs quickly.
Adverbial Numbers.
ADVERBIAL NUMBERS are formed by adding *-e* to the Cardinals. Thus:
_unue_ (_1e_), firstly; _trie_ (_3e_), thirdly; _sepe_ (_7e_), etc.
The Preposition.
In English, one preposition often has many different meanings. In
Esperanto, on the contrary, every preposition, with the exception of the
word _je_, has one precise and fixed meaning.
The preposition *je* is the only one in Esperanto without a definite
meaning. It sometimes happens that one wishes to use a preposition of
some sort or other, but is uncertain just which preposition will
precisely express the idea. In such cases _je_ is used. Thus: He laughed
_at_ me, _li ridis je mi_; full _of_ water, _plena je akvo_; six metres
long, _longa je ses metroj_; fear _of_ him, _timo je li_, etc.
_Je_ should not be abused. Its too frequent use is a mark of the
beginner in the language.
Use of Accusative.
When there is no ambiguity to be feared, the preposition _je_, and even
other prepositions, are often omitted in Esperanto; and the word to
which the preposition, if expressed, would have referred is put into the
accusative. Thus, instead of saying _li ridas je mi_ (he is laughing at
me), one might say _li ridas min_; similarly, _du metrojn alta_ would
stand for _alta je du metroj_. _Ĝi kostis je tri ŝilingoj_ is more
usually expressed: _ĝi kostis tri ŝilingojn_. _Mi restis tie dum kvin
horoj_ (I stayed there for five hours) could be: _mi restis tie kvin
horojn_; and so on.
Certain prepositions, viz., _antaŭ_, before, _ĉe_, at, _en_, in, _sub_,
under, _sur_, on, _kontraŭ_, against, _super_, over, and _trans_,
across, are often used to denote _movement towards_, whereas of
themselves they only express _rest at_. In order to make it quite clear
whether motion or rest is intended, use is made of the accusative. Thus:
_li promenis en la urbo_, he took a walk _in_ the city; but _li promenis
en la urbon_, he took a walk _into_ the city. _Li kuris antaŭ mi_, he
ran (along) before or in front of me; but _li paŝis antaŭ min_, he
stepped in front of me; and so on.
ADVERBS are sometimes used with prepositional force. Thus: _proksime de
la domo_, near the house; _dekstre de la arbo_, on the right of the
tree, etc.
The Conjunction.
A full list of CONJUNCTIONS will be found on §. 37. The following
constructions should be noted:
Tenses after _Ke_ (that).
_Mi vidis, ke ŝi ploras_, I saw (that) she was crying.
_Mi sciis, ke li venos_, I knew that he _would_ come.
_Mi sciis, ke li jam alvenis_, I knew (that) he had already arrived.
_Li diris, ke se li estus tiel granda, kiel mi, li facile farus tion_,
he said that if he were as tall as I, he would easily do that.
Note that in Esperanto the verb is put in the exact time or tense used
by the speaker. Thus: _mi ne sciis, ĉu li venos_, I did not know whether
he would (_lit._, will) come; _ili ne diris, ĉu ili vin renkontis_, they
did not say whether they had met you.
Use of Imperative.
After verbs expressing wish, intention, will, or desire, or command, the
verb following is put in the IMPERATIVE MOOD. Thus: _mi ordonas, ke li
venu_, I order that he come (him to come); _mi tre deziris, ke li vivu_,
I very much wanted him to live; _ili intencis, ke ni perdu_, they
intended us to lose. Here the actual expressions used were: _li venu_,
_li vivu_, _ili perdu_.
Use of Conditional after _Se_.
_Se vi tiel diris, vi malprave faris_, if you spoke thus you did
wrongly.
_Se vi tiel dirus, vi estus malprava_, if you said (were to say) thus,
you would be wrong.
_Se vi venos, vi vidos_, if you (will) come, you will see.
Interjections.
The following are the principal INTERJECTIONS:
_adiaŭ!_ adieu! farewell!
_ah!_ ah!
_antaŭen!_ forward!
_atentu!_ look out!
_bis!_ encore!
_bone!_ good!
_certe!_ certainly!
_ĉu ne?_ or _ĉu ne vere?_ is not that so?
_ĉu vere?_ is that so?
_efektive!_ indeed!
_fi!_ fie!
_for!_ away! be off!
_ha!_ ha!
_halt!_ halt!
_he!_ hey! halloo!
_ho!_ oh!
_ho ve!_ alas!
_hontinde!_ shameful!
_jen!_ there!
_kompreneble!_ naturally! of course!
_ne!_ no!
_neeble!_ impossible!
_nu!_ well!
_rapide!_ quick!
_rapidu!_ hurry up!
Formation of Words.
In Esperanto, considerable use is made of prefixes and suffixes, every
one of which has a clear, fixed meaning. Great economy of vocabulary is
thus effected, one root-word in Esperanto sufficing, when modified by
suitable affixes, to translate many English words. Many of the affixes
are often met with as single words. In such cases the English
translation is added after the various examples of the affix in
question.
Prefixes.
*bo-* denotes RELATIONSHIP BY MARRIAGE: _patro_, father, _bopatro_,
father-in-law; _filo_, son, _bofilo_, son-in-law.
*dis-* denotes SEPARATION: _ĵeti_, to throw, _disĵeti_, to scatter,
throw about; _peli_, to drive along, _dispeli_, to dispel, _fali_, to
fall, _disfali_, to fall apart, fall to pieces.
*ek-* denotes a BEGINNING OF AN ACTION, a MOMENTARY ACTION: _iri_, to
go, _ekiri_, to begin to go, to start; _brili_, to shine, _ekbrili_, to
begin to shine, to flash.
*ge-* denotes the TWO SEXES TAKEN TOGETHER: _patro_, father, _gepatroj_,
father and mother, parents; _frato_, brother, _gefratoj_, brother(s) and
sister(s); _Gesinjoroj B._, Mr. and Mrs. B.
*mal-* denotes the OPPOSITE OF AN IDEA: _bona_, good, _malbona_, bad;
_ŝati_, to like, _malŝati_, to dislike; _amiko_, friend, _malamiko_,
enemy; _laŭta_, loud, _mallaŭte_, softly.--_Malo_, an opposite; _male_,
on the contrary.
*pra-* is a prefix of RELATIONSHIP, corresponding to the English FORE-,
GREAT-: _patro_, father, _prapatro_, forefather, ancestor; _avo_,
grandfather; _praavo_, great-grandfather; _nepo_, grandson, _pranepo_,
great-grandson.
*re-* denotes RETURN AND REPETITION: _iri_, to go, _reiri_, to go back,
or to go again; _repreni_, to take back; _revidi_, to see again.--_Ree_,
again.
Suffixes.
*-aĉ* denotes that a word is used in a BAD SENSE, with DISPARAGEMENT:
_domo_, a house, _domaĉo_, a hovel; _ridi_, to laugh, _ridaĉi_, to
sneer.
*-ad* denotes CONTINUATION OR DURATION of an action: _paroli_, to speak,
_paroladi_, to make a speech; _kanto_, a song, _kantado_, singing;
_vojaĝo_, a voyage, _vojaĝado_, travelling; _rido_, a laugh, _ridado_,
laughter.
*-aĵ* denotes some CONCRETE THING characterized by the idea contained in
the root: _bela_, beautiful, _belaĵo_, a beautiful thing; _nutri_, to
feed, nourish, _nutraĵo_ (or _nutrantaĵo_), food; _ĝentila_, polite,
_ĝentilaĵo_, a polite act, act of politeness; _bovo_, ox, _bovaĵo_,
beef.--_Aĵo_, a thing.
*-an* denotes a PARTISAN OF, a MEMBER, an INHABITANT: _Kristo_, Christ,
_Kristano_, a Christian; _eklezio_, a church, _ekleziano_, a churchman;
_Londonano_, a Londoner.--_Ano_, a member.
*-ar* denotes a COLLECTION OF, a NUMBER OF: _arbo_, tree, _arbaro_, a
forest; _homo_, a human being, _homaro_, mankind; _vorto_, a word,
_vortaro_, a dictionary.--_Aro_, a collection, number, gathering.
*-ĉj* added to the first two to five letters of a word, is used to
denote MASCULINE DIMINUTIVES OF ENDEARMENT: _Johano_, John, _Joĉjo_,
Jack; _patro_, father, _paĉjo_, papa, daddy.
*-ebl* denotes POSSIBILITY, and corresponds to the English suffixes
-ABLE, -IBLE: _kredi_, to believe, _kredebla_, credible; _videbla_,
visible; _al_, to, _iri_, to go, _alirebla_, accessible.
*-ec* denotes ABSTRACT IDEAS, QUALITIES and corresponds to the English
suffixes -NESS, -SHIP, etc.: _feliĉa_, happy, _feliĉeco_, happiness;
_alta_, high, _alteco_, height; _reĝo_, king, _reĝeco_, kingship.
*-eg* denotes AUGMENTATION, INTENSITY OF DEGREE: _granda_, big, great,
_grandega_, enormous; _bela_, beautiful, _belega_, magnificent; _ŝtono_,
stone, _ŝtonego_, rock; _pafilo_, a gun, _pafilego_, cannon.
*-ej* denotes a PLACE SPECIALLY SET APART FOR or allotted to: _preĝi_,
to pray, _preĝejo_, church; _manĝi_, to eat, _manĝejo_, refectory;
_kuirejo_, kitchen; _enirejo_, entrance; _elirejo_, exit.
*-em* denotes PROPENSITY, INCLINATION, DISPOSITION: _paroli_, to talk,
_parolema_, talkative; _mensogi_, to lie, _mensogema_, untruthful.
*-er* denotes an ELEMENT OF, a UNIT, a GRAIN: _polvo_, dust, _polvero_,
a grain of dust; _fajrero_, a spark; _hajlero_, hailstone; _mono_,
money, _monero_, a coin.--_Ero_, particle, grain, element.
*-estr* denotes a CHIEF, LEADER, HEAD: _regno_, state; _regnestro_, head
of the state, ruler; _lernejo_, school, _lernejestro_,
head-master.--_Estro_, leader, chief; _estraro_, the authorities;
_estri_, to act as chief.
*-id* denotes a DESCENDANT, OFFSPRING, YOUNG OF: _bovo_, ox, _bovido_,
calf; _ŝafo_, a sheep, _ŝafido_, lamb; _Izraelido_, Israelite; _la
homidoj_, the sons of man; _Sro. Brown kaj la Brownidoj_, Mr. Brown and
the little Browns.--_Ido_, a descendant, child; _idaro_, descendants,
offspring.
*-et* denotes DIMINUTION OF DEGREE (compare _-eg_ above): _bela_,
beautiful, _beleta_, pretty; _venteto_, breeze; _ridi_, to laugh,
_rideti_, to smile; _bona_, good, _boneta_, fairly good,
mediocre.--_Eta_, tiny.
*-ig* denotes a MAKING, RENDERING, CAUSING TO BE: _granda_, great,
_grandigi_, to enlarge; _venigi kuraciston_, to send for (cause to come)
a doctor; _halti_, to stop (intr.), _haltigi_, to stop (tr.); _tranĉigi
al si la harojn_, to get one's hair cut.--_Igi_, to make, render.
*-iĝ* denotes a BECOMING, GETTING, GROWING, BEING MADE: _hela_, bright,
_heliĝi_, to grow or become bright; _ruĝa_, red, _ruĝiĝi_, to redden,
blush; _disiĝi_, to separate (intr.).--_Iĝi_, to become.
With transitive verbs _iĝ-_ is used to make intransitive verbs, thus:
_renversi_, to overthrow, turn upside down, _renversiĝi_, to turn
(intr.) upside down, to get overthrown; _fari_, to make, _fariĝi_, to
become; _perdiĝi_, to get lost; _vidiĝi_, to be seen.
Used with intransitive verbs, _iĝ-_ gives the idea of a becoming, a
GRADUAL TRANSITION from one state to another: _morti_, to die,
_mortiĝi_, to become dead, to die away, to expire; _sidi_, to be seated,
_sidiĝi_, to become seated, to sit down.
NOTE that, since verbs in _-iĝ_ are of necessity intransitive, their
participles should only be used in the ACTIVE FORM. Thus:
_renversiĝ_*inta*, having become overthrown, and not _renversiĝ_*ita*;
_perdiĝ_*inta*, having become lost, not _perdiĝ_*ita*; and so on. One
might of course simply say _renversita_, overthrown, and _perdita_,
lost, though the meaning would in that case not be quite the same.
*-il* denotes an INSTRUMENT, TOOL, or MEANS: _tranĉi_, to cut,
_tranĉilo_, a knife; _filtri_, to filter, _filtrilo_, a filter; _teni_,
to hold, _tenilo_, a handle.--_Ilo_, tool, instrument; _ilaro_, set of
tools.
*-ind* denotes WORTHINESS (English -WORTHY): _laŭdi_, to praise,
_laŭdinda_, praiseworthy; _vidinda_, worth seeing, _vidindaĵoj_, things
worth seeing, sights.--_Inda (je)_, worthy (of); _indeco_, worthiness.
*-ing* denotes the HOLDER OF A SINGLE OBJECT (compare _-uj_ below):
_plumo_, pen, _plumingo_, penholder; _fingro_, finger, _fingringo_,
thimble; _cigaringo_, cigar-holder.--_Ingo_, a socket, holder.
*-in* denotes FEMININES: _viro_, a man, _virino_, a woman; _patro_,
father, _patrino_, mother.--_Ino_, a female.
*-ist* denotes TRADE, OCCUPATION, PROFESSION: _labori_, to work,
_laboristo_, workman; _kuraci_, to treat (medically), _kuracisto_,
doctor.
*-nj* added to the first two to five letters of a word, is used to form
FEMININE DIMINUTIVES OF ENDEARMENT (compare _-ĉj_ above): _Johanino_,
Jane, _Johanjo_, Jenny; _patrino_, mother, _panjo_, mamma.
*-uj* denotes a RECEPTACLE which contains or bears a COLLECTION OR A
QUANTITY of things or material (compare _-ing_ above): _mono_, money,
_monujo_, purse; _inko_, ink, _inkujo_, inkstand.--_Ujo_, a utensil
case, bin.
The suffix _-uj_ is also used to denote TREES bearing certain fruits:
_pomo_, apple, _pomujo_, apple-tree; _ĉerizujo_, cherry-tree; _rozujo_,
rose-bush. The word _arbo_, however, is more frequently used in such
cases: _pomarbo_, _rozarbeto_, etc.
_-Uj_ is also used to denote the NAMES OF COUNTRIES: _Anglo_,
Englishman, _Anglujo_, England; _Franco_, a Frenchman, _Francujo_,
France. (See footnote 4.)
*-ul* denotes a BEING CHARACTERISED BY THE IDEA CONTAINED IN THE
ROOT-WORD: _bela_, beautiful, _belulino_, a beautiful woman, a beauty;
_kulpo_, blame, _kulpulo_, culprit; _laŭdindulo_, one worthy to be
praised; _bonulo_, a good fellow; _bonegulo_, a jolly good fellow.
*-um* is an INDEFINITE SUFFIX, like the word _je_ among the
prepositions, Thus: _pleni_, to fill, _plenumi_, to fulfil (compare
_plenigi_, to fill); _kolo_, neck, _kolumo_, collar; _aero_, air,
_aerumi_, to air (a room, clothes, etc.).
[Words containing _-um_ should be learnt as independent roots.]
Compound Words.
In Esperanto, any word can be combined with any other word or words to
form a compound word. Considerable use is made of prepositions for this
purpose. The requisite grammatical ending must of course be added in
each case. The student should carefully study the following words, and
also those given above, and endeavour to form words for himself.[9]
Ability to form words readily is absolutely necessary to fluent speech
or composition in the language. In the examples given below the
component parts of the words are separated by a small stroke ('), but
these are of course omitted in ordinary usage:
_El'iri_, to go out
_antaŭ'ĉambro_, antechamber
_pri'pensi_, to think over, reflect upon
_preter'paŝi_, to pass by
_per'labori_, to earn (gain by working)
_per'forto_, violence
_tra'vivi_, to live through, experience
_supre'n'iri_, to go up, ascend
_inter'rompi_, to interrupt
_kun'veno_, an assembly, meeting
_al'paroli_, to address, accost
_inter'rilati_, to relate one with another
_inter'rilatoj_, inter-relations
_inter'nacia_, international
_skrib(o)'tablo_, writing-table
_dorm(o)'ĉambro_, bedroom
_naz'tuko_, handkerchief
_ter'tremo_, earthquake
_glit'iri_, to skate
_glit'veturilo_, a sleigh
_pied'ir'anto_, a pedestrian
_bru'fermi_, to slam
_facil'mova_, agile, easy-moving
_hom'amo_, philanthropy
_bon'far'anto_, benefactor
_strat'lanterno_, street-lamp
_bot'far'isto_, bootmaker
_sam'profesi'anoj_, members of the same profession
_ĉio'potenca_, all-powerful
_libr'amanto_, a book-lover
_doktor'edzino_, doctor's wife
_mon'akir'ilo_, a means of getting money
_ĉio'n'faranta_, all-doing
_alt'anima_, high-souled
_vivi'pova_, capable of life
_ali'landulo_, foreigner
_ali'maniere_, in another way
_tiu'speca_, of that kind
CORRELATIVE WORDS.
INDEFINITE |Interrog. Rel. |Demonstrative |Distributive |Negative
| K | T | Ĉ | NEN
QUALITY---------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IA | KIA | TIA | ĈIA | NENIA
Some (kind of) |What (sort |That sort of |Each kind of |No (kind
Any (kind of) |of)? |Such (a) |Every (kind |of)
| | |of) |
REASON----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IAL | KIAL | TIAL | ĈIAL | NENIAL
For some |For what |For that |For every |For no
reason. For |reason? Why? |reason |reason. On |reason. On
any reason | |Therefore |every account |no account
TIME------------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IAM | KIAM | TIAM | ĈIAM | NENIAM
At some time |At what time? |At that time |At all times |At no time
Sometimes, |When? |Then |Always, each |Never
ever | | |time |
PLACE-----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IE | KIE | TIE | ĈIE | NENIE
At any place |At what place? |In that place |At each place |At no place
Somewhere |Where? |There |Everywhere |Nowhere
MANNER----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IEL | KIEL | TIEL | ĈIEL | NENIEL
In some way |In what way? |In that way |In every way |In no way
anyhow |How? Like, as |So, thus, as |In each way |Nohow
POSSESSION------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IES | KIES | TIES | ĈIES | NENIES
Somebody's |Whose? |That one's |Everyone's |Nobody's
Anybody's |What person's? |That person's |Each one's |No one's
THING-----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IO | KIO | TIO | ĈIO | NENIO
Something |What (thing)? |That (thing) |All |Nothing
Anything | | |Everything |Nought
QUANTITY--------+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IOM | KIOM | TIOM | ĈIOM | NENIOM
Some |How much? |So much |All |None
A little |What Quantity? |That quantity |The whole |
| | |quantity |
INDIVIDUALITY---+---------------+--------------+--------------+-----------
IU | KIU | TIU | ĈIU | NENIU
Anyone |What person? |That one |Everyone, |Nobody
| | |every |No one
CONVERSATIONAL PHRASES AND SENTENCES.
38. Useful and Necessary Expressions. (_Utilaj kaj Necesaj Esprimoj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Do you speak | _Ĉu vi parolas angle?_ | choo vee pahro'lahss
English? | | ahn'gleh?
I do not speak | _Mi ne parolas angle._ | mee neh pahro'lahss
English. | | ahn'gleh
Is there anyone | _Ĉu estas ĉi tie iu_, | choo eh'stahss chee
here who speaks | _kiu parolas | tee'eh ee'oo, kee'oo
Esperanto? | Esperante?_ | pahro'lahss
| | espehrahn'teh?
How long have you | _Dum kiom da tempo vi | doom kee'ohm dah
learnt? | lernadis?_ | tehm'po vi
| | lehrnah'deess?
A short time only | _Dum nur mallonga | doom noor mahl-lohn'gah
| tempo_ | tehmpo
You have a good | _Vi havas bonan | vee ha'vahss boh'nahn
accent | akcenton_ | ahk-tsehn'ton
I find the | _Mi trovas la | mee tro'vahss lah
pronunciation | elparoladon tre | ehl-parolah'dohn treh
very easy | facila_ | faht-see'lah
If you please | _Se plaĉas_ | seh plah'chahss
Thank you; thanks! | _Mi dankas; dankon!_ | mee dahn'kahss;
| | dahn'kohn!
I thank you | _Mi dankas vin_ | mee dahn'kahss veen
Much obliged | _Vi estas tre kompleza_ | vee eh'stahss treh
| | kohmpleh'zah
Have the goodness | _Havu la bonecon_ | hah'voo lah
| | bo-neht'sohn
Yes, sir | _Jes, sinjoro_ | yehss, seen-yoh'roh
Yes, miss | _Jes, fraŭlino_ | yehss, frahw-lee'no
No, madam | _Ne, sinjorino_ | neh, seen-yoh-ree'no
Allow me | _Permesu (min)_ | pehrmeh'soo (meen)
Bring me | _Alportu al mi_ | ahlpohr'too ahl mee
Do you understand? | _Ĉu vi komprenas?_ | choo vee
| | kohmpreh'nahss?
I do not | _Mi ne komprenas_ | mee neh kohm-preh'nahss
understand | |
I understand | _Mi komprenas_ | mee kohm-preh'nahss
Give me | _Donu al mi_ | doh'noo ahl mee
Send me | _Sendu al mi_ | sehn'doo ahl mee
Tell me | _Diru al mi_ | deer'oo ahl mee
Will you kindly | _Ĉu vi afable dirus al | choo vee ahfah'bleh
tell me? | mi?_ | deer'ooss ahl mee?
What do you say? | _Kion vi diras?_ | kee'ohn vee deer'ahss?
I beg your pardon | _Mi petas vian | mee peh'tahss vee'ahn
| pardonon_ | pahrdoh'nohn
Speak louder | _Parolu pli laŭte_ | pa-ro'loo plee
| | lah'w-teh
What did you ask? | _Kion vi demandis?_ | kee'ohn vee
| | deh-mahn'deess?
What does it | _Kion tio signifas?_ | kee'ohn tee'oh
signify? | | signee'fahss?
It is nothing | _(Ĝi) estas nenio_ | (jee) eh'stahss
| | neh-nee'o
It is all the same | _Estas por mi | ehstahss pohr mee
to me | indiferente_ | indifehrehn'teh
Never mind | _Ne zorgu pri tio_ | neh zor'goo pree tee'oh
What is the | _Kio estas?_ | kee'oh eh'stahss?
matter? | |
Nothing | _Nenio_ | nehnee'oh
It is all a | _Estas pura eraro_ | eh'stahss poor'ah
mistake | | ehrahr'oh
What is it about? | _Pri kio estas?_ | pree kee'oh eh'stahss?
What is to be | _Kion fari?_ | kee'ohn fahr'ee?
done? | |
I haven't a notion | _Mi tute ne scias_ | mee too'teh neh
| | stsee'ahs
That depends | _Tio dependas_ | tee'oh dehpehn'dahss
I don't believe it | _Mi ne kredas ĝin_ | mee neh kred'ahss jeen
Of course | _Kompreneble_ | kohmpreh-neh'bleh
On the contrary | _Kontraŭe_ | kohntrah'weh
Once for all | _Unu fojon por ĉiam_ | oonoo foyohn por
| | chee'ahm
After all | _Kiam ĉio estas | kee'ahm chee'oh
| konsiderita_ | eh'stahss
| | kohn-seedeh-ree'tah
That is of no | _Tio ne estas grava_ | tee'oh neh eh'stahss
consequence | | grah'vah
The other day | _La alian tagon_ | lah ahlee'ahn tah'gohn
At the end of a | _Post unu jaro_ | post oo'noo yah'ro
year | |
Between ourselves | _Inter ni_ | in'tehr nee
Everybody knows | _Ĉiu scias_ | chee'oo stsee'ahss
I remember it | _Mi memoras tion_ | mee meh-mohr'ahss
| | tee'ohn
All at once | _Subite_ | soobee'teh
Sooner or later | _Frue aŭ malfrue_ | froo'eh ahw mahlfroo'eh
Ever so little | _Tre tre malmulte_ | treh treh mahl-mool'teh
You are joking | _Vi ŝercas_ | vee shehrt'sahss
You are right | _Vi estas prava_ | vee eh'stahss pra'vah
Leave me alone | _Lasu min trankvila_ | lahsoo meen
| | trahnkvee'lah
Don't be angry | _Ne koleru_ | neh ko-lehr'oo
So much the more | _Tiom pli_ | tee'ohm plee
For want of time | _Pro manko de tempo_ | pro mahn'ko deh tehm'po
Take this | _Prenu tion_ | preh'noo tee'ohn
Make haste! | _Rapidu!_ | rahpee'doo!
Come along! | _Venu!_ | veh'noo!
Take care! | _Zorge!_ | zohr'gheh!
Look out! | _Atentu!_ | ahtehn'too!
Listen! | _Aŭskultu!_ | ahw-skool'too!
Come in! | _Eniru!_ | ehneer'oo!
(Come) here! | _(Venu) tien ĉi!_ | (veh'noo) tee'ehn chee!
Go away! | _Foriru!_ | for-eer'oo!
This way | _Tien ĉi_ | tee'ehn chee
That way | _Tien_ | tee'ehn
Too soon | _Tro frue_ | tro froo'eh
Too late | _Tro malfrue_ | tro mahl-froo'eh
Who is it calls | _Kiu min vokas?_ | kee'oo meen vo'kahss?
me? | |
What do you want? | _Kion vi volas?_ | kee'ohn vee vo'lahss?
Would you kindly? | _Ĉu vi afable...?_ | choo vee ahfah'bleh...?
Do your best | _Faru vian eblon_ | fahroo vee'ahn eh'blohn
It only depends | _Tio dependas nur de | tee'oh dehpehn'dahss
upon you | vi_ | noor deh vee
With all my heart | _Kun mia tuta koro_ | koon mee'ah too'tah
| | kohr'oh
I am going to town | _Mi iras urbon_ | mee eer'ahss oor'bohn
Are we going | _Ĉu ni ien iras?_ | choo nee ee'ehn
anywhere? | | eer'ahss?
Where have you | _De kie vi venis?_ | deh kee'eh vee
come from? | | veh'neess?
Don't go away | _Ne foriru_ | neh for-eer'oo
I shall go home | _Mi iros hejmen_ | mee eer'ohss heh'y-mehn
He has come back | _Li revenis_ | lee rehveh'neess
He has just come | _Li ĵus eniris_ | lee zhooss ehneer'eess
in | |
On horseback | _Surĉevale_ | soor-chehvah'leh
From top to bottom | _De supre ĝis malsupre_ | deh soo'preh jees
| | mahl-soo'preh
Upstairs | _Supre_ | soo'preh
Downstairs | _Malsupre_ | mahl-soo'preh
In some way or | _Iel_ | ee'ehl
other | |
In the meantime | _Intertempe_ | in'tehr-tehm'peh
First of all | _Unue_ | oonoo'eh
That is just like | _Jen ja via maniero!_ | yehn yah vee'ah
you! | | mah-nee-ehr'oh!
It is not my fault | _Mi ne estas kulpa pri | mee neh eh'stahss
| tio_ | kool'pah pree tee'oh
That is what vexes | _Jen kio min kolerigas_ | yehn kee'oh meen
me | | kol-ehree'gahss
Don't imagine | _Ne imagu (al vi), | neh imah'goo (ahl vee),
that... | ke..._ | keh...
What good is it? | _Kion (ĝi) utilas?_ | kee'ohn jee
| | ootee'lahss?
Where was I? | _Kie mi estis?_ | kee'eh mee eh'steess?
As for me | _Pri mi mem_ | pree mee mehm
He began to laugh | _Li komencis ridi_ | lee komehnt'seess
| | ree'dee
I cannot see any | _Mi ne plu povas vidi_ | mee neh ploo po'vahss
longer | | vee'dee
Three are enough | _Tri sufiĉas por mi_ | tree soofee'chahss pohr
for me | | mee
One is as good as | _Unu estas tiel bona, | oo'noo eh'stahss
the other | kiel la alia_ | tee'ehl bo'nah,
| | kee'ehl la ah-lee'ah
Will you give me? | _Ĉu vi donos al mi?_ | choo vee doh'nohss ahl
| | mee?
Everything | _Post plena | post pleh'nah
considered | konsiderado_ | konsid-eh-rah'doh
I can do without | _Ĝi ne estas nepre | jee neh eh'stahss
it | necesa_ | neh'preh nehtseh'sah
I have been told | _Oni diris al mi_ | o'nee deer'eess ahl mee
I have come to | _Mi venis por diri al | mee veh'neess por
tell you | vi_ | deer'ee ahl vee
I am sure of it | _Mi estas certa pri | mee eh'stahss tsehr'tah
| tio_ | pree tee'oh
I don't think much | _Mi ne multe ŝatas ĝin_ | mee neh mool'teh
of it | | shah'tahss jeen
I have nothing to | _Mi havas nenion por | mee hah'vahss
say against it | diri kontraŭ ĝi_ | nehnee'ohn pohr
| | deeree kohn-trahw jee
As much as I can | _Tiom, kiom mi povas_ | tee'ohm, kee'ohm mee
| | po'vahss
I like being here | _Mi ŝatas esti tie ĉi_ | mee shah'tahss eh'stee
| | tee'eh chee
That comes to the | _Tio estas la sama | tee'oh eh'stahss la
same thing | afero_ | sahmah ahfeh'ro
It answers the | _Ĝi taŭgas por la celo_ | jee tah'w-gahss pohr la
purpose | | tseh'lo
I value it very | _Mi tre alte taksas | mee treh ahl'teh
much | ĝin_ | tahk'sahss jeen
I cannot do it | _Mi ne povas fari ĝin_ | mee neh po'vahss
| | fahr'ee jeen
I am used to it | _Mi kutimas tion_ | mee kootee'mahss
| | tee'ohn
39. Expressions of Emotion, etc. (_Esprimoj de Emocio, k.t.p._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
What is it? | _Kio estas?_ | kee'oh eh'stahss?
Is it possible? | _Ĉu (estas) eble?_ | choo (eh'stahss)
| | eh'bleh?
Indeed! | _Ĉu vere!_ | choo vehr'eh!
That is impossible | _Tio estas neebla_ | tee'oh eh'stahss
| | neh-eh'blah
That cannot be | _Tio ne povas esti_ | tee'oh neh po'vahss
| | eh'stee
I am sorry for it | _Mi bedaŭras tion_ | mee behdahw'rahss
| | tee'ohn
You surprise me | _Vi surprizas min_ | vee soorpree'zahss min
Oh, it's nothing! | _Oh, estas nenio!_ | oh, eh'stahss
| | nehnee'oh!
I am quite vexed | _Mi estas efektive | mee eh'stahss
about it | kolera pri ĝi_ | ehfektee'veh
| | ko-lehr'ah pree jee
How vexing! | _Kiel malagrable!_ | kee'ehl
| | mahlah-grah'bleh!
I am sorry | _Mi tre bedaŭras_ | mee treh
| | beh-dah'w-rahss
What a pity! | _Kiel domaĝe!_ | kee'ehl domah'jeh!
It is a sad thing | _Malĝoje estas_ | mahl-jo'yeh eh'stahss
I am very glad | _Mi tre ĝojas_ | mee treh jo'yahss
It gives me much | _Tio faras al mi multe | tee'oh fah'rahss ahl
pleasure | da plezuro_ | mee mool'teh dah
| | pleh-zoor'oh
How beautiful! | _Kiel bela!_ | kee'ehl beh'lah!
What a shame! | _Kia honto!_ | kee'ah hohn'toh!
How could you do | _Kiel vi povis tiel | kee'ehl vee po'veess
so? | fari?_ | tee'ehl fah'ree?
I am ashamed of | _Mi hontas pri vi_ | mee hohn'tahss pree vee
you | |
For shame! | _Hontinde!_ | hohnteen'deh!
You are very much | _Vi estas tre kulpa_ | vee eh'stahss treh
to blame | | kool'pa
Don't apologise | _Ne petu pardonon_ | neh peh'too
| | pahr-dohn'ohn
I beg (your) | _Mi petas (vian) | mee peh'tahss (vee'ahn)
pardon | pardonon_ | pahr-doh'nohn
Pray don't mention | _Ne parolu pri tio, mi | neh pahro'loo pree
it | petas_ | tee'oh, mee peh'tahss
40. Enquiries. (_Demandoj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Will you | _Ĉu vi afable...?_ | choo vee ahfah'bleh...?
kindly...? | |
Do you understand | _Ĉu vi min komprenas?_ | choo vee meen
me? | | kohm-preh'nahss?
Do you hear me? | _Ĉu vi aŭdas min?_ | choo vee ah'w-dahss
| | meen?
What is that? | _Kio estas tio?_ | kee'oh eh'stahss
| | tee'oh?
What do you mean? | _Kion vi volas diri?_ | kee'ohn vee vo'lahss
| | deer'ee?
Are you sure? | _Ĉu vi estas certa?_ | choo vee eh'stahss
| | tsehr'tah?
Can I speak to | _Ĉu mi povas paroli al | choo mee po'vahss
(see) Mr. A.? | (vidi) Sinjoro(n) | pah-ro'lee ahl
| A.?_ | (vee'dee)
| | seen-yohr'oh(n) A.?
When does he | _Kiam li revenos?_ | kee'ahm lee
return? | | rehveh'nohss?
Where is...? | _Kie estas...?_ | kee'eh eh'stahss...?
What do you call | _Kiel vi nomas tion?_ | kee'ehl vee no'mahss
that? | | tee'ohn?
What does that | _Kion tio signifas?_ | kee'ohn tee'oh
mean? | | signee'fahss?
What is that for? | _Por kio estas tio?_ | pohr kee'oh eh'stahss
| | tee'oh?
Who is that? | _Kiu estas tiu?_ | kee'oo eh'stahss
| | tee'oo?
Who is there? | _Kiu estas tie?_ | kee'oo eh'stahss
| | tee'eh?
Is that Mr. A.? | _Ĉu tiu estas Sinjoro | choo tee'oo eh'stahss
| A.?_ | seenyohr'oh A.?
Which is the way | _Kiu estas la vojo | kee'oo eh'stahss la
to...? | al...?_ | vo'yo ahl...?
How can I get | _Kiel mi povas iri | kee'ehl mee po'vahss
to...? | al...?_ | eer'ee ahl...?
Is there a | _Ĉu estas veturilo?_ | choo ehstahss
conveyance? | | veh-toor-ee'lo?
41. Public Notices. (_Publikaj Avizoj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Apartments to let | _Luebla apartamento_ | loo-eh'blah
| | apart-ah-mehn'toh
Dogs not admitted | _Hundoj malpermesataj_ | hoon'doy
| | mahlpehrmehsah'tahy
Entrance; exit | _Enirejo; elirejo_ | ehneereh'yo;
| | eleereh'yoh.
Fire alarm | _Fajravertilo_ | fire-ahvehr-tee'lo
Free library | _Senpaga biblioteko_ | sehnpah'gah
| | beebleeoh-teh'ko
Furnished rooms | _Meblitaj ĉambroj_ | mehblee'tahy chahm'broy
Knock; ring | _Frapu; sonorigu_ | frah'poo; so-nohree'goo
No admittance | _Eniro estas | ehneer'oh eh'stahss
| malpermesata_ | mahlpehr-mehsah'tah
No road | _Trairo malpermesata_ | trah-eer'oh
| | mahlpehr-mehsah'tah
Keep off the grass | _Ne iru sur la herbo_ | neh eer'oo soor lah
| | hehr'boh
Refreshments | _Bufedo_ | boo-feh'doh
No smoking allowed | _Estas malpermesate | estahss
| fumi_ | mahlpehr-meh-sah'teh
| | foo'mee
Notice | _Avizo_ | ahvee'zo
Please do not | _Oni volu ne tuŝi_ | oh'nee vo'loo neh
touch | | too'shee
Please wipe your | _Oni estas petata viŝi | ohnee ehstahss
feet | la piedojn_ | pehtah'tah, vee'shee
| | lah pee-eh'doyn
Private | _Privata_ | pree-vah'tah
Pull; push | _Tiru; puŝu_ | teer'oo; poo'shoo
Road closed | _Vojo fermita_ | vo'yo fehrmee'tah
Unfurnished rooms | _Senmeblaj ĉambroj_ | sen-meh'blahy
to let | | chahm'broy
Warning; caution | _Averto; atentu_ | ahvehr'toh; ahtehn'too
Danger(ous) | _Danĝero_ | dahn-jehr'oh
42. Travelling: By Railway. (_Veturado: per la Fervojo._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 19.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
To the...station | _Al la...stacio_ | ahl lah...staht-see'oh
Get my luggage; | _Alportu miajn | ahlpohr'too mee'ahyn
here is the | pakaĵojn; jen la | pakah'zhoyn; yehn lah
ticket | bileto_ | beeleh'toh
Here is my luggage | _Jen miaj pakaĵoj_ | yehn mee'ahy pakah'zhoy
Take it to the | _Portu ilin al la | pohr'too eeleen ahl la
cloakroom | deponejo_ | dehponeh'yo
I wish to register | _Mi deziras registri | mee dehzeer'ahss
my luggage | miajn pakaĵojn al..._ | reh-ghis'tree
for... | | mee'ahyn pakah'zhoyn
| | ahl...
The luggage is | _La pakaĵoj estas | lah pakah'zhoy ehstahss
overweight | preter la pezo | preh'tehr lah peh'zo
| permesata_ | pehr-mehsah'tah
Where is the | _Kie estas la fervoja | kee'eh eh'stahss lah
railway-station? | stacio?_ | fehrvo'yah
| | staht-see'oh?
-- booking-office? | -- _biletejo?_ | -- beeleh-teh'yo?
-- enquiry office? | -- _informejo?_ | -- infohrmeh'yo?
-- ladies' | -- _atendejo de l' | -- ahtehn-deh'yo dehl
waiting-room? | sinjorinoj?_ | seenyohree'noy?
-- refreshment | -- _bufedo?_ | -- boofeh'doh?
room? | |
-- lavatory | -- _necesejo?_ | -- neht-sehseh'yo?
(w.c.)? | |
-- train for...? | -- _vagonaro al...?_ | -- vahgo-nah'roh
| | ahl...?
Are you going by | _Ĉu vi veturos per la | choo vee vehtoor'ohss
the express? | ekspreso?_ | pehr la ekspreh'so?
When does the | _Kiam ekveturos la | kee'ahm ekvehtoor'ohss
train start? | vagonaro?_ | lah vahgo-nahr'oh?
Show me the | _Montru al mi la | mohn'troo ahl mee la
timetable | horlibron_ | hohr-lee'brohn
Can I book through | _Ĉu mi povas havi | choo mee po'vahss
to...? | bileton rekte al...?_ | hah'vee beeleh'tohn
| | rek'teh ahl...?
I want a | _Mi deziras unuaklasan | mee dehzeer'ahss
first-class | bileton al..._ | oon-oo'ah-klah'sahn
(ticket) to... | | bee-leh'tohn ahl...
Second return, | _Duaklasan iro-reiran, | doo'ah-klah'sahn
Paris | Parizo_ | eer'o-reh-eer'ahn,
| | pahree'zo
Two third singles, | _Du triaklasajn | doo tree'ah-klah'sahyn
Rome | irbiletojn, Romo_ | eer-beeleh'toyn,
| | ro'mo
One-and-a-half | _Unu kaj duonon_ | oonoo kahy doo-oh'nohn
What is the fare | _Kiom kostas la veturo | kee'ohm ko'stahss la
to Bonn? | al Bonno?_ | vehtoor'oh ahl bonno?
What class, sir? | _Kiu klaso, sinjoro?_ | kee'oh klah'so,
| | seen-yohr'oh?
How much is it? | _Kiom estas?_ | kee'ohm eh'stahss?
We want a sleeping | _Ni deziras dormkupeon_ | nee dehzeer'ahss
carriage | | dorm-koopeh'ohn
-- a corridor | -- _koridoran vagonon_ | -- koridor'ahn
carriage | | vahgo'nohn
-- a carriage for | -- _kupeon rezervitan | -- koopeh'ohn
ladies | al sinjorinoj_ | rehzehrvee'tahn ahl
| | seenyoree'noy
-- a smoking | -- _kupeon por | -- koopeh'ohn pohr
compartment | fumantoj_ | foo-mahn'toy
-- a non-smoking | -- _kupeon por | -- koopeh'ohn pohr
compartment | nefumantoj_ | neh-foomahn'toy
-- platform | -- _peronbiletojn_ | -- pehrohn'beeleh'toyn
tickets | |
Is this the train | _Ĉu tiu ĉi estas la | choo tee'oo chee
for...? | vagonaro por...?_ | eh'stahss lah
| | vahgonahr'o pohr...?
Do I change | _Ĉu mi devos vagonŝanĝi | choo mee deh'vohss
anywhere on the | dum la veturo?_ | vah-gohn-shahn'jee
journey? | | doom la vehtoor'o?
Where must I | _Kie mi devas | kee'eh mee deh'vahss
change for...? | vagonŝanĝi por...?_ | vahgohn-shahn'jee
| | por...?
Is this seat | _Ĉu tiu ĉi loko estas | choo tee'oo chee lo'ko
engaged? | okupita?_ | eh'stahss
| | okoopee'tah?
There is no room | _Ne estas loko_ | neh eh'stahss lo'ko
The train is just | _La vagonaro tuj | la vahgo-nahr'o too'y
going to start | ekveturos_ | ehk-veh-toor'ohss
Call the guard | _Alvoku la konduktoron_ | ahlvo'koo lah
| | kondooktohr'ohn
Open the window | _Malfermu la fenestron_ | mahlfehr'moo la
| | fehneh'strohn
Close the door | _Fermu la pordon_ | fehr'moo la pohr'dohn
Here is a station | _Jen estas stacio_ | yehn eh'stahss
| | stahtsee'oh
Do we stop here? | _Ĉu ni haltas ĉi tie?_ | choo nee hahl'tahss
| | chee tee'eh?
Do we get out | _Ĉu ni devas tie ĉi | choo nee deh'vahss
here? | elvagoniĝi?_ | tee'eh chee
| | ehlvahgonee'jee?
Do we change | _Ĉu ni devas vagonŝanĝi | choo nee deh'vahss
carriages here? | ĉi tie?_ | vahgohn'shahn-jee
| | chee tee'eh?
How long do we | _Dum kiom da tempo ni | doom kee'ohm dah
stop here? | haltos ĉi tie?_ | tehm'po nee
| | hahl'tohss chee
| | tee'eh?
Give up your | _Donu vian bileton_ | doh'noo vee'ahn
ticket | | beeleh'tohn
Here it is! | _Jen!_ | yehn!
My luggage is lost | _Miaj pakaĵoj estas | mee'ahy pakah'zhoy
| perditaj_ | ehstahss pehrdee'tahy
Take your seats! | _Envagoniĝu!_ | ehnvahgonee'joo!
Change for...! | _Vagonŝanĝu por...!_ | vahgohn'shahnjoo
| | por...!
All change! | _Ĉiuj elvagoniĝu!_ | chee'oohy
| | ehlvah-gonee'joo!
Show your tickets | _Montru viajn biletojn_ | mohntroo vee'ahyn
| | beeleh'toyn
All tickets must | _Ĉiu devas montri sian | chee'oo dehvahss
be shown | bileton_ | mohntree see'ahn
| | beeleh'tohn
Tickets, please | _La biletojn mi petas_ | la beeleh'toyn, mee
| | pehtahss
43. Travelling: By Steamer. (_Veturado: per Vaporŝipo._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 20.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Is this the boat | _Ĉu tiu ĉi estas la | choo tee'oo chee
for...? | ŝipo por...?_ | eh'stahss la shee'po
| | por...?
Where is this boat | _Kien iras ĉi tiu | kee'ehn eer'ahss chee
going? | ŝipo?_ | tee'oo shee'po?
When do we start? | _Kiam ni ekveturos?_ | kee'ahm nee
| | ehkvehtoor'ohss?
When shall we | _Kiam ni alvenos?_ | kee'ahm nee
arrive? | | ahl-veh'nohss?
Time is up | _Estas la horo_ | eh'stass la hohr'o
Where is your | _Kie estas viaj | kee'eh eh'stahss
luggage? | pakaĵoj?_ | vee'ahy pakah'zhoy?
Look for my things | _Serĉu miajn aĵojn_ | sehr'choo mee'ahyn
| | ah'zhoyn
There is another | _Estas ankoraŭ unu | eh'stahss ahnkohr'ahw
trunk | kofro_ | oo'noo ko'fro
Let us go down | _Ni malsupreniru en la | nee mahlsoo'prehneer'oo
into the cabin | kajuton_ | ehn la kahyoo'tohn
Where is my berth? | _Kie estas mia | kee'eh eh'stahss mee'ah
| dormujo?_ | dohr-moo'yo?
I want a cabin to | _Mi deziras kajuton por | mee dehzeer'ahss
myself | mi sola_ | kahyoo'tohn por mee
| | so'la
Is the sea smooth? | _Ĉu la maro estas | choo la mah'ro ehstahss
| trankvila?_ | trahnk-vee'la?
The sea is rough | _La maro estas | la mah'ro estahss
| maltrankvila_ | mahltrahnk-vee'la
It is blowing a | _Ventegas_ | vehnteh'gahss
gale | |
I feel sick | _Mi sentas naŭzon_ | mee sehn'tahss
| | nahw'zohn
Can you get me | _Ĉu vi povas havigi al | choo vee povahss
some tea? | mi iom da teo?_ | havee'ghee ahl mee
| | ee'ohm dah teh'oh?
Call the | _Alvoku la servistinon_ | ahlvo'koo la
stewardess | | sehrvistee'nohn
Where is the | _Kie estas la | kee'eh eh'stahss la
steward? | provizisto?_ | proveezist'o?
Where are we now? | _Kie ni estas nun?_ | kee'eh nee eh'stahss
| | noon?
We are nearly | _Ni preskaŭ alvenis_ | nee preh'skahw
there | | ahlveh'nees
Passengers are | _La pasaĝeroj estas | la pahsah-jehr'oy
requested to | petataj, ne restadi | eh'stahss
keep clear of | sur la pasponteto_ | pehtah'tahy, neh
the gangway | | rehstah'dee soor la
| | pahss'pohnteh'toh
44. At the Custom House. (_Ĉe la Doganejo._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Come to the | _Venu al la doganejo_ | veh'noo ahl la
custom-house | | doh-gahneh'yo
The custom-house | _La doganisto_ | lah doh-gahnist'oh
officer | |
Have you your | _Ĉu vi havas vian | choo vee ha'vahss
passport? | pasporton?_ | veeahn pahsport'ohn?
Will you examine | _Ĉu vi vizitos tiun ĉi | choo vee veezee'tohs
this trunk? | kofron?_ | tee'oon chee
| | ko'frohn?
Here are the keys | _Jen la ŝlosiloj_ | yehn la shlo-see'loy
Open it | _Malfermu ĝin_ | mahl-fehr'moo jeen
Unlock this box | _Malfermu tiun ĉi | mahl-fehr'moo tee'oo
| skatolon_ | chee skahtoh'lohn
Can I remove it? | _Ĉu mi povas nun | choo mee po'vahss noon
| forporti ĝin?_ | forport'ee jeen?
Have you anything | _Ĉu vi havas ion | choo vee hah'vahss
to declare? | deklarindan?_ | ee'ohn
| | dehklarin'dahn?
I have nothing | _Mi havas nenion | mee hah'vahss
liable to duty | deklarindan_ | nehnee'ohn
| | dehklarin'dahn
Have you any | _Ĉu vi havas tabakon aŭ | choo vee ha'vahss
tobacco or | cigarojn?_ | tahbah'kohn ahw
cigars? | | tsee-gah'royn?
I have a few | _Mi havas kelkajn | mee ha'vahss kehl'kahyn
cigars | cigarojn_ | tsee-gah'royn
Those are free | _Pri tiuj vi ne devas | pree tee'ooy vee neh
| pagi_ | deh'vahss pah'ghee
Is that all? | _Ĉu tio estas ĉio?_ | choo tee'oh eh'stahss
| | chee'oh?
What is the duty? | _Kiom estas la | kee'ohm eh'stahss la
| imposto?_ | impoh'sto?
Is my luggage | _Ĉu oni vizitis miajn | choo oh'nee
passed? | pakaĵojn?_ | veezee'teess mee'ahyn
| | pakah'zhoyn?
45. Arrival. (_Alveno._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 19.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Call a cab | _Venigu fiakron_ | vehnee'goo feeah'krohn
Closed, open | _Fermitan, malfermitan_ | fehrmee'tahn, mahl-
I want a hansom | _Mi bezonas duradan | mee behzo'nahss
| fiakron_ | doo-rah'dahn
| | feeah'krohn
Get me a | _Venigu kvarradan | vehnee'goo
four-wheeler | fiakron_ | kvar-rah'dahn
| | feeah'krohn
Cab, sir? | _Veturilon, sinjoro?_ | vehtooree'lohn,
| | seenyo'ro?
Put my luggage in | _Metu miajn pakaĵojn en | meh'too mee'ahyn
the cab | la fiakron_ | pak-ah'zhoyn ehn la
| | fee-ah'krohn
Where do you want | _Kien vi deziras iri, | kee'ehn vee
to go, sir? | sinjoro?_ | dehzeer'ahss eer'ee,
| | seen-yo'ro?
Drive me to... | _Veturigu min al..._ | vehtoo-ree'goo min
| | ahl...
Driver, what is | _Veturigisto, po kiom | vehtooreeg-ist'o, po
the fare by the | kostas la veturo laŭ | kee-ohm ko'stahss la
journey? | distanco?_ | vehtoor'o lahw
| | distahntso?
By the hour? | _Laŭhore?_ | lahw-ho'reh?
Drive quickly | _Veturigu rapide_ | vehtooree'goo
| | rahpee'deh
Drive slower | -- _pli malrapide_ | -- plee mahlrahpee'deh
Stop! Go on! | _Haltu! Daŭrigu!_ | hahl'too! dahwree'goo!
46. 'Bus and Tram. (_Omnibuso kaj Tramveturilo._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 19.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Where can I get a | _Kie mi povas trafi | kee'eh mee po'vahss
'bus to...? | omnibuson al...?_ | trah'fee
| | omnee-boo'sohn
| | ahl...?
Is there a 'bus | _Ĉu oni povas omnibuse | choo o'nee po'vahss
to...? | veturi al...?_ | omnee-boo'seh
| | vehtoor'ee ahl...?
We will take a | _Ni iros omnibuse_ | nee eer'ohss
'bus | | omneeboo'seh
The tram station | _La tramstacio_ | la trahm'staht-see'oh
Cars stop here | _Tramveturiloj haltas | trahm'vehtoo-ree'loy
| ĉi tie_ | hahl'tahss chee
| | tee'eh
Does this car go | _Ĉu tiu ĉi veturilo | choo tee'oo chee
to...? | iras al...?_ | vehtoo-ree'lo
| | eer'ahss ahl...?
No, the next one | _Ne, la sekvonta_ | neh, la sehkvohn'tah
Wait till the car | _Atendu, ĝis la | ahtehn'doo, jees la
stops | veturilo haltos_ | vehtoo-ree'lo
| | hahltohss
Do you pass...? | _Ĉu vi | choo vee
| preterveturas...?_ | preh'tehr-veh-
| | too'rahss...?
Put me down at... | _Lasu min eliĝi ĉe..._ | lah'soo meen ehlee'jee
| | cheh...
Give me a ticket | _Donu al mi bileton_ | doh'noo ahl mee
| | beeleh'tohn
Any more fares? | _Ĉu ĉiuj pagis?_ | choo chee'ooy
| | pah'gheess?
Tickets, please | _La biletojn, mi petas_ | la beeleh'toyn, mee
| | peh-tahss
Outside only | _Nur ekstere_ | noor eksteh'reh
Full inside | _Plena interne_ | pleh'nah intehr'neh
47. Hotel and Rooms. (_Hotelo kaj Ĉambroj._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Which is the best | _Kiu estas la plej bona | kee'oo ehstahss la
hotel? | hotelo?_ | plehy' bo'nah
| | hoteh'lo?
Furnished | _Meblita apartamento_ | mehblee'tah
apartments | | ahpartahmehn'toh
Apartments to let | _Luebla apartamento_ | loo-eh'blah
| | ahpartahmehn'toh
Unfurnished house | _Nemeblita domo_ | nehmeh-blee'tah dohmo
Can I see your | _Ĉu mi povas vidi viajn | choo mee po'vahss
rooms? | ĉambrojn?_ | vee'dee vee'ahyn
| | chahm'broyn?
Let me see the | _Montru al mi la | mohn'troo ahl mee la
room | ĉambron_ | chahm'brohn
What rooms do you | _Kiujn ĉambrojn vi | kee'ooyn chahm'broyn
want? | bezonas?_ | vee beh-zo'nahss?
I want a bedroom | _Mi bezonas | mee behzo'nahss
and sitting-room | dormoĉambron kaj | dor'mo-chahm'brohn
| salonon_ | kahy saloh'nohn
What is the price | _Kioma estas la prezo | kee'ohma eh'stahss la
of this room? | de tiu ĉambro?_ | preh'zo deh tee'oo
| | chahm'bro?
What do you | _Kiom vi postulas?_ | kee'ohm vee
charge? | | postoo'lahss?
I want a cheaper | _Mi deziras pli | mee dehzeer'ahss plee
one | malkaran_ | mahl-kah'rahn
That is too dear | _Tio estas tro kara_ | tee'oh eh'stahss tro
| | kah'rah
Have you a | _Ĉu vi havas dulitan | choo vee hah'vahss
double-bedded | ĉambron?_ | doolee'tahn
room? | | chahm'brohn?
Are the beds | _Ĉu la litoj estas bone | choo la lee'toy
well-aired? | aerumitaj?_ | eh'stahss bo'neh
| | ah-ehroomee'tahy?
We will take these | _Ni luos ĉi tiujn | nee loo'ohss chee
rooms | ĉambrojn_ | tee'ooyn chahm'broyn
How long do you | _Dum kiom da tempo vi | doom kee'ohm dah
want them for? | ilin bezonos?_ | tehm'po vee ee'leen
| | behzo'nohss?
We shall stay a | _Ni restos dum unu | nee reh'stohss doom
week | semajno_ | oo'noo sehmahy'no
Are our rooms | _Ĉu niaj ĉambroj estas | choo nee'ahy chahm'broy
ready? | pretaj?_ | ehstahss prehtahy?
Let us have supper | _Volu pretigu tuj nian | vo'loo preh-tee'goo
at once | vespermanĝon_ | tooy nee'ahn
| | vespehrmahn'john
Have you a table | _Ĉu vi havas komunan | choo vee hah'vahss
d'hôte? | manĝotablon?_ | komoo'nahn
| | mahn'joh-tah'blohn?
Are there any | _Ĉu estas leteroj por | choo eh'stahss
letters for me? | mi?_ | lehtehr'oy pohr mee?
Can I have a warm | _Ĉu mi povas havi | choo mee po'vahss
bath? | varman banon?_ | ha'vee vahrmahn
| | bahnohn?
Give me the key of | _Donu al mi la ŝlosilon | doh'noo ahl mee la
my room | de mia ĉambro_ | shlosee'lohn deh
| | mee'ah chahm'bro
Bring me some warm | _Alportu al mi varman | ahlport'oo ahl mee
water | akvon_ | vahrmahn ahk'vohn
Where is the w.c.? | _Kie estas la | kee'eh ehstahss la
| necesejo?_ | nehtsehseh'yo?
Take my luggage | _Portu miajn pakaĵojn | port'oo mee'ahyn
down | malsupren_ | pakah'zhoyn
| | mahl-soo'prehn
Give me a candle | _Donu al mi kandelon_ | doh'noo ahl mee
| | kahndeh'lohn
I have no matches | _Mi ne havas alumetojn_ | mee neh hah'vahss
| | ahloomeh'toyn
Call me at seven | _Veku min je la sepa_ | veh'koo min yeh la
| | sehpah
We leave early | _Ni foriros frue | nee foreer'ohss froo'eh
to-morrow | morgaŭmatene_ | mor'gahw-mahteh'neh
morning | |
My bill, please | _La kalkulon, mi petas_ | la kahlkoo'lohn, mee
| | peh'tahss
48. Breakfast. (_Matenmanĝo._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 4-6 & 14-15.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Is breakfast | _Ĉu la matenmanĝo estas | choo la mahtehn-mahn'jo
ready? | preta?_ | eh'stahss preh'tah?
Breakfast is ready | _La matenmanĝo estas | la mahtehn-mahn'jo
| preta_ | eh'stahss preh'tah
Is the tea made? | _Ĉu la teo estas | choo la teh'oh
| farita?_ | eh'stahss fahree'tah?
Is the coffee | _Ĉu la kafo estas | choo la kah'fo
strong enough? | sufiĉe forta?_ | eh'stahss soofee'cheh
| | fort'ah?
We want more cups | _Ni bezonas pluajn | nee behzo'nahss
| tasojn_ | ploo'ahyn tah'soyn
Take some more | _Prenu iom plu da | preh'noo ee'ohm ploo
sugar | sukero_ | dah sookeh'ro
A piece of toast | _Peco de rostita pano_ | peht'so deh ro-stee'tah
| | pa'noh
Do you drink tea | _Ĉu vi trinkas teon aŭ | choo vee trin'kahss
or coffee? | kafon?_ | tehohn ahw kah'fohn?
Cold meat | _Malvarma viando_ | mahl-vahr'ma
| | vee-ahn'doh
Will you take an | _Ĉu vi manĝos ovon?_ | choo vee mahn'johss
egg? | | o'vohn?
A rasher of bacon | _Tranĉo de lardo_ | trahn'cho deh lahr'doh
These eggs are | _Ĉi tiuj ovoj estas | chee tee'ooy o-voy
hard | malmolaj_ | eh'stahss
| | mahl-mo'lahy
Pass me the butter | _Transdonu al mi la | trahns-doh'noo ahl mee
| buteron_ | la bootehr'ohn
Give me the salt | _Donu al mi la salon_ | doh'noo ahl mee la
| | sahlon
Some rolls | _Kelke da bulkoj_ | kehl'keh dah bool'koy
This butter is not | _Tiu ĉi butero ne estas | tee'oo chee bootehr'oh
fresh | freŝa_ | neh ehstahss
| | freh'shah
Bring some more... | _Alportu iom plu da..._ | ahlport'oo ee'ohm ploo
| | dah...
Do you take milk | _Ĉu vi deziras lakton | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
and sugar? | kaj sukeron?_ | lahk'tohn kahy
| | sookehr'ohn?
No sugar, thank | _Ne sukeron, mi dankas_ | neh sookehr'ohn, mee
you | | dahn'kahss
Coffee without | _Kafo sen lakto_ | kah'fo sehn lahk'toh
milk | |
Coffee with milk | _Kafo kun lakto_ | kah'fo koon lahk'toh
A little more | _Iom plu da fiŝo?_ | ee'ohm ploo dah
fish? | | fee'sho?
Yes, please | _Jes, mi petas_ | yehss, mee peh'tahss
Nothing more | _Nenion plu_ | nehnee'ohn ploo
49. Dinner. (_Ĉefmanĝo._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 4-6 & 14-15.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
What time is | _Je kioma horo estas la | yeh kee-oh'ma ho'ro
dinner? | ĉefmanĝo?_ | eh-stahss la
| | chehfmahn'jo?
When do you dine? | _Je kioma horo vi | yeh kee-oh'ma ho'ro vee
| ĉefmanĝas?_ | chehfmahn'jahss?
We shall dine at | _Ni ĉefmanĝos je la | nee chehfmahn'johss yeh
six o'clock | sesa_ | la seh'sah
Give me (show me) | _Donu (montru) al mi la | doh'noo (mohn'troo) ahl
the bill-of-fare | manĝokarton_ | mee la
| | mahn'jo-kar'tohn
Waiter! | _Kelnero!_ | kelnehr'oh!
What have you | _Kion vi havas preta?_ | kee'ohn vee hah'vahss
ready? | | preh'tah?
Have you any roast | _Ĉu vi havas rostitan | choo vee hah'vahss
beef? | bovaĵon?_ | ro-stee'than
| | bovah'zhohn?
Are you hungry? | _Ĉu vi malsatas?_ | choo vee mahlsah'tahss?
I am hungry | _Mi malsatas_ | mee mahlsah'tahss
Are you thirsty? | _Ĉu vi soifas?_ | choo vee so-ee'fahss?
I am very thirsty | _Mi tre soifas_ | mee treh so-ee'fahss
What will you | _Kion vi manĝos?_ | kee'ohn vee mahnjohss?
take? | |
What shall I help | _Kion mi donu al vi?_ | kee'ohn mee dohnoo ahl
you to? | | vee?
What soup will you | _Kian supon vi volas?_ | kee'ahn soo'pohn vee
have? | | vo'lahss?
Will you take some | _Ĉu vi prenos iom da | choo vee preh'nohss
soup? | supo?_ | ee'ohm da soo'po?
Well done; under | _Elkuirita; ne | ehlkoo-eeree'tah; neh
done | elkuirita_ | ehlkoo-eeree'tah
Here are spinach | _Jen spinako kaj | yehn speenah'ko kahy
and broccoli | brokolio_ | brokohlee'oh
Help yourself | _Servu vin_ | sehr'voo veen
It is excellent | _Ĝi estas bonega_ | jee eh'stahss
| | bo-neh'gah
What fish have | _Kiajn fiŝojn vi | kee'ahyn fee'shoyn vee
you? | havas?_ | hah'vahss?
Fried soles | _Frititaj soleoj_ | fritee'tahy so-leh'oy
Will you take some | _Ĉu vi deziras iom | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
more? | plu?_ | ee'ohm ploo?
No, thank you | _Ne, mi dankas_ | neh, mee dahn'kahss
Change the plates | _Ŝanĝu la telerojn_ | shahnjoo la tehlehr'oyn
Give me a clean | _Donu al mi puran | doh'noo ahl mee
fork | forkon_ | poor'ahn fohr'kohn
A clean knife | _Pura tranĉilo_ | poorah trahnchee'lo
Bring me a glass | _Alportu al mi glason | ahlport'oo ahl mee
of water | da akvo_ | glah'sohn dah ahk'vo
Give me something | _Donu al mi ion por | doh'noo ahl mee ee'ohn
to drink | trinki_ | pohr trin'kee
A bottle of wine | _Botelo da vino_ | bo-teh'lo dah vee'no
What wines will | _Kiajn vinojn vi | kee'ahyn vee'noyn vee
you have? | deziras?_ | dehzeer'ahss?
Here is the list | _Jen la listo_ | yehn la leest'oh
This wine is flat | _Tiu ĉi vino | tee'oo chee vee'no
| sengustiĝis_ | sehn-goost-ee'jees
What do I owe? | _Kiom mi ŝuldas?_ | kee'ohm mee
| | shool'dahss?
What is the | _Kiom estas?_ | kee'ohm eh'stahss?
charge? | |
50. Tea. (_Teo._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 4-6 & 14-15.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Will you come to | _Ĉu vi venos por trinki | choo vee veh'nohss pohr
tea? | teon?_ | trin'kee teh'ohn?
Tea is ready | _La teo estas preta_ | la teh'oh ehstahss
| | prehtah
Pour out the tea | _Verŝu la teon_ | vehr'shoo la teh'ohn
Ring, if you | _Sonorigu, mi petas_ | so-noree'goo, mee
please | | peh'tahss
A little more milk | _Iom plu da lakto_ | ee'ohm ploo dah
| | lahk'toh
Some more bread | _Iom plu da pano kaj | ee'ohm ploo dah pah'no
and butter | butero_ | kahy bootehr'oh
Do you like your | _Ĉu vi ŝatas vian teon | choo vee shah'tahss
tea strong? | forta?_ | vee'ahn teh'ohn
| | fort'ah?
Not too strong | _Ne tro forta_ | neh tro fort'ah
I like it rather | _Mi ŝatas ĝin iom | mee shah'tahss jeen
strong | forta_ | ee'ohm fort'ah
Bring a saucer | _Alportu subtason_ | ahlport'oo soobtah'sohn
Do you take cream? | _Ĉu vi prenas kremon?_ | choo vee preh'nahss
| | kreh'mohn?
This cream is sour | _Tiu ĉi kremo estas | tee'oo chee kreh'mo
| malfreŝa_ | eh'stahss
| | mahlfreh'shah
Another cup of | _Ankoraŭ tason da teo?_ | ahnkoh'rahw tah'sohn
tea? | | dah teh'oh?
Is your tea sweet | _Ĉu via teo estas | choo vee'ah teh'oh
enough? | sufiĉe sukerita?_ | eh'stahss soofee'cheh
| | soo-kehree'tah?
I should like a | _Mi preferas iom malpli | mee prefehr'ahss ee'ohm
little less milk | da lakto_ | mahl'pli dah lahk'toh
51. Health. (_La Sano._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 13.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
How are you? | _Kiel vi fartas?_ | kee'ehl vee fahr'tahss?
I am very well | _Mi tre bone fartas_ | mee treh bo'neh
| | fahr'tahss
I am ill | _Mi estas malsana_ | mee eh'stahss
| | mahlsah'nah
I am not very well | _Mi ne tre bone fartas_ | mee neh treh bo'neh
| | fahr'tahss
Are you quite | _Ĉu vi bone fartas?_ | choo vee bo'neh
well? | | fahr'tahss?
Quite well, thank | _Tute bone, mi dankas_ | too'teh bo'neh, mee
you | | dahn-kahss
Pretty well, | _Sufiĉe bone, dankon_ | soofee'cheh bo'neh,
thanks | | dahn-kohn
How do you feel? | _Kiel vi vin sentas?_ | kee'ehl vee vin
| | sehn'tahss?
I don't feel well | _Mi ne sentas min en | mee neh sehntahss min
| tre bona stato_ | ehn treh bo'nah
| | stahtoh
I feel better | _Mi sentas min en pli | mee sehn'tahss min ehn
| bona stato_ | plee bo'nah stahtoh
I hope you will | _Mi esperas ke vi | mee espeh'rahss, keh
soon be better | baldaŭ resaniĝos_ | vee bahl'dahw
| | rehsahnee'johss
Do you sleep well? | _Ĉu vi bone dormas?_ | choo vee bo'neh
| | dohr-mahss?
I have caught a | _Mi malvarmumis_ | mee mahlvahrmoo'meess
chill | |
I have a headache | _Mi havas kapdoloron_ | mee ha'vahss
| | kahp-dolohr'ohn
I feel sick | _Mi sentas naŭzon_ | mee sehn-tahss
| | nahw'zohn
Send for the | _Venigu la kuraciston_ | vehnee'goo lah
doctor | | kooraht-sees'tohn
She has a bad | _Ŝi havas malbonan | shee ha'vahss
cough | tuson_ | mahlbo'nahn too'sohn
How much is the | _Kiom estas la | kee'ohm eh'stahss lah
doctor's fee for | honorario de l' | honoh-rahree'oh dehl
a visit? | kuracisto por | kooraht-see'stoh pohr
| vizito?_ | veezee'toh?
Where is there a | _Kie estas apoteko?_ | kee'eh eh'stahss
chemist's? | | ahpoh-teh'ko?
Have this | _Plenumigu tiun ĉi | plehnoomee'goo tee'oon
prescription | recepton_ | chee rehtsehp'tohn
made up | |
One tablespoonful | _Unu granda plenkulero | oonoo grahndah
three times a | tri fojojn ĉiutage_ | plehn'kooleh'roh tree
day | | foh'yoyn
| | chee'oo-tah'gheh
To be taken after | _Prenota post ĉiu | prehno'tah post chee'oo
each meal | manĝo_ | mahn'jo
Shake the bottle | _Skuu la botelon_ | skoo'oo lah boteh'lohn
For outward | _Nur por ekstera | noor pohr eksteh'rah
application only | aplikado_ | ahpleekah'doh
Poison | _Veneno_ | vehneh'no
52. In Town. (_En la Urbo._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 9.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Where shall we go? | _Kien ni iru?_ | kee'ehn nee ee'roo?
Which is the way | _Kiu estas la vojo | kee'oo eh'stahss la
to...? | al...?_ | vo'yo ahl...?
To the right--left | _Dekstren--maldekstren_ | dehkstrehn--
| | mahldehk'strehn
Straight before | _Rekte antaŭen_ | rek'teh ahntah'wehn
you | |
Is it far from | _Ĉu malproksime de tie | choo mahl-proksee'meh
here? | ĉi?_ | deh tee-eh chee?
About a mile | _Proksimume unu mejlon_ | proksee-moo'meh oonoo
| | may'lohn
Go up the street | _Supreniru la straton_ | soo'prehn-eer'oo lah
| | strah'tohn
Where does this | _Kien kondukas tiu ĉi | kee'ehn kondoo'kahss
road lead to? | vojo?_ | tee'oo chee vo'yo?
How far is it | _Kiom da vojo estas | kee'ohm dah vo'yo
to...? | ĝis...?_ | eh'stahss jeess...?
Show me the way | _Montru al mi la vojon_ | mohn'troo ahl mee la
| | vo'yohn
Straight on | _Rekte antaŭen_ | rek'teh ahntah'wehn
Turn to the right | _Turnu dekstren_ | toor'noo dehk'strehn
Second turning to | _La dua vojo dekstren_ | la doo'ah vo'yo
the right | | dehk'strehn
Keep to the left | _Iradu maldekstren_ | eerah'doo
| | mahl-dehk'strehn
Take the third on | _Sekvu la trian | sehk'voo la tree'ahn
the left | maldekstren_ | mahl-dehk'strehn
At the top of this | _Ĉe la fino de tiu ĉi | cheh la fee'no deh
street | strato_ | tee'oo chee strah'toh
Cross the road | _Transiru la vojon_ | trahnseer'oo la vo'yohn
Let us go! | _Ni iru!_ | nee eer'oo!
In what street | _En kiu strato | ehn kee'oo strah'toh
is...? | estas...?_ | eh'stahss...?
Is this the way | _Ĉu tiu estas la vojo | choo tee'oo eh'stahss
to...? | al...?_ | la vo'yo ahl...?
Do you know Mr. | _Ĉu vi konas Sinjoron | choo vee ko'nahss
F.? | F.?_ | seenyohr'ohn F.?
I don't know | _Mi ne konas iun tiel | mee neh ko'nahss
anyone of that | nomitan_ | ee'oon, tee'ehl
name | | no-mee'tahn
I know him very | _Mi tre bone konas lin_ | mee treh boneh ko'nahss
well | | leen
He is a friend of | _Li estas unu el miaj | lee eh'stahss oo'noo
mine | amikoj_ | ehl mee'ahy ahmee'koy
Where does he | _Kie li loĝas?_ | kee'eh lee lo'jahss?
live? | |
Can you direct me | _Ĉu vi povas direkti | choo vee po'vahss
to his house? | min al lia domo?_ | deerek'tee meen ahl
| | lee'ah do'mo?
Can I see Mr. F.? | _Ĉu mi povas vidi | choo mee po'vahss
| Sinjoron F.?_ | veedee seenyohr'ohn
| | F.?
He is out just now | _Nunmomente li ne estas | noon-mo-mehn'teh lee
| hejme_ | neh ehstahss hehy'meh
Is Mrs. F. at | _Ĉu Sinjorino F. estas | choo seenyo-ree'no F.
home? | hejme?_ | eh'stahss hehy'meh?
Mrs. F. is not at | _S-no F. ne estas | seenyo-ree'no F. neh
home | hejme_ | es'tahss hehy'meh
I will call again | _Mi revenos_ | mee rehveh'nohss
I expect him every | _Mi atendas lian venon | mee ahtehn'dahss
moment | ĉiumomente_ | lee-ahn veh'nohn
| | chee'oo-mo-mehn'teh
Have you your | _Ĉu vi havas | choo vee ha'vahss
card? | vizitkarton?_ | vee-zeet-kahr'tohn?
Does he expect | _Ĉu li atendas vin?_ | choo lee ahtehn'dahss
you? | | veen?
He is expecting me | _Li atendas mian venon_ | lee ahtehn'dahss
| | mee'ahn veh'nohn
I have an | _Mi havas rendevuon kun | mee ha'vahss
appointment with | li_ | rehndeh-voo'ohn koon
him | | lee
I am engaged | _Mi estas okupata kun | mee eh'stahss
| iu_ | ohkoopah'tah koon
| | ee'oo
Good morning! | _Bonan matenon!_ | bo'nahn ma-teh'nohn!
Good day! | _Bonan tagon!_ | bo'nahn tah'gohn!
How do you do? | _Kiel vi fartas?_ | kee'ehl vee fahr'tahss?
How is Mrs. F.? | _Kiel fartas S-no F.?_ | kee'ehl fahr'tahss
| | seen-yo-ree'no F.?
Give my | _Prezentu miajn | prehzehn'too mee'ahyn
compliments to | komplimentojn al | komplee-mehn'toyn ahl
Miss F. | Fraŭlino F._ | frahw-lee'no F.
So pleased to see | _Tre kontenta vidi vin_ | treh kontehn'tah
you | | vee'dee vin
Good-bye! | _Adiaŭ!_ | ahdee'ahw!
Farewell! | _Ĝis revido!_ | jeess rehvee'doh!
Must you go yet? | _Ĉu vi devas jam | choo vee deh'vahss yahm
| foriri?_ | foreer'ee?
I must go | _Mi devas foriri_ | mee deh'vahss foreer'ee
Good evening! | _Bonan vesperon!_ | bo'nahn vespehr'ohn!
Good night! | _Bonan nokton!_ | bo'nahn nok'tohn!
53. Shopping. (_Aĉetado._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 3-8 & 14-18.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
I wish to buy | _Mi volas aĉeti_ | mee vo'lahss
| | ah-cheh'tee
Do you keep...? | _Ĉu vi havas...?_ | choo vee ha'vahss...?
We have none in | _Ni ne havas en | nee neh ha'vahss ehn
stock | magazeno_ | ma-gahzeh'no
We can get you | _Ni povas iom por vi | nee po'vahss ee'ohm
some | akiri_ | pohr vee ahkeer'ee
What price would | _Je kioma prezo vi ĝin | yeh kee-oh'ma preh'zo
you like? | deziras?_ | vee jeen
| | dehzeer'ahss?
About half-a-crown | _Po ĉirkaŭ duonkrono | po cheer'kahw
a yard | par jardo_ | doo-ohn-kro'no pohr
| | yahrdoh
May we get it for | _Ĉu ni ĝin por vi | choo nee jeen pohr vee
you? | akiru?_ | ahkeer'oo?
What is the price? | _Kiom estas la prezo?_ | kee'ohm eh'stahss lah
| | preh'zo?
How much? | _Kiom?_ | kee'ohm?
That is too much | _Tio estas tro kara_ | tee'oh eh'stahss tro
| | kah'rah
Have you a | _Ĉu vi havas alian | choo vee ha'vahss
different | specon?_ | ah-lee'ahn
pattern? | | speht'sohn?
-- a better | -- _pli bonan ŝtofon?_ | -- plee bo'nahn
material? | | shto'fohn?
Can you recommend | _Ĉu vi povas ĝin | choo vee po'vahss jeen
it? | rekomendi?_ | rehkomehn'dee?
We can recommend | _Ni povas rekomendi | nee po'vahss
this | tion_ | rehkomehn'dee tee'ohn
We guarantee this | _Ni tiun ĉi kvaliton | nee tee'oon chee
quality | garantias_ | kvah-lee'tohn
| | gahrahn-tee'ahss
I should like to | _Mi dezirus vidi | mee dehzeerooss veedee
see some ribbons | rubandojn_ | roobahn'doyn
I want some calico | _Mi deziras iom da | mee dehzeer'ahss ee'ohm
| kalikoto_ | dah kahlee-ko'toh
This colour is too | _Tiu ĉi koloro estas | tee'oo chee ko-lohr'oh
dark | tro malpala_ | ehstahss tro
| | mahlpah'lah
It is faded | _La koloro iom | la ko-lohr'oh ee'ohm
| malaperis_ | mahl-ahpehr'eess
Have you any | _Ĉu vi havas pli | choo vee ha'vahss plee
narrower? | mallarĝan?_ | mahl-lahr'jahn?
What is this a | _Kiom tio kostas por | kee'ohm tee'o kost'ahss
yard? | unu jardo?_ | pohr oo'noo yahr'doh?
This will do | _Tio ĉi taŭgos_ | tee'oh chee tahw'gohss
I will take this | _Mi tion prenos_ | mee tee'ohn preh'nohss
A reel of cotton | _Unu bobeno da kotono_ | oonoo bo-beh'no dah
| | ko-toh'no
A skein | _Fadenaro_ | fahdeh-nah'ro
A packet of mixed | _Paketo da miksitaj | pahkeh'toh dah
pins | pingloj_ | miksee'tahy peen'gloy
Not so fine | _Ne tiel delikata_ | neh tee'ehl
| | dehleekah'tah
Show me some | _Montru al mi gantojn_ | mohntroo ahl mee
gloves | | gahn'toyn
Try on these | _Prove surmetu ĉi | pro'veh soormeh'too
| tiujn_ | chee tee'ooyn
What are they a | _Kiom kostas unu paro?_ | kee'ohm ko'stahss
pair? | | oo'noo pah'ro?
That is too dear | _Tio estas tro kara_ | tee'oh eh'stahss tro
| | kah-rah
They fit you very | _Ili tre bone taŭgas_ | ee'lee treh bo'neh
well | | tah'w-gahss
I will take them | _Mi kunprenos ĉion_ | mee koon-preh'nohss
with me | | chee'ohn
Please give me my | _Volu doni mian | vo'loo doh'nee mee'ahn
bill | kalkulon_ | kahl-koo'lohn
Send all this home | _Sendu ĉion ĉi hejmen | sehn'doo chee'ohn chee
at once | tuj_ | hehy'mehn tooy
Can I send them | _Ĉu mi povas sendi ilin | choo mee po'vahss
for you? | por vi?_ | sehn'dee ee'leen pohr
| | vee?
Send them to... | _Sendu ilin al..._ | sehn'doo ee'leen ahl...
Will you send them | _Ĉu vi tuj sendos | choo vee tooy sehndohss
at once? | ilin?_ | ee'leen?
What name, please? | _Kiu nomo, mi petas?_ | kee'oo no'mo, mee
| | peh'tahss?
To what address? | _Al kiu adreso?_ | ahl kee'oo ahdreh'so?
54. The Dressmaker. (_La Modistino._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 16.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Here is the | _Jen estas la | yehn eh'stahss lah
dressmaker | modistino_ | mo-distee'no
Ask her to wait | _Petu, ke ŝi atendu_ | peh'too, keh shee
| | ah-tehn'doo
Show her in | _Enirigu ŝin_ | ehneeree'goo sheen
Have you brought | _Ĉu vi alportis mian | choo vee ahlpohr'teess
my dress? | robon?_ | mee'ahn ro'bohn?
Here it is, madam | _Jen, sinjorino_ | yehn, seenyoh-ree'no
Will you try it | _Ĉu vi prove surmetos | choo vee pro'veh
on? | ĝin?_ | soor-meh'tohss jeen?
It fits you very | _Ĝi tre ĝuste taŭgas al | jee treh joo'steh
well | vi_ | tah'w-gahss ahl vee
It is not a good | _Ĝi ne ĝuste taŭgas_ | jee neh joo'steh
fit | | tah'w-gahss
The skirt is too | _La jupo estas tro | lah yoo'po eh'stahss
narrow | mallarĝa_ | tro mahl-lahr'jah
It is too | _La talio estas tro | lah tahlee'oh eh'stahss
short-waisted | mallonga_ | tro mahl-lohn'gah
The sleeves are | _La manikoj ne estas | lah mahnee'koy neh
not wide enough | sufiĉe larĝaj_ | eh'stahss soofee'cheh
| | lahr'jahy
Make all these | _Faru ĉiujn ĉi ŝanĝojn_ | fah'roo chee'ooyn chee
alterations | | shahn'joyn
What trimming | _Per kio vi ĝin | pehr kee'oh vee jeen
would you put | garnus?_ | gahr'nooss?
on? | |
Pale pink ribbon | _Pala rozkolora | pah'lah rohz-ko-loh'rah
| rubando_ | roobahn'doh
When can you let | _Kiam vi povos doni ĝin | kee'ahm vee po'vohss
me have it? | al mi?_ | doh'nee jeen ahl mee?
You shall have it | _Vi havas ĝin sabaton_ | vee ha'vohss jeen
on Saturday | | sah-bah'tohn
Without fail | _Nepre_ | neh'preh
Don't disappoint | _Ne trompu miajn | neh trohmpoo mee'ahyn
me | esperojn_ | espehr'oyn
55. The Shoemaker. (_La Ŝuisto._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
I wish to see some | _Mi deziras vidi botojn | mee dehzeer'ahss
ladies' boots | por sinjorinoj_ | vee'dee bo-toyn pohr
| | seen-yoh-ree'noy
Take my measure | _Prenu mian mezuron_ | preh-noo mee-ahn
| | meh-zoor'ohn
The soles are | _La plandumoj estas iom | la plahndoo'moy
rather thick | dikaj_ | eh'stahss ee-ohm
| | dee'kahy
They are too tight | _Ili tro premas_ | ee-lee tro preh-mahss
I cannot get my | _Mi ne povas enigi la | mee neh po-vahss
foot in | piedon_ | ehnee'ghee la
| | pee-eh'dohn
Here is a | _Jen estas ŝukorno_ | yehn eh-stahss
shoe-horn | | shookohr'no
Are they | _Ĉu ili ĝenas?_ | choo ee-lee jeh-nahss?
comfortable? | |
I cannot walk in | _Mi ne povas iri en | mee neh po-vahss eer-ee
them | ili_ | ehn ee-lee
They hurt my heel | _Ili dolorigas mian | ee-lee doh-loree'gahss
| kalkanon_ | meeahn kahlkah'nohn
I must have them | _Estas necese, ke mi | eh-stahss nehtsah'seh,
as soon as | ilin havu kiel eble | keh mee ee-leen
possible | plej baldaŭ_ | ha-voo kee-ehl
| | eh-bleh plehy'
| | bahl-dahw
I want some | _Mi bezonas laĉojn_ | mee behzoh'nahss
bootlaces | | lah'choyn
How much are they | _Kiom kostas unu paro?_ | kee-ohm ko-stahss
a pair? | | oo-noo pah-ro?
I want these shoes | _Mi deziras lasi | mee dehzeer'ahss lahsee
soled and heeled | plandumi kaj | plahndoo'mee kahy
| kalkanumi tiujn ĉi | kahlkahnoo'mee
| ŝuojn_ | tee-ooyn chee
| | shoo-oyn
Send my boots to | _Sendu ripariĝi miajn | sehn-doo ripahree'jee
be mended | botojn_ | mee'ahyn bo-toyn
When will they be | _Kiam ili estos | kee-ahm ee-lee ehstohss
done? | pretaj?_ | preh' tahy?
56. The Laundress. (_La Lavistino._)
(For Washing List see §. 17.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
I want this linen | _Mi volas lavigi ĉi | mee vo-lahss
washed | tiun tolaĵon_ | lahvee'ghee chee
| | tee-oon toh-lah'zhohn
I miss a collar | _Mankas unu kolumon_ | mahn-kahss oo-noo
| | ko-loo'mohn
You don't put | _Vi ne enmetas sufiĉe | vee neh ehnmeh'tahss
enough starch in | da amelo_ | soofee'cheh dah
| | ah-meh'lo
This is too limp | _Tio ĉi estas tro mola_ | tee-oh chee ehstahss
| | tro mo-lah
See how badly that | _Vidu, kiel malbone tio | vee-doo, kee-ehl
is done | estas farita_ | mahl-bo'neh tee-oh
| | ehstahss fahree'tah
You must take it | _Vi devas reporti ĝin_ | vee deh-vahss
back | | rehpohr'tee jeen
This is badly | _Tio ĉi estas malbone | tee-oh chee eh-stahss
ironed | gladita_ | mahlbo'neh
| | glahdee'tah
You have scorched | _Vi iom brulbrunigis | vee ee-ohm
this dress | tiun ĉi robon_ | brool'broo-
| | nee'gheess tee'oon
| | chee ro-bohn
You put too much | _Vi metas tro da bluo | vee meh-tahss tro dah
blue in my linen | en mian tolaĵon_ | bloo-oh ehn mee-ahn
| | tohlah'zhohn
This is not my | _Tio ĉi ne estas mia | tee-oh chee neh
handkerchief | naztuko_ | eh'stahss mee-ah
| | nahz-too'ko
You have torn the | _Vi ŝiris la punton_ | vee sheer-eess la
lace | | poon-tohn
When can I have | _Kiam mi povos havi | kee-ahm mee po-vohss
it? | ĝin?_ | hah-vee jeen?
Return this linen | _Resendi tiun ĉi | rehsehn'dee tee-oon
on... | tolaĵon la..._ | chee tohlah'zhohn
| | la...
You must bring | _Estas necese, ke vi | eh-stahss nehtseh'seh,
back this list | reportu tiun ĉi | keh vee rehpohr'too
| liston_ | tee-oon chee
| | lee-stohn
Have you your | _Ĉu vi havas vian | choo vee ha-vahss
bill? | kalkulon?_ | veeahn kahlkoo'lohn?
I will pay you | _Mi pagos vin_ | mee pa-gohss veen
57. Amusements. (_Amuzaĵoj._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 22.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Shall we go to the | _Ĉu ni iru al la | choo nee eer-oo ahl la
theatre? | teatro?_ | teh-ah'tro?
What is on at | _Kion oni ludas ĉe | kee-ohn ohnee loo-dahss
the...? | la...?_ | cheh la...?
When does the | _Kiam komenciĝas la | kee-ahm
performance | prezentado?_ | komehnt-see'jahss la
begin? | | prezentah'doh?
What time do the | _Je kioma horo oni | yeh kee-oh'mah ho-ro
doors open? | malfermas la | ohnee mahlfehr'mahss
| pordojn?_ | la pohr-doyn?
Is the box-office | _Ĉu la lokoficejo estas | choo la
open? | malfermita?_ | loh'kofeetseh'yo
| | eh-stahss
| | mahlfehrmee'tah?
Where can we book | _Kie oni povas antaŭe | kee-eh oh-nee po-vahss
seats? | rezervi lokojn?_ | ahntah'weh
| | rehzehr'vee lo-koyn?
I should like to | _Mi dezirus vidi | mee dehzeer'ooss veedee
see a plan | planon_ | plah-nohn
Let us take a box | _Ni prenu loĝion_ | nee preh-noo lohjee'ohn
These seats are | _Ĉi tiuj seĝoj estas | chee tee'ooy seh-joy
reserved | rezervitaj_ | eh'stahss
| | rehzehrvee'tahy
We will take four | _Ni prenos kvar lokojn_ | nee preh-nohss kvahr
seats | | lo-koyn
Where are our | _Kie estas niaj lokoj?_ | kee-eh ehstahss nee'ahy
seats? | | lo-koy?
Where is the | _Kie estas la | kee-eh eh-stahss la
cloakroom? | vestodeponejo?_ | veh-sto-dehpohneh'yo?
Give me a | _Donu al mi programon_ | doh-noo ahl mee
programme | | prohgrah'mohn
What is the play? | _Kion oni ludas?_ | kee-ohn ohnee
| | loo-dahss?
How well the band | _Kiel bone la orkestro | kee-ehl bo-neh la
plays! | ludas!_ | or-keh'stro
| | loo-dahss!
There is a fine | _Estas bonega orkestro_ | ehstahss bo-neh'gah
orchestra | | orkeh'stro
What an excellent | _Kiel bonega pianisto!_ | kee-ehl bo-neh'gah
pianist! | | pee-ahnist'o!
An interval of | _Intertempo de dek-kvin | in'tehr-tehm'po deh
fifteen minutes | minutoj_ | dehk-kveen meenoo'toy
Would you like | _Ĉu vi deziras ion | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
some | manĝi aŭ trinki?_ | ee-ohn mahn-jee ahw
refreshment? | | trinkee?
Shall we go to the | _Ĉu ni iru al la | choo nee ee-roo ahl la
buffet? | bufedo?_ | boofeh'doh?
Is there a good | _Ĉu estas ĉi tie bona | choo eh-stahss chee
museum? | muzeo?_ | tee-eh bo-nah
| | moozeh'oh?
The works of art | _La artaĵoj estas tre | la ahrtah'zhoy
are very fine | belaj_ | eh-stahss treh
| | beh'lahy
Are tickets | _Ĉu oni devas havi | choo oh-nee deh-vahss
required? | biletojn?_ | hah-vee beeleh'toyn?
Who sells them? | _Kiu vendas ilin?_ | kee-oo ven-dahss
| | eeleen?
The coach leaves | _La diliĝenco ekveturas | la deelee-jehnt'so
at ten | je la deka_ | ehk-veh-toor'ahss yeh
| | la deh-kah
How much will it | _Kiom ĝi kostos?_ | kee-ohm jee ko-stohss?
cost? | |
It will take all | _La veturo tien okupos | la vehtoor'oh tee-ehn
day to go there | la tutan tagon_ | ohkoo'pohss la
| | too-tahn tah-gohn
Can you put us up | _Ĉu vi povas kunmeti | choo vee po-vahss
some | por ni iom da | koon-meh'tee pohr nee
refreshment? | nutraĵo?_ | ee-ohm dah
| | nootrah'zho?
We should like | _Ni deziras sandviĉojn_ | nee dehzeer'ahss
some sandwiches | | sahnd-vee'choyn
Is there a good | _Ĉu estas bona loko, | choo eh-stahss bo-nah
place for lunch? | kie oni povas | lo-ko, kee-eh ohnee
| tagmanĝi?_ | po-vahss
| | tahg-mahn'jee?
58. Cycling. (_La Ciklismo._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 23-24.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
I want to hire a | _Mi deziras lui | mee dehzeer'ahss loo-ee
machine | biciklon_ | beetsee'klohn.
With all | _Kun ĉiuj akcesoraĵoj_ | koon chee-ooy
accessories | | ahktseh-so-rah'zhoy
By the hour | _Laŭhore_ | lahw-ho'reh
By the day | _Laŭtage_ | lahw-tah'gheh
What are your | _Kiom vi postulas?_ | kee-ohm vee
terms? | | postoo'lahss?
Have you a cycle | _Ĉu vi havas remizon | choo vee hah-vahss
shelter? | por bicikloj?_ | reh-mee'zohn pohr
| | beet-see'kloy?
Tighten this nut | _Fiksu tiun ĉi | fik-soo tee-oon chee
| ŝraŭbingon_ | shrahw-been'gohn
Loosen the chain | _Malstreĉu la ĉenon_ | mahl-streh'choo la
| | cheh-nohn
What are the roads | _Kiaj estas la vojoj?_ | kee-ahy eh-stahss la
like? | | vo-yoy?
Are the roads | _Ĉu la vojoj estas | choo la vo-yoy ehstahss
good? | bonaj?_ | bo'nahy?
The roads are bad | _La vojoj estas | la voyoy ehstahss
| malbonaj_ | mahl-bo'nahy
The roads are in | _La vojoj estas en bona | la vo-yoy eh-stahss ehn
good condition | stato_ | bo-nah stah-toh
We will start | _Ni ekiros je la..._ | nee ekeer'ohss yeh
at... | | la...
Are you ready? | _Ĉu vi estas preta?_ | choo vee eh-stahss
| | preh-tah?
Make haste! | _Rapidu!_ | rahpee'doo!
Turn to the right | _Turnu dekstren_ | toor-noo dehk-strehn
Keep straight on | _Iru rekte antaŭen_ | ee-roo rehkteh
| | ahntah'wehn
This hill is | _Ĉi tiu deklivo estas | chee tee-oo dehklee'vo
dangerous | danĝera_ | eh-stahss
| | dahn-jeh'rah
Ring your bell | _Tintigu vian tintilon_ | tintee'goo vee-ahn
| | tin-tee'lohn
Don't go so fast | _Ne iru tiel rapide_ | neh ee-roo tee-ehl
| | rah-pee'deh
Look out! Stop! | _Atentu! Haltu!_ | ahtehn'too! hahl-too!
The chain is off | _La ĉeno deiĝis_ | la cheh-no deh-ee'jeess
I must pump up my | _Estas necese, ke mi | eh-stahss nehtseh'seh,
tyres | ŝveligu la | keh mee shvehlee'goo
| pneŭmatikojn_ | la pnehw-mahtee'koyn
My tyre is | _Mia pneŭmatiko estas | mee-ah pnehw-mahtee'ko
punctured | trapikita_ | eh-stahss
| | trahpee-kee'tah
The back tyre is | _La malantaŭa | la mahl-ahntah'wah
burst | pneŭmatiko krevis_ | pnehw-matee'ko
| | kreh-veess
I have broken a... | _Mi rompis..._ | mee rohmpeess...
Where can I get my | _Kie mi povas riparigi | kee-eh mee povahss
bicycle mended? | mian biciklon?_ | reepahree'ghee
| | mee-ahn
| | beetsee'klohn?
Where is the | _Kie estas la plej | kee-eh eh-stahss la
nearest cycle | proksima | plehy proksee'mah
shop? | biciklobutiko?_ | beetsee'klo-
| | bootee'ko?
Will you please | _Ĉu vi afable | choo vee ahfah'bleh
repair...? | riparos...?_ | ree-pahr'ohss...?
When will it be | _Kiam ĝi estos preta?_ | kee-ahm jee eh-stohss
ready? | | prehtah?
I want my machine | _Mi deziras lasi purigi | mee dehzeer'ahss
cleaned | mian maŝinon_ | lah-see pooree'ghee
| | mee-ahn mahshee'nohn
How long will it | _Kiom da tempo tio | kee-ohm dah tehm'po
take? | okupos?_ | tee-oh ohkoo'pohss?
Is it time to | _Ĉu estas la horo por | choo eh-stahss la ho-ro
light up? | lumigo?_ | pohr loomee'go?
We must light up | _Ni devas lumigi_ | nee deh-vahss
| | loomee'ghee
Lighting-up time | _La lumiga horo estas | la loomee'gah ho-ro
is at eight | je la oka_ | eh-stahss yeh la
o'clock | | oh-kah
Please fill my | _Volu plenigi mian | vo-loo plehnee'ghee
lamp | lampon_ | mee-ahn lahm-pohn
It wants a new | _Ĝi bezonas novan | jee behzoh'nahss
wick | meĉon_ | no-vahn meh-chohn
How much is it? | _Kiom estas?_ | kee-ohm eh-stahss?
Have you a road | _Ĉu vi havas vojan | choo vee hah-vahss
guide? | gvidplanon?_ | vo-yahn
| | gveed-plah'nohn?
Which do you | _Kiun vi bezonas?_ | kee-oon vee
require? | | behzoh'nahss?
A map of the Paris | _Mapon de la Pariza | mah-pohn deh la
district | regiono_ | pah-ree'zah
| | reh-gheeoh'no
59. Motoring. (_Aŭtomobilismo._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 23-24; see also Cycling Phrases, above.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Is there a motor | _Ĉu estas remizo por | choo eh-stahss
garage in this | aŭtomobiloj en tiu ĉi | rehmee'zo pohr
town? | urbo?_ | ahwtohmoh-bee'loy ehn
| | tee-oo chee oor-bo?
Give me some | _Donu al mi petrolon_ | doh-noo ahl mee
petrol | | peh-tro'lohn
I want a | _Mi deziras | mee dehzeer'ahss
carburator for | karburatoron por | kahr-boo-rahtohr'ohn
motor-car | aŭtomobilo_ | pohr
| | ahw-toh-mohbee'lo
The clutch is out | _La konektumo ne | la kohnehktoo'mo neh
of order | funkcias_ | foonk-tsee'ahss
Have you examined | _Ĉu vi ekzamenis la | choo vee
my | rapidŝanĝan | ehkzahmeh'neess la
speed-changing | mekanismon?_ | rah-peed'shahn'jahn
gear? | | mehkah-nees'mohn?
Replace my brake | _Remetu mian bremson_ | rehmeh'too mee-ahn
| | brehm-sohn
My back spring is | _Mia malantaŭa risorto | mee-ah mahl-ahntah'wah
broken | estas rompita_ | ree-sohr'toh ehstahss
| | rohmpee'tah
Have you an | _Ĉu vi havas | choo vee hah-vahss
accumulator-- | akumulatoron--de kvar | ah-koomoo-
four volts? | voltoj?_ | lahtohr'ohn--deh
| | kvahr vohl-toy?
What is the power | _Kioma estas la potenco | keeoh'ma eh-stahss la
of this motor? | de tiu ĉi | po-tehnt'so deh
| aŭtomobilo?_ | tee-oo chee
| | ahwtohmohbee'lo?
This is an | _Tiu ĉi estas maŝino de | tee-oo chee eh-stahss
eight-horse- | okĉevala potenco_ | mahshee'no deh
power engine | | ohk'chehvah'lah
| | potehnt'so
A pinion is wanted | _Mankas dentradeto ĉe | mahn-kahss
for the small | la malgranda akso_ | dehnt'rah-deh'toh
axle | | cheh la
| | mahl-grahn'dah ahk'so
I want my | _Mi deziras ŝargigi | mee dehzeer'ahss
accumulator | mian akumulatoron_ | shar-ghee'ghee
charged | | mee-ahn
| | ah-koomoolahtohr'ohn
I have lost my | _Mi perdis mian kornon_ | mee pehrdeess mee-ahn
horn (_or_ | (or _blekilon_) | kohr'nohn
hooter) | | (blehkee'lohn)
Are you an | _Ĉu vi estas sperta | choo vee eh-stahss
experienced | motorveturigisto?_ | spehr-tah
driver? | | motohr'veh-tooree-
| | gheess'toh?
What experience | _Kiun spertadon vi | kee'oon spehrtah'dohn
have you had? | havis?_ | vee hah'veess?
Drive slowly | _Veturu malrapide tra | vehtoor'oo
through the town | la urbo_ | mahlrahpee'deh trah
| | la oor-bo
Speed not to | _La rapideco devas ne | la rahpeedeht'so
exceed...miles | esti pli ol...mejloj | deh-vahss neh eh-stee
per hour | ĉiuhore_ | plee ohl...meh'y-loy
| | chee-oo-ho'reh
60. Photography. (_La Fotografarto._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 25.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Must permission be | _Ĉu oni devas havi | choo oh-nee deh-vahss
obtained to | permeson por | hah-vee pehrmeh'sohn
photograph? | fotografi?_ | pohr fo-tograh'fee?
I wish to take the | _Mi volas fotografi la | mee vo-lahss
interior | internon_ | fo-tograh'fee la
| | intehr'nohn
Have you brought | _Ĉu vi kunportis vian | choo vee koonpor'teess
your camera? | kamereton?_ | veeahn
| | kam-ehreh'tohn?
This is my camera | _Tio ĉi estas mia | tee-oh chee eh-stahss
| kamereto_ | mee-ah kam-ehreh'toh
The lens is broken | _La lenso estas | la lehn-so eh-stahss
| rompita_ | rohmpee'tah
The light is too | _La lumo estas tro | la loo-mo eh-stahss tro
strong | forta_ | fohr-tah
What exposure must | _Kiom mi devas espozi | kee-ohm mee deh-vahss
I give it? | ĝin?_ | ehspo'zee jeen?
It is out of focus | _Ĝi ne estas ĝuste en | jee neh ehstahss
| fokuso_ | joo'steh ehn
| | fo-koo'so
What size of plate | _Kioman grandon de | keeoh'mahn grahndohn
do you use? | plato vi uzas?_ | deh plah-toh vee
| | oo-zahss?
Have you a dark | _Ĉu vi havas | choo vee hah'vahss
room? | rivelejon?_ | ree-vehleh'yohn?
I want to develop | _Mi volas riveli | mee vo-lahss reeveh'lee
some plates | kelkajn platojn_ | kehl'kahyn plah-toyn
This plate is | _Tiu ĉi plato estas | tee-oo chee plah-toh
spoilt | difektita_ | eh-stahss
| | deefehk-tee'tah
That is due to | _Tio estas pro troa | tee-oh eh-stahss pro
over-exposure | espozo_ | tro-ah ehspo'zo
I am going to | _Mi presos plu da | mee preh'sohss ploo da
print more | ekzempleroj_ | ehkzehm-pleh'roy
copies | |
This was spoilt in | _Tiu ĉi difektiĝis dum | tee-oo chee
the printing | la presado_ | deefehktee'jeess doom
| | la prehsah'doh
What a beautiful | _Kiel bela | kee-ehl beh-la
photograph! | fotografaĵo!_ | fo-to-grahfah'zho!
The grouping is | _La gruparanĝo estas | la groop-ahrahn'jo
very good | tre bona_ | eh-stahss treh bo-nah
I have secured | _Mi kaptis bonegajn | mee kahp-teess
some fine views | vidaĵojn_ | bo-neh'gahyn
| | veedah'zhoyn
Do you sell | _Ĉu vi vendas | choo vee vehn-dahss
photographic | fotografajn | fo-tograh'fahyn
materials? | materialojn?_ | mahteh-reeah'loyn?
I want some pretty | _Mi deziras beletajn | mee dehzeer'ahss
mounts | muntokartojn_ | beh-leh'tahyn
| | moontoh-kahr'toyn
What do you | _Kion vi bezonas?_ | kee-ohn vee
require? | | behzohn'ahss?
I should like some | _Mi bezonas plu da | mee behzoh'nahss ploo
more films | filmoj_ | dah feel-moy
61. Religion. (_La Religio._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 26.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Is there an | _Ĉu estas ĉi tie Angla | choo eh-stahss chee
English church | preĝejo?_ | tee-eh ahnglah
here? | | prehjeh'yo?
Is it near here? | _Ĉu ĝi estas proksima | choo jee ehstahss
| de tie ĉi?_ | prohksee'ma deh
| | tee-eh chee?
Who is the | _Kiu estas la | kee-oo eh-stahss la
preacher? | predikanto?_ | prehdee-kahn'toh?
What time is the | _Je kioma horo | yeh keeoh'ma horo
service? | komenciĝas la | kohmentsee'jahss la
| diservo?_ | deesehr'vo?
The seats must be | _Oni devas pagi pri la | oh-nee deh-vahss
paid for | sidlokoj_ | pahghee pree la
| | seed-lo'koy
The seats are free | _La sidlokoj estas | la seed-lo'koy
| senpagaj_ | eh-stahss
| | sehnpah'gahy
Is there a | _Ĉu estas monkolekto?_ | choo ehstahss
collection? | | mohnko-lek'toh?
An offertory is | _Oni faras monkolekton_ | ohnee fahrahss
taken | | mohnko-lek'tohn
Can you find me a | _Ĉu vi povas trovi por | choo vee povahss trovee
seat? | mi sidejon?_ | pohr mee sid-eh'yohn?
The verger will | _La pedelo trovos | la pehdeh'lo tro-vohss
find you a seat | sidejon por vi_ | sid-eh'yohn pohr vee
Mass is being | _Oni faras la meson_ | oh-nee fah-rahss la
celebrated | | meh-sohn
Let us wait--go | _Ni atendu--ni iru_ | nee ahtehn'doo--nee
| | eer'oo
Pass me a | _Volu transdoni | vo-loo trahnsdoh'nee
hymn-book | himnolibron_ | him'no-lee'brohn
What other | _Kiuj aliaj diservoj | kee-ooy ahlee'ahy
services are | estas?_ | deesehr'voy
there? | | eh-stahss?
62. The Time of Day. (_La Horo._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
What time is it? | _Kioma horo estas?_ | kee-oh'ma ho-ro
| | ehstahss?
It has just struck | _Ĵus sonis la naŭa | zhooss so-neess la
nine | (horo)_ | nahwah (ho-ro)
Exactly 3 o'clock | _Precize la tria_ | prehtsee'zeh la tree-ah
Ten (minutes) past | _Dek minutoj post la | dehk meenoo'toy post la
seven | sepa_ | seh-pa
A quarter past one | _Kvarono post la unua_ | kvahro'no post la
| | oonoo'ah
Half-past four | _Duono post la kvara_ | doo-o'no post la kvahra
Twenty (minutes) | _Dudek minutoj antaŭ la | doo-dehk meenoo'toy
to six | sesa_ | ahn'tahw la seh-sah
At what time? | _Je kioma horo?_ | yeh kee-oh'ma ho-ro?
At a quarter to | _Je kvarono antaŭ la | yeh kvahro'no ahn'tahw
eight | oka_ | la oh-kah
At nine a.m. | _Je la naŭa matene_ | yeh la nah-wah
| | mahteh'neh
Seven-fifteen p.m. | _La sepa-dek-kvin | la seh'pa-dehk-kveen
| vespere_ | veh-speh'reh
Is it late? | _Ĉu estas malfrue?_ | choo eh-stahss
| | mahlfroo'eh?
It is (not) late | _(Ne) estas malfrue_ | (neh) eh-stahss
| | mahlfroo'eh
It is still early | _Estas ankoraŭ frue_ | eh-stahss ahnko'rahw
| | froo'eh
It is getting late | _Malfruiĝas_ | mahl-froo-ee'jahss
It is only ten | _Estas nur la deka_ | eh-stahss noor la
| | deh-kah
The clock is | _La horo sonas_ | la ho-ro so-nahss
striking | |
63. Times, Seasons and Weather. (_La Horoj, la Sezonoj, kaj la Vetero._)
(For Vocabularies see §§. 1 & 8.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
This day week | _Unu semajnon de | oo-noo sehmah'y-nohn
| hodiaŭ_ | deh ho-dee'ahw
That was three or | _Tio okazis antaŭ tri | tee-oh ohkah'zeess
four days ago | aŭ kvar tagoj_ | ahn'tahw tree ahw
| | kvahr tah-goy
To-morrow | _Du semajnojn de | doo sehmah'y-nohn deh
fortnight | morgaŭ_ | mohr'gahw
At about this time | _Proksimume je tiu ĉi | prohksee-moo'meh yeh
| horo_ | tee-oo chee ho-ro
In a month's time | _Post unu monato_ | post oo-noo mohnah'toh
The first of next | _La unua de l' proksima | la oonoo'ah dehl
month | monato_ | prohksee'mah
| | mohnah'toh
In (after) six | _Post ses semajnoj_ | post sehss sehmah'ynoy
weeks | |
On the last day of | _La lastan tagon de l' | la lah-stahn tah-gohn
the month | monato_ | dehl mohnah'toh
At the end of this | _Je la fino de tiu ĉi | yeh la fee-no deh
month | monato_ | tee-oo chee
| | mohnah'toh
Towards the middle | _Ĉirkaŭ la mezo de | cheer'kahw la meh-zo
of January | Januaro_ | deh yahnooah'ro
In the course of a | _En la daŭro de unu | ehn la dahw'ro deh
week | semajno_ | oo-noo sehmah'y-no
From time to time | _De l'tempo al tempo_ | dehl tehmpo ahl tehmpo
From one day to | _De unu tago al alia_ | deh oo-noo tah-go ahl
another | | ahlee'ah
A few days ago | _Antaŭ kelkaj tagoj_ | ahn'tahw kehl'kahy
| | tah-goy
A short time since | _Antaŭ nelonga tempo_ | ahn'tahw nehlohn'gah
| | tehmpo
Scarcely two days | _Antaŭ apenaŭ du tagoj_ | ahn'tahw apeh'nahw doo
ago | | tahgoy
At least a month | _Antaŭ almenaŭ unu | ahn'tahw ahlmeh'nahw
ago | monato_ | oo-noo mo-nah'toh
It is full moon | _Estas plena luno_ | ehstahss plehnah loono
The heat is | _La varmo estas | la varmo ehstahss
unbearable | neelportebla_ | nehehlpohrteh'blah
I am very warm | _Mi estas tre varma_ | mee ehstahss treh varma
I am afraid it | _Mi timas, ke pluvos_ | mee teemahss, keh
will rain | | ploovohss
We shall have a | _Ni havos fulmotondron_ | nee ha-vohss
storm | | fool-mo-tohn'drohn
Did you see the | _Ĉu vi vidis la | choo vee vee-dees la
lightning? | fulmon?_ | fool-mohn?
I heard the | _Mi aŭdis la tondron_ | mee ahw-dees la
thunder | | tohn-drohn
How it pours! | _Kiel pluvegas!_ | kee-ehl plooveh'gahss!
Would you like an | _Ĉu vi deziras | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
umbrella? | pluvombrelon?_ | ploov-ohmbreh'lohn?
I am wet through | _Mi estas trae | mee eh-stahas trah-eh
| malsekigita_ | mahlsehkee-ghee'tah
Look at the | _Rigardu la ĉielarkon_ | reegahr'doo la
rainbow | | chee-ehlahr'kohn
It is growing very | _Tre malvarmiĝas_ | treh mahlvarmee'jahass
cold | |
Winter will soon | _La vintro baldaŭ | la veen-tro bahl'dahw
be here | alvenos_ | ahlveh'nohss
It snows | _Neĝas_ | neh-jahss
It freezes--it | _Frostas--degelas_ | fro-stahss--
thaws | | dehgheh'lahss
It is very dirty | _Estas tre malpure_ | eh-stahss treh
| | mahl-poor'eh
It is very windy | _Tre ventas_ | treh vehntahss
How high the wind | _Kiel forta estas la | kee-ehl fohrtah
is! | vento!_ | ehstahss la vehntoh!
The wind is in the | _La vento blovas el la | la vehntoh blovahss ehl
east | oriento_ | la ohree-ehn'toh
The dust is | _La polvo estas terura_ | la pohlvo eh-stahss
terrible | | teh-roor'ah
I hope it will be | _Mi esperas, ke la | mee espeh'rahss, keh la
fine | vetero estos bela_ | vehteh'ro ehstohss
| | behla
What a beautiful | _Kiel bela tago!_ | kee-ehl beh-la tah-go!
day! | |
64. Post and Telegraph. (_La Poŝto kaj la Telegrafo._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 30.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Number of Customs' | _Nombro de doganaj | nohm'bro deh
declarations | deklaroj_ | dohgah'nahy
| | dehklah'roy
Nature of contents | _Priskribo de la | preeskree'bo deh la
| enhavo_ | ehnhah'vo
Value of contents | _Valoro de la enhavo_ | vahlohr'oh deh la
| | ehnhah'vo
Stamp of office of | _Stampo de la | stahm-po deh la
origin | elsendinta oficejo_ | ehl-sehndin'tah
| | offeetseh'yo
Place of | _Kien sendata_ | kee-ehn sehndah'tah
destination | |
Name and address | _Nomo kaj adreso de | no-mo kahy ahdreh'so
of sender | l'sendinto_ | dehl sehndin'toh
Where is the | _Kie estas la | kee-eh ehstahss la
post-office? | poŝtoficejo?_ | pohst-offeetseh'yo?
Have you any | _Ĉu vi havas leterojn | choo vee hah-vahss
letters for...? | por...?_ | letehr'oyn pohr...?
Will this letter | _Ĉu tiu ĉi letero | choo tee-oo chee
go to-night? | forsendiĝos jam | lehtehr'o
| hodiaŭ nokte?_ | fohrsendee'johss yahm
| | ho-dee'ahw nok-teh?
What stamp will | _Kiom estos la afranko | kee-ohm eh-stohss la
this letter | de tiu ĉi letero?_ | ahfrahn'ko deh tee-oo
require? | | chee lehteh'roh?
To register a | _Registri leteron_ | rehghis'tree
letter | | lehtehr'ohn
I wish to send a | _Mi volas sendi | mee vo-lahss sehn-dee
telegram | telegramon_ | tehlehgrah'mohn
The first ten | _La unuaj dek vorto_ | la oonoo'ahy dehk
words | | vortoy
Every extra word | _Ĉiu plua vorto_ | chee-oo ploo-ah vor-toh
I expect a | _Mi atendas telegramon | mee ahten'dahss
telegram to-day | hodiaŭ_ | tehleh-grah'mohn
| | ho-dee'ahw
When does the post | _Kiam alvenas la | kee-ahm ahlveh'nahs la
from Rome come? | kuriero de Romo?_ | kooree-eh'ro deh
| | romo?
The letters will | _La leteroj estos | la lehteh'roy eh-stohss
be delivered | alportataj ĉirkaŭ la | ahl-portah'tahy
about noon | tagmezo_ | cheer'kahw la
| | tahg-meh'zo
When does the mail | _Je kioma horo foriras | yeh kee-oh'ma ho-ro
leave for Italy? | la kuriero por | foreer'ahss la
| Italujo?_ | kooree-eh'ro pohr
| | eetaloo'yo?
Is the London mail | _Ĉu la Londona kuriero | choo la lohndoh'nah
in yet? | ankoraŭ alvenis?_ | kooree-eh'ro
| | ahnko'rahw
| | ahlveh'neess?
When is the next | _Kiam okazos la | kee-ahm ohkah'zohss la
delivery? | proksima disporto?_ | proksee'mah
| | dispor'toh?
The latest | _La lasta disporto | la lah-stah dispor'toh
delivery is | okazas je la..._ | ohkah'zahss yeh la...
at... | |
I want a money | _Mi deziras | mee dehzeer'ahss
order for... | poŝtmandaton por..._ | posht-mahndah'tohn
| | pohr...
Payable at the | _Pagebla ĉe la Ĉefa | pah-gheh'blah cheh la
General | Poŝtoficejo, Londono_ | cheh'fah
Post-office, | | posht-offeetseh'yo
London | | lohndoh'no
What is the | _Kiom da afranko pri | kee-ohm dah ahfrahn'ko
postage on this | tiu ĉi letero?_ | pree tee-oo chee
letter? | | lehteh'roh?
Is this letter | _Ĉu tiu ĉi letero estas | choo tee-oo chee
over-weight? | tro peza?_ | lehteh'roh ehstahss
| | tro pehzah?
It requires | _Ĝi bezonas pluan | jee bezoh'nahss plooahn
another stamp | poŝtmarkon_ | posht-mar'kohn
65. Correspondence. (_La Korespondado_)
(For Vocabulary see §. 31.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
I have a letter to | _Mi devas respondi | mee deh-vahss
answer | leteron_ | rehspohn'dee
| | lehteh'rohn
I must write a | _Mi devas skribi | mee deh-vahss skreebee
letter | leteron_ | lehtehr'ohn
Do you want a pen? | _Ĉu vi deziras plumon?_ | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
| | ploo-mon?
I want some paper | _Mi bezonas paperon kaj | mee behzoh'nahss
and envelopes | kovertojn_ | pahpeh'rohn kahy
| | kovehr'toyn
Will you give me | _Ĉu vi donos al mi | choo vee doh-nohss ahl
some? | iom?_ | mee ee-ohm?
Lend me a sheet | _Pruntedonu al mi | proon-teh-doh'noo ahl
| folion_ | mee fohlee'ohn
Have you any? | _Ĉu vi havas iom?_ | choo vee hah-vahss
| | ee-ohm?
Can you lend me a | _Ĉu vi povas pruntedoni | choo vee povahss
pen? | al mi plumon?_ | proon-teh-doh'nee ahl
| | mee ploo-mohn?
Do you like a soft | _Ĉu vi ŝatas molan | choo vee shah-tahss
pen? | plumon?_ | mo-lahn ploo-mohn?
I like a hard one | _Mi preferas malmolan_ | mee preh-fehr'ahss
| | mahlmo'lahn
Where is the ink? | _Kie estas la inko?_ | kee-eh eh-stahss la
| | eenko?
There is no ink | _Ne estas inko_ | neh eh-stahss een-ko
What is the day of | _La kioma tago de | la kee-oh'ma tahgo dehl
the month? | l'monato estas?_ | mo-nah'toh eh-stahss?
To-day is the | _Hodiaŭ estas la unua_ | ho-dee'ahw eh-stahss la
first | | oonoo'ah
This is the ninth | _Hodiaŭ estas la naŭa_ | ho-dee'ahw eh-stahss la
| | nah-wah
Is your letter | _Ĉu via letero estas | choo vee-ah lehteh'roh
ready for the | preta par la poŝto?_ | eh-stahss preh-tah
post? | | por la posh-toh?
Seal your letter | _Sigelu vian leteron_ | sigeh'loo vee-ahn
| | lehteh'rohn
There is no | _Ne estas sigelvakso_ | neh eh-stahss
sealing-wax | | sigehlvahk'so
Take this letter | _Portu tiun ĉi leteron | portoo tee-oon chee
to the post | al la poŝto_ | lehteh'rohn ahl la
| | posh-toh
Pay the postage | _Afranku ĝin_ | ahfrahn'koo jin
66. Legal and Judicial. (_Leĝaj kaj Juraj Frazoj._)
(For Vocabulary, see §. 28.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Call the police | _Alvoku policanon_ | ahlvo'koo
| | pohleet-sah'nohn
I give this man in | _Mi arestigas tiun ĉi | mee ahreh-stee'gahss
charge | homon_ | tee-oon chee ho'mohn
What do you charge | _Pri kio vi akuzas | pree kee-oh vee
him with? | lin?_ | ahkoo'zahss lin?
He has stolen my | _Li ŝtelis mian | lee shteh-leess mee-ahn
purse | monujon_ | monoo'yohn
He has taken my | _Li prenis mian | lee prehneess mee-ahn
watch | poŝ-horloĝon_ | posh-horlo'john
Where is the | _Kie estas la | kee-eh eh-stahss la
police-station? | policejo?_ | pohleet-seh'yo?
Have you any | _Ĉu vi havas | choo vee hah-vahss
witnesses? | atestantojn?_ | ahteh-stahn'toyn?
I have two | _Mi havas du | mee hahvahss doo
witnesses | atestantojn_ | ahtehstahn'toyn
Where is the | _Kie estas la | kee-eh eh-stahss la
court? | tribunalo?_ | treeboonah'lo?
You must take out | _Vi devas eldonigi | vee deh-vahss
a summons | asignon_ | ehldoh-nee'ghee
| | ahseeg'nohn
I want a summons | _Mi deziras asignon_ | mee dehzeer'ahss
| | ah-seeg'nohn
Do you wish to | _Ĉu vi deziras | choo vee dehzeer'ahss
prosecute? | persekuti?_ | pehrsehkoo'tee?
I don't care to | _Mi ne volas persekuti_ | mee neh vo-lahss
prosecute | | pehr-sehkoo'tee
What do you | _Kion vi konsilas?_ | kee'ohn vee
advise? | | konsee'lahss?
What am I to do? | _Kion mi faru?_ | kee-ohn mee fah-roo?
Can you recommend | _Ĉu vi povas rekomendi | choo vee po-vahss
me a solicitor? | al mi solicitoron?_ | reh-komehn'dee ahl
| | mee
| | sohleet-seetor'ohn?
Will you take up | _Ĉu vi okupos vin pri | choo vee ohkoo'pohss
my case? | mia afero?_ | vin pree mee-ah
| | ahfeh'roh?
Can I have an | _Ĉu mi povas havi | choo mee po-vahss
interpreter? | interpretiston?_ | hahvee
| | intehrprehtis'ton?
I want bail | _Mi deziras, ke oni min | mee dehzeer'ahss, keh
| liberigu je kaŭcio_ | oh-nee min
| | libehree'goo yeh
| | kahwtsee'oh
Send to my friends | _Sendu iun al miaj | sehn-doo ee-oon ahl
| amikoj_ | mee'ahy ahmee'koy
Where is the | _Kie estas la Brita | kee-eh eh-stahss la
British Embassy | Ambasadorejo | bree-tah
(Consulate)? | (Konsulejo)?_ | ahmbahsahdoreh'yo
| | (konsooleh'yo)?
This is quite | _Tio estas tute | tee-oh eh-stahss
wrong | malĝusta_ | too-teh mahl-joos'tah
It is not just | _Ne estas juste_ | neh eh-stahss yoos-teh
I accept your | _Mi akceptas vian | mee ahktsehp'tahss
apology | peton_ | veeahn peh-tohn
I apologise | _Mi petas pardonon_ | mee peh-tahss
| | pardoh'nohn
It was all a | _La tuta afero estis | la too-tah ahfehr'oh
mistake | eraro_ | eh-steess ehrah'ro
I claim damages | _Mi postulas | mee postoo'lahss
| monkompenson_ | mohnkompehn'sohn
The case is | _La proceso estas | la prohtseh'so
adjourned | prokrastita ĝis..._ | eh-stahss
until... | | prohkrah-stee'tah
| | jiss...
I will be here | _Mi estos tie ĉi_ | mee ehstohss tee-eh
| | chee
67. Commercial and Trading. (_Komercaj kaj Negocaj Frazoj._)
(For Vocabulary see §. 29.)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
The firm has | _La firmo bankrotis_ | la feer'mo
failed | | bahnkro'teess
What assets are | _Kiom da aktivo estas?_ | kee-ohm dah ahktee'vo
there? | | eh-stahss?
Show me a | _Montru al mi bilancon_ | mohn-troo ahl mee
balance-sheet | | bee-lahnt'sohn
What dividend is | _Kioman dividendon oni | keeohman dividen'dohn
declared? | deklaris?_ | ohnee deklah'reess?
The Bank rate is | _La Banka kurso | la bahn-kah koor-so
down | malaltiĝis_ | mahlahltee'jeess
Send in my account | _Sendu mian konton_ | sehn-doo mee-ahn
| | kontohn
There is an error | _Estas eraro en via | eh-stahss eh-rah'ro ehn
in your account | konto_ | vee-ah kon-toh
You have | _Vi kalkulis al mi tro | vee kahlkoo'leess ahl
over-charged me | kare_ | mee tro kah-reh
This has been paid | _Tio estas pagita_ | teeoh ehstahss
| | pahgheetah
Your account is | _Estas jam post la | ehstahss yahm pohst la
overdue | pagdato de via konto_ | pahg-dah'toh deh
| | veeah kon-toh
Give me a receipt | _Donu al mi kvitancon_ | donoo ahl mee
| | kvitahnt'sohn
My samples are | _Miaj specimenoj | mee'ahy
delayed | malfruas_ | speht-seemeh'noy
| | mahl-froo'ahss
Your esteemed | _Via ŝatata mendo | vee-ah shahtah'tah
order to hand | alvenis_ | mehndoh ahlveh'neess
We require trade | _Ni bezonas | nee behzoh'nahss
references | negocreferencojn_ | nehgohts-
| | rehfehrent'soyn
I have a letter of | _Mi havas prezentan | mee havahss
introduction | leteron_ | prehzehn'tahn
| | lehteh'rohn
When can you | _Kiam vi povas liveri | kee-ahm vee po-vahss
deliver the | la komercaĵojn?_ | leeveh'ree la
goods? | | komehrtsah'zhoyn?
We will deliver on | _Ni liveros la unuan de | nee leeveh'rohss la
the 1st proximo | la proksima monato_ | oonoo'ahn deh la
| | proksee'mah
| | mohnah'toh
To execute an | _Plenumi mendon_ | plehnoo'mee mehndohn
order | |
Can I insure my | _Ĉu mi povas asekuri | choo mee po-vahss
baggage? | miajn pakaĵojn?_ | ahsehkoo'ree mee'ahyn
| | pahkah'zhoyn?
Your baggage is | _Viaj pakaĵoj estas | vee'ahy pahkah'zhoy
liable to duty | imposteblaj_ | eh-stahss
| | imposteh'blahy
What is the rate? | _Po kiom?_ | po kee-ohm?
To discount a bill | _Diskonti kambion_ | diskon'tee kahmbee'ohn
Will you accept a | _Ĉu vi akceptos | choo vee ahktsehp'tohss
bill? | kambion?_ | kahmbee'ohn?
Give me your | _Donu al mi vian | dohnoo ahl mee vee-ahn
estimate | kostproponon_ | kost-prohpo'nohn
Quote me a price | _Proponu prezon_ | prohpo'noo preh-zohn
Carriage forward | _Transporto pagota de | trahnspor'toh
| la ricevonto_ | pahgoh'tah deh la
| | ritsehvon'toh
Send by fast train | _Sendu per rapidira | sehn'doo pehr
| vagono_ | rahpeedee'rah
| | vahgo'no
It is short weight | _Mankas iom al la pezo_ | mahn-kahss ee-ohm ahl
| | la peh-zo
What is the | _Kiom estas la pezo?_ | kee-ohm eh-stahss la
weight? | | peh-zo?
The consignment is | _La sendaĵo estas | la sehndah'zho ehstahss
bad | malbona_ | mahl-bo'nah
Not according to | _Ne laŭ specimeno_ | neh lahw spehtseemeh'no
sample | |
68. Changing Money. (_Por ŝanĝi monon._)
English. | Esperanto. | Pronunciation.
-------------------+-------------------------+------------------------
Where can I get | _Kie mi povas ŝanĝigi | kee-eh mee po-vahss
money changed? | monon?_ | shahnjee'ghee
| | mo-nohn?
I want change for | _Mi volas havi monerojn | mee volahss hahvee
a five-pound | por kvinfunta | moneh'royn por
note | bankbileto_ | kvinfoon'tah
| | bahnk-beeleh'toh
Will you give me | _Volu doni al mi Anglan | vo-loo doh-nee ahl mee
English money? | monon?_ | ahn-glahn mo-nohn?
What is the | _Po kiom estas la kurso | po kee-ohm eh-stahss la
exchange on | pri Angla mono?_ | koor-so pree ahn-glah
English money? | | mo-no?
A bank-note | _Bankbileto_ | bahnk-beeleh'toh
Will you change me | _Ĉu vi povas ŝanĝi por | choo vee po-vahss
these | mi ĉi tiujn funtojn | shahnjee por mee chee
sovereigns? | sterlingajn?_ | tee-ooyn foon-toyn
| | stehrlin'gahyn?
Will you cash this | _Ĉu vi povas ŝanĝi por | choo vee po-vahss
cheque for me? | mi ĉi tiun ĉekon?_ | shahnjee por mee chee
| | tee-oon cheh-kohn?
This cheque needs | _Estas necese, ĝiri | eh-stahss nehtseh'seh,
endorsing | tiun ĉi ĉekon_ | jee-ree tee-oon chee
| | cheh-kohn
MONEY, WEIGHTS & MEASURES.
MONEY. (_Mono._)
The following tables will be found useful:
English Money, with French, German and Italian Equivalents.
ENGLISH. | FRENCH. | GERMAN. | ITALIAN.
-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------
£ s. d. | Fr. C. | Mark Pf. | Lire Cent.
50 0 0 | 1250 00 | 1000 00 | 1260 00
10 0 0 | 250 00 | 200 00 | 252 00
5 0 0 | 125 00 | 100 00 | 126 00
4 0 0 | 100 00 | 80 00 | 100 80
1 0 0 | 25 00 | 20 00 | 25 20
16 0 | 20 00 | 16 00 | 20 16
10 0 | 12 50 | 10 00 | 12 60
5 0 | 6 25 | 5 00 | 6 30
4 0 | 5 00 | 4 00 | 5 04
2 6 | 3 12.5 | 2 50 | 3 15
1 0 | 1 25 | 1 00 | 1 25
6 | 62.5 | 50 | 62
5 | 52 | 41 | 52
4 | 41 | 33 | 41
1 | 10 | 8 | 10
0-1/2 | 5 | 4 | 5
French, German and Italian Money, with English Equivalents.
FRENCH. ENGLISH. | GERMAN. ENGLISH. | ITALIAN. ENGLISH.
-----------------------+--------------------+---------------------------
£ s. d. | s. d. | £ s. d.
50 francs = 2 0 0 | 1 mark = 1 0 | 50 lire = 1 19 8
20 " = 16 0 | 8 pfennig = 1 | 20 " = 16 0
5 " = 4 0 | 4 " = 1/2 | 5 " = 4 0
1 franc = 10 | | 1 lira = 9-1/2
10 centimes = 1 | | 10 centesimi = 1
5 " = 1/2 | | 5 " = 1/2
Considerable use is also made by Esperantists of the International
Aŭiliary Money-unit (_Internacia Helpa Mono_) introduced by M. René de
Saussure, of the Internacia Scienca Asocio, Geneva. The unit is the
_Speso_, equivalent to one-tenth of a farthing in English money.
10 _spesoj_ (abbr. 10 _s._) = 1 _spesdeko_ (1 _sd._) = 1/4d.
100 _spesdekoj_ (100 _sd._) = 1 _spesmilo_ (1 _sm._) = 2s. 0d.
1 _sm._ = 100 _sd._ = 1,000 _s._
The approximate values of 10 _spesmiloj_ in terms of the various
national units are as follows: 10 _spesmiloj_ = 25 francs = 20 shillings
= 20 marks = 5 dollars = 24 Austrian kroner = 18 Scandinavian kroner =
12 Dutch florins = 9-1/2 roubles = 4-1/2 Portuguese milreis = 9
Brazilian milreis = 5 pesetas = 9-3/4 yen.
The chief point to remember is that 1 _spesmilo_ equals 2 shillings, and
1 _spesdeko_ equals approximately 1 farthing.
WEIGHTS & MEASURES. (_Pezoj kaj Mezuroj._)
The Metric System is the one in general use among Esperantists. The
following table shows the essential decimal character of the system:
Parts. Length. Weight. Capacity.
One-thousandth. Milimetro. Miligramo. Mililitro.
One-hundredth. Centimetro. Centigramo. Centilitro.
One-tenth. Decimetro. Decigramo. Decilitro.
ONE. METRO (unit). GRAMO (unit). LITRO (unit).
Ten. Dekametro. Dekagramo. Dekalitro.
Hundred. Hektometro. Hektogramo. Hektolitro.
Thousand. Kilometro. Kilogramo. Kilolitro.
MEASURES OF LENGTH. (_Mezuroj de Longeco._)
English. Esperanto.
1 inch = 2.54 _centimetroj_
1 foot (12 in.) = 30.48 "
1 yard (3 ft.) = 91.43 "
1 furlong (220 yds.) = 201 _metroj_
1 mile (1760 yds.) = 1.61 _kilometroj_
5 miles = 8.05 "
Esperanto. English.
1 _centimetro_ = 0.394 (1/3) inch
1 _decimetro_ = 3.94 inches
1 _metro_ = 39.37 in. (3 ft. 3-1/3 in.)
1 _hektometro_ = 109 yds. 1 ft.
1 _kilometro_ = 1093 yds. (5/8 mile)
5 _kilometroj_ = 3 miles 220 yds.
WEIGHTS. (_Pezoj._)
English. Esperanto.
1 ounce... = 28 _gramoj_
1 lb. (16 oz.) = 453 "
1 stone (14 lb.) = 6 _kilo._ 345 _gr._
1 quarter (28 lb.) = 12 _kilo._ 690 _gr._
1 cwt. (112 lb.) = 50 _kilo._ 750 _gr._
1 ton (20 cwt.) = 1015 _kilogramoj_
Esperanto. English.
1 _gramo_ = .0357 (1/30) oz. (15.432 gr.)
1 _hektogramo_ = 3-1/2 oz.
1 _kilogramo_ = 2.2 lb.
5 _kilogramoj_ = 11 lb.
1000 " = 19 cwt. 2 qr. 23 lb.
LIQUIDS. (_Fluidaĵoj._)
English. Esperanto.
1 pint = 0.57 _litro_
1 quart (2 pints) = 1.14 _litroj_
1 gallon (4 quarts) = 4.54 "
1 barrel (36 gallons) = 160.32 "
1 hogshead (54 gall.) = 240.48 "
Esperanto. English.
1 _litro_ = 1.76 (1-3/4) pints (0.22 gall.)
5 _litroj_ = 1 gallon 1 pint
1 _hektolitro_ = 22 gallons
1 _kilolitro_ = 220 "
AREA. (_Areo._)
English. Esperanto.
1 sq. inch = 6.45 _kvadrataj centimetroj_
1 sq. foot = 9.29 " _decimetroj_
1 sq. yard = 83.6 " _decimetroj_
1 acre = 4046.78 _kv. metroj_
Esperanto. English.
1 _centiaro_ (1 _kv. metro_) = 1.196 sq. yd.
1 _aro_ (100 _kv. metroj_) = 0.099 rood
1 _hektaro_ (10,000 _kv. metroj_) = 2.471 acres
The following Esperanto translations of English units are sometimes
needed: _Colo_, inch; _futo_, foot; _jardo_, yard; _mejlo_, mile;
_unco_, ounce; _funto_, pound; _ekro_, acre.
POSTAGE.
The postage on LETTERS from the United Kingdom to foreign countries
(except Egypt and the United States) is 2-1/2d. for 1 ounce, and 1-1/2d.
for each succeeding ounce or fraction thereof; POSTCARDS, 1d.;
NEWSPAPERS, 1/2d. for every 2 ounces; COMMERCIAL PAPERS, 2-1/2d. for the
first 10 ounces, and 1/2d. per 2 ounces thereafter. Special Coupons for
PREPAYMENT OF REPLY are issued in connection with many countries.
NOTES
[1] _Any information as to Esperanto groups, literature, etc., may be
obtained on application to The British Esperanto Association, 142,
High Holborn, London, W.C. 1._
[2] The names of trees and bushes are formed by adding the suffix
_-uj_ (or simply _-arbo_, tree) to the root denoting the fruit or
flower. E.g., _pruno_, plum--_prunujo_ or _prunarbo_, plum-tree;
_marono_, chestnut--_maronujo, maronarbo_, chestnut-tree; _rozo_,
rose--_rozujo, rozarbeto_, rose-bush.
[3] See §. "The Noun."
[4] Where a country is called after its inhabitants, the Esperanto
name for it is formed by adding the suffix *-uj* (= that which
contains, see section "Suffixes") or *-lando* (land) to the root
denoting the inhabitant. Thus: _Belg-o_, Belgian--_Belg-ujo_,
Belgium; _Brito_, Briton--_Grandbritujo_, Great Britain; _Sviso_, a
Swiss--_Svisujo_, Switzerland; or _Belgolando, Skotlando,
Anglolando, Svislando,_ etc. Where the name of the inhabitants is
formed from that of the country, use is made of the suffix *-ano* (=
member of). Thus: _Eŭropo_, Europe--_Eŭropano_, European; _Irlando_,
Ireland--_Irlandano_, Irishman.
[5] See *-an*, section "Suffixes".
[6] See section "Participles".
[7] See section "Suffixes".
[8] See section "Suffixes".
[9] For this purpose the small penny Esperanto "key," which contains
the fundamental roots of the language, will be found useful. It may
be obtained of any Esperanto bookseller.
-------------------
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
Text printed in _italics_ or in *bold* was represented as shown.
References to page numbers have been rewritten to use section titles or
numbers (including sections 38 to 68 which are not numbered in the
original).
The following typographic errors were corrected:
p. 20, _piedovojeto_ > _piedvojeto_
p. 46, _ŝraubturnilo_ > _ŝraŭbturnilo_
p. 60, _Telephono_ > _Telefono_ (in title)
p. 78, _double_ > _duoble_ (_duoble_, doubly)
p. 85, _-ac_ > _-aĉ_
p. 87, _autaŭ'ĉambro_ > _antaŭ'ĉambro_
p. 101, _Lauhore_ > _Laŭhore_
p. 103, _esta_ > _estas_ (_Ĉu la matenmanĝo estas...?_)
p. 108, _miaj-amikoj_ > _miaj amikoj_
p. 114, _ŝraubingon_ > _ŝraŭbingon_
p. 118, ight-horse-power > eight-horse-power
as well as several punctuation errors and inconsistencies in the
Prononciation column of the tables, which were silently corrected.
*** End of this LibraryBlog Digital Book "Esperanto Self-Taught with Phonetic Pronunciation" ***
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